Input Core和evdev基本知识 - Kernel3 0 8

最新推荐文章于 2022-06-05 18:28:04 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2022-06-05 18:28:04 发布

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本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_44884706/article/details/89517451

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首先给大家分享一个巨牛巨牛的人工智能教程，是我无意中发现的。教程不仅零基础，通俗易懂，而且非常风趣幽默，还时不时有内涵段子，像看小说一样，哈哈～我正在学习中，觉得太牛了，所以分享给大家！点这里可以跳转到教程

1. 基本数据结构和使用示例

input_event数据结构如下：

struct input_event { struct timeval time; __u16 type; __u16 code; __s32 value;};

input_dev数据结构如下：

struct input_dev { const char *name; const char *phys; const char *uniq; struct input_id id; unsigned long propbit[BITS_TO_LONGS(INPUT_PROP_CNT)]; unsigned long evbit[BITS_TO_LONGS(EV_CNT)]; unsigned long keybit[BITS_TO_LONGS(KEY_CNT)]; unsigned long relbit[BITS_TO_LONGS(REL_CNT)]; unsigned long absbit[BITS_TO_LONGS(ABS_CNT)]; unsigned long mscbit[BITS_TO_LONGS(MSC_CNT)]; unsigned long ledbit[BITS_TO_LONGS(LED_CNT)]; unsigned long sndbit[BITS_TO_LONGS(SND_CNT)]; unsigned long ffbit[BITS_TO_LONGS(FF_CNT)]; unsigned long swbit[BITS_TO_LONGS(SW_CNT)]; unsigned int hint_events_per_packet; unsigned int keycodemax; unsigned int keycodesize; void *keycode; int (*setkeycode)(struct input_dev *dev,     const struct input_keymap_entry *ke,     unsigned int *old_keycode); int (*getkeycode)(struct input_dev *dev,     struct input_keymap_entry *ke); struct ff_device *ff; unsigned int repeat_key; struct timer_list timer; int rep[REP_CNT]; struct input_mt_slot *mt; int mtsize; int slot; int trkid; struct input_absinfo *absinfo; unsigned long key[BITS_TO_LONGS(KEY_CNT)]; unsigned long led[BITS_TO_LONGS(LED_CNT)]; unsigned long snd[BITS_TO_LONGS(SND_CNT)]; unsigned long sw[BITS_TO_LONGS(SW_CNT)]; int (*open)(struct input_dev *dev); void (*close)(struct input_dev *dev); int (*flush)(struct input_dev *dev, struct file *file); int (*event)(struct input_dev *dev, unsigned int type, unsigned int code, int value); struct input_handle __rcu *grab; spinlock_t event_lock; struct mutex mutex; unsigned int users; bool going_away; bool sync; struct device dev; struct list_head h_list; struct list_head node;}

比如TouchScrenn报告一个TouchDown事件给Input子系统，其代码如下：

input_report_abs(inputdevice, ABS_X, 100);input_report_abs(inputdevice, ABS_Y, 200);input_report_key(inputdevice, BTN_TOUCH,  1);static inline void input_report_abs(struct input_dev *dev, unsigned int code, int value){ input_event(dev, EV_ABS, code, value);}static inline void input_report_key(struct input_dev *dev, unsigned int code, int value){ input_event(dev, EV_KEY, code, !!value);}/** * input_event() - report new input event * @dev: device that generated the event * @type: type of the event * @code: event code * @value: value of the event * * This function should be used by drivers implementing various input * devices to report input events. See also input_inject_event(). */void input_event(struct input_dev *dev,   unsigned int type, unsigned int code, int value){ unsigned long flags; if (is_event_supported(type, dev->evbit, EV_MAX)) {  spin_lock_irqsave(&dev->event_lock, flags);  add_input_randomness(type, code, value);  input_handle_event(dev, type, code, value);  spin_unlock_irqrestore(&dev->event_lock, flags); }}

它将调用input_pass_event，input_pass_event代码如下：

static void input_pass_event(struct input_dev *dev,        unsigned int type, unsigned int code, int value){ struct input_handler *handler; struct input_handle *handle; rcu_read_lock(); handle = rcu_dereference(dev->grab); if (handle)  handle->handler->event(handle, type, code, value); else {  bool filtered = false;  list_for_each_entry_rcu(handle, &dev->h_list, d_node) {   if (!handle->open)    continue;   handler = handle->handler;   if (!handler->filter) {    if (filtered)     break;    handler->event(handle, type, code, value);   } else if (handler->filter(handle, type, code, value))    filtered = true;  } } rcu_read_unlock();}

