东北大学软件项目管理与过程改进bb平台期末复习题整理(Part Three)

东北大学软件项目管理与过程改进bb平台期末复习题整理(Part One)
东北大学软件项目管理与过程改进bb平台期末复习题整理(Part Two)
东北大学软件项目管理与过程改进bb平台期末复习题整理(Part Three)
东北大学软件项目管理与过程改进bb平台期末复习题整理(Part Four)

1. Projects should be developed in increments. (T)

   A project is developed using progressive elaboration. Projects are often defined broadly when they begin, and as time passes, the specific details of the project become clearer.

2. Initiating processes take place during each phase of a project. (T)

3. Which is an output of schedule control?

*	a.	change requests
	b.	resource requirements
	c.	milestones lists
	d.	activity attributes

4. _____ includes the processes involved in defining and controlling what work is or is not included in a project. # Project scope management

5. List and describe each of the ten project management knowledge areas.

   (1) Project scope management involves defining and managing all the work required to complete the project successfully.

   (2) Project time management includes estimating how long it will take to complete the work, developing an acceptable project schedule, and ensuring timely completion of the project.

   (3) Project cost management consists of preparing and managing the budget for the project.

   (4) Project quality management ensures that the project will satisfy the stated or implied needs for which it was undertaken.

   (5) Project human resource management is concerned with making effective use of the people involved with the project.

   (6) Project communications management involves generating, collecting, disseminating, and storing project information.

   (7) Project risk management includes identifying, analyzing, and responding to risks related to the project.

   (8) Project procurement management involves acquiring or procuring goods and services for a project from outside the performing organization.

   (9) Project stakeholder management includes identifying and analyzing stakeholder needs while managing and controlling their engagement throughout the life of the project.

   (10) Project integration management is an overarching function that affects and is affected by all of the other knowledge areas.

6. Which of the following refers to a set of principles that guides decision making based on personal values of what is considered right and wrong?

	a.	Politics
	b.	Laws
*	c.	Ethics
	d.	Civics

7. Which is an output of the process of controlling costs?

	a.	scope baselines
	b.	basis of estimates
	c.	project funding requirements
*	d.	cost forecasts

8. A _____ is a tool used in risk management.

	a.	work breakdown structure
	b.	critical path analysis
*	c.	probability matrix
	d.	project organizational chart

9. Project management _____ describe the key competencies that project managers must develop. # knowledge areas
10. A(n) _____ is a framework for describing the phases of developing information systems. # Systems Development Life Cycle or SDLC
11. Which process uses highly organized and intensive workshops to bring together project stakeholders—the sponsor, users, business analysts, programmers, and so on—to jointly define and design information systems?

*	a.	JAD
	b.	Use case modeling
	c.	RAD
	d.	Prototyping

12. Describe each of the three major types of organizational structure.

1. A functional organizational structure is the hierarchy most people think of when picturing an organizational chart.
2. A project organizational structure also is hierarchical, but instead of functional managers or vice presidents reporting to the CEO, program managers report to the CEO.Their staffs have a variety of skills needed to complete the projects within their programs.
3. A matrix organizational structure represents the middle ground between functional and project structures. Personnel often report both to a functional manager and one or more project managers.

13. Which of the following questions reflects the strategic goals of project portfolio management?

	a.	Are we carrying out projects well?
	b.	Are we investing in the right areas?
	c.	Do stakeholders know what they should be doing?
	d.	Are projects on time and on budget?

14. The importance of stakeholders’ needs and expectations is limited to the beginning of a project. (F)
15. The kick-off meeting is always held before the business case and project charter are completed. (F)
16. In a Gantt chart, thick black bars represent milestones achieved in a project. (F)
17. The _____ frame of an organization relates to the company’s culture. # symbolic
18. Which process involves developing an approximation of the costs of resources needed to complete a project?

	a.	finalising the cost baseline
*	b.	estimating costs
	c.	controlling costs
	d.	determining the budget

19. Which characteristic of organizational culture refers to the degree to which departments within an organization are encouraged to coordinate with each other?