上面的handler就是下面的evdev_handler.
2. evdev & input core & input_dev初始化

在kernel中，调用函数evdev_read,此函数从client->buffer中（evdev_client *client = file->private_data;）copy对应的input_event到用户提供的buffer。这些input_event数据如何从input_handle_event到client->buffer中的呢? 它是在evdev_event中实现的。

static struct input_handler evdev_handler = { .event  = evdev_event, .connect = evdev_connect, .disconnect = evdev_disconnect, .fops  = &evdev_fops, .minor  = EVDEV_MINOR_BASE, .name  = "evdev", .id_table = evdev_ids,};

input_dev如何与evdev_handler关联起来的呢？它只在evdev_init中调用input_register_handler(&evdev_handler)被注册了。其关联关系如下：

a）在input_register_handler中，把evdev_handler增加到input_handler_list中

b）在input_register_device中，通过input_attach_handler(dev, handler)，寻找input_handler_list中哪一个input_handler与需要注册的设备相匹配，找到匹配的，则调用此input_handler的connect把input_handler与注册的input_device关联起来，这样新注册的input_device就有对应的处理方法了。

static int input_attach_handler(struct input_dev *dev, struct input_handler *handler){ const struct input_device_id *id; int error; id = input_match_device(handler, dev); if (!id)  return -ENODEV; error = handler->connect(handler, dev, id); if (error && error != -ENODEV)  pr_err("failed to attach handler %s to device %s, error: %d\n",         handler->name, kobject_name(&dev->dev.kobj), error); return error;}

c）如果匹配上了，就调用evdev_handler->connect函数(evdev_connect),它把此evdev_handler保存在新设备的handle->handler中(evdev->handle.handler = handler;)。这样在input_pass_event就可以调用evdev->handle.handler.event了。

d）input_handle把input_device和input_handler关联起来，其数据结构如下：

struct input_handle { void *private; int open; const char *name; struct input_dev *dev; struct input_handler *handler; struct list_head d_node; struct list_head h_node;};

e）evdev为事件字符设备( Event char devices)提供了访问原始输入设备事件的方法，即它是做具体事的东东，对于事件字符设备，当我们调用open, read, write最终都会调用它的函数，即evdev_fops中的对应函数。有了evdev和input core，设备驱动程序就很简单了.

e.1）首先调用input_allocate_device 创建一个input_dev对象

e.2）然后设备input_dev的各种属性以告诉input core你将提供哪些事件

e.3）最后调用input_register_device把input_dev注册到input core

f）input_register_device

前面讲过，在input_register_device中，它将在input_handler_list 寻找与input_dev匹配的input_handler，然后调用input_handler的connect函数，即evdev_connect。在evdev_connect中，它将创建evdev对象，并以evdev->minor作为索引把它放在evdev_table数组中。evdev数据结构如下：

struct evdev { int open; int minor;   //在evdev_table中的索引 struct input_handle handle;  //连接input_dev和input_handler wait_queue_head_t wait; struct evdev_client __rcu *grab;   // 用户每调用一次open,将创建一个evdev_client struct list_head client_list; spinlock_t client_lock; /* protects client_list */ struct mutex mutex; struct device dev; bool exist;};struct evdev_client { unsigned int head; unsigned int tail; unsigned int packet_head; /* [future] position of the first element of next packet */ spinlock_t buffer_lock; /* protects access to buffer, head and tail */ struct wake_lock wake_lock; char name[28]; struct fasync_struct *fasync; struct evdev *evdev; struct list_head node; unsigned int bufsize; struct input_event buffer[];  //存放所有这个设备产生的input_event,由evdev_event写入};

在evdev_connect，它设置设备名，初始化input_handle中各个数据成员（关键是其input_dev和input_handler），然后再调用input_register_handle把evdev中的input_handle添加到input_dev的h_lis链表中，并且把此input_handle添加到input_handler的h_list链表中。从此它们的三角关系建立完成。注：当用户每打开一次它就要创建一个evdev_client，并加入到client_list链表中，当input_dev产生事件时，evdev_event函数将把此input_event放入evdev->client_list链表中的每个evdev_client的buffer中。它们的关系如下图所示：