*	a.	Unit integration
	b.	Member identity
	c.	People focus
	d.	Group emphasis

20. The _____ frame of an organization focuses on providing harmony between the needs of the organization and the needs of people.

	a.	human resources
	b.	structural
	c.	political
	d.	symbolic

21. The _____ frame of an organization focuses on providing harmony between the needs of the organization and the needs of people.

*	a.	human resources
	b.	structural
	c.	political
	d.	symbolic

22. The last phase of the traditional project life cycle is the implementation phase. (F)
23. _____ software development can be used for software development or in any environment in which the requirements are unknown or change quickly. #Agile
24. Program managers are change agents. (T)
25. The project scope statement should reference supporting documents, such as product specifications that will affect what products are produced or purchased, or corporate policies, which might affect how products or services are produced. (T)
26. Mind mapping can be used for developing WBSs using which approach?

	a.	analogy approach only
	b.	any approach
*	c.	top-down or bottom-up approach
	d.	bottom-up or analogy approach

27. Some organizations prescribe the form and content for WBSs for particular projects. These are known as _____. # guidelines
28. Which type of dependencies are inherent in the nature of work being performed on a project?

	a.	random
	b.	external
*	c.	mandatory
	d.	discretionary

29. Which tool can best help in efficient communication management?

	a.	Fast tracking
	b.	Requests for quotes
	c.	Impact matrices
*	d.	Kick-off meetings

30. In a bottom-up estimate, the size of the individual work items is one of the factors that drives the accuracy of the estimates. (T)
31. The pre-initiation phase of a project using the Scrum method does not involve project charters, stakeholder management strategy, and kick-off meetings. (F)
32. Variances are calculated by subtracting the actual cost from which value?

	a.	planned value
	b.	schedule variance
	c.	rate of performance
*	d.	earned value

33. Which of the following is true of program managers?

	a.	They report to project managers who represent the next level in the hierarchy.
	b.	They recognize that managing a program is simpler than managing a project.
	c.	They are responsible solely for the delivery of project results.
*	d.	They provide leadership and direction for project managers heading the projects within a program.

34. A(n) _____ is a table that lists requirements, their various attributes, and the status of the requirements to ensure that all are addressed. # requirements traceability matrix
35. One of the main reasons why project management is challenging is because of the factor of uncertainty. (T)
36. The _____ includes the approved project scope statement and its associated WBS and WBS dictionary. # scope baseline
37. What does the process of controlling costs primarily involve?

	a.	finalising the procedures for project costs
*	b.	managing changes to the project budget
	c.	determining the policies for project costs
	d.	determining a basis for estimates

38. Which method is used for determining the estimated annual costs and benefits for a project?

	a.	Requirements analysis
*	b.	Cash flow analysis
	c.	Present value analysis
	d.	Critical path analysis

39. SMART criteria are guidelines suggesting that milestones should be _____. # specific, measurable, assignable, realistic, and time -framed
40. Which organization provides certification as a Project Management Professional?

	a.	PMC
	b.	PMP
	c.	PMS
*	d.	PMI

41. Subdividing the project deliverables into smaller pieces is known as _____. # decomposition

42. After defining project activities, the next step in project schedule management is developing the schedule. (F)

43. A drawback of the precedence diagramming method is that it cannot be used unless dummy activities are employed. (F)

    AOA

44. The scope baseline in a WBS consists of the requirements documentation and enterprise environmental factors. (F)

    The scope baseline includes the approved project scope statement and its associated WBS and WBS dictionary.

45. In project schedule management, which process involves estimating the number of work periods that are needed to complete individual activities?

*	a.	estimating activity durations
	b.	sequencing activities
	c.	planning schedule management
	d.	defining activities

46. In the _____ approach to creating a WBS, team members first identify as many specific tasks related to the project as possible. # bottom-up
47. _____ refers to the degree to which rules, policies, and direct supervision are used to oversee employee behavior. # Control
48. In project schedule management, the ultimate goal of which process is to provide a basis for monitoring project progress for the time dimension of the project?

	a.	defining activities
	b.	estimating activity resources
	c.	sequencing activities
*	d.	developing a schedule

49. One of the first reality checks on scheduling that a project manager should make is to review the _____ .# draft schedule
50. The _____ is a tabulation of activities to be included on a project schedule. # activity list

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Source:
NEU blackboard
quizlet.com