蓝桥杯嵌入式学习笔记——I2C

最新推荐文章于 2023-06-29 15:19:08 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2023-06-29 15:19:08 发布

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分类专栏：蓝桥杯嵌入式文章标签：嵌入式硬件蓝桥杯 stm32 单片机

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_45685327/article/details/123948745

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本文档详细介绍了如何在STM32上使用I2C通信协议，包括配置Keil工程、编写I2C库函数以及在主函数中应用。代码示例展示了如何读写24C02存储器，涉及SDA和SCL引脚的配置、起始和停止信号的生成、数据传输等关键步骤。

摘要由CSDN通过智能技术生成

工程文件链接，无需积分即可下载

有关iic的工程我们是直接在之前的lcd工程上进行修改

1.配置keil工程文件

(1).把比赛当天官方会给我们的资料，路径：

资源数据包_嵌入式（G431）_2021\1-底层驱动代码参考

里面的iic-hal.c,iic-hal.h文件分别移动到我们工程文件的bsp文件夹里面，并且按照我们的命名方式进行重新命名

(2).在工程里面添加iic.c文件

(3).在主函数还有iic.c里面分别添加iic.h的头文件声明

2.编写代码

(1).编写库函数代码

#include "iic\bsp_iic.h"

#define DELAY_TIME	20


/**
  * @brief SDA线输入模式配置
  * @param None
  * @retval None
  */
void SDA_Input_Mode()
{
    GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStructure = {0};

    GPIO_InitStructure.Pin = GPIO_PIN_7;
    GPIO_InitStructure.Mode = GPIO_MODE_INPUT;
    GPIO_InitStructure.Pull = GPIO_PULLUP;
    GPIO_InitStructure.Speed = GPIO_SPEED_FREQ_HIGH;
    HAL_GPIO_Init(GPIOB, &GPIO_InitStructure);
}

/**
  * @brief SDA线输出模式配置
  * @param None
  * @retval None
  */
void SDA_Output_Mode()
{
    GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStructure = {0};

    GPIO_InitStructure.Pin = GPIO_PIN_7;
    GPIO_InitStructure.Mode = GPIO_MODE_OUTPUT_OD;
    GPIO_InitStructure.Pull = GPIO_NOPULL;
    GPIO_InitStructure.Speed = GPIO_SPEED_FREQ_HIGH;
    HAL_GPIO_Init(GPIOB, &GPIO_InitStructure);
}

/**
  * @brief SDA线输出一个位
  * @param val 输出的数据
  * @retval None
  */
void SDA_Output( uint16_t val )
{
    if ( val )
    {
        GPIOB->BSRR |= GPIO_PIN_7;
    }
    else
    {
        GPIOB->BRR |= GPIO_PIN_7;
    }
}

/**
  * @brief SCL线输出一个位
  * @param val 输出的数据
  * @retval None
  */
void SCL_Output( uint16_t val )
{
    if ( val )
    {
        GPIOB->BSRR |= GPIO_PIN_6;
    }
    else
    {
        GPIOB->BRR |= GPIO_PIN_6;
    }
}

/**
  * @brief SDA输入一位
  * @param None
  * @retval GPIO读入一位
  */
uint8_t SDA_Input(void)
{
	if(HAL_GPIO_ReadPin(GPIOB, GPIO_PIN_7) == GPIO_PIN_SET){
		return 1;
	}else{
		return 0;
	}
}


/**
  * @brief I2C的短暂延时
  * @param None
  * @retval None
  */
static void delay1(unsigned int n)
{
    uint32_t i;
    for ( i = 0; i < n; ++i);
}

/**
  * @brief I2C起始信号
  * @param None
  * @retval None
  */
void I2CStart(void)
{
    SDA_Output(1);
    delay1(DELAY_TIME);
    SCL_Output(1);
    delay1(DELAY_TIME);
    SDA_Output(0);
    delay1(DELAY_TIME);
    SCL_Output(0);
    delay1(DELAY_TIME);
}

/**
  * @brief I2C结束信号
  * @param None
  * @retval None
  */
void I2CStop(void)
{
    SCL_Output(0);
    delay1(DELAY_TIME);
    SDA_Output(0);
    delay1(DELAY_TIME);
    SCL_Output(1);
    delay1(DELAY_TIME);
    SDA_Output(1);
    delay1(DELAY_TIME);

}

/**
  * @brief I2C等待确认信号
  * @param None
  * @retval None
  */
unsigned char I2CWaitAck(void)
{
    unsigned short cErrTime = 5;
    SDA_Input_Mode();
    delay1(DELAY_TIME);
    SCL_Output(1);
    delay1(DELAY_TIME);
    while(SDA_Input())
    {
        cErrTime--;
        delay1(DELAY_TIME);
        if (0 == cErrTime)
        {
            SDA_Output_Mode();
            I2CStop();
            return ERROR;
        }
    }
    SDA_Output_Mode();
    SCL_Output(0);
    delay1(DELAY_TIME);
    return SUCCESS;
}

/**
  * @brief I2C发送确认信号
  * @param None
  * @retval None
  */
void I2CSendAck(void)
{
    SDA_Output(0);
    delay1(DELAY_TIME);
    delay1(DELAY_TIME);
    SCL_Output(1);
    delay1(DELAY_TIME);
    SCL_Output(0);
    delay1(DELAY_TIME);

}

/**
  * @brief I2C发送非确认信号
  * @param None
  * @retval None
  */
void I2CSendNotAck(void)
{
    SDA_Output(1);
    delay1(DELAY_TIME);
    delay1(DELAY_TIME);
    SCL_Output(1);
    delay1(DELAY_TIME);
    SCL_Output(0);
    delay1(DELAY_TIME);

}

/**
  * @brief I2C发送一个字节
  * @param cSendByte 需要发送的字节
  * @retval None
  */
void I2CSendByte(unsigned char cSendByte)
{
    unsigned char  i = 8;
    while (i--)
    {
        SCL_Output(0);
        delay1(DELAY_TIME);
        SDA_Output(cSendByte & 0x80);
        delay1(DELAY_TIME);
        cSendByte += cSendByte;
        delay1(DELAY_TIME);
        SCL_Output(1);
        delay1(DELAY_TIME);
    }
    SCL_Output(0);
    delay1(DELAY_TIME);
}

/**
  * @brief I2C接收一个字节
  * @param None
  * @retval 接收到的字节
  */
unsigned char I2CReceiveByte(void)
{
    unsigned char i = 8;
    unsigned char cR_Byte = 0;
    SDA_Input_Mode();
    while (i--)
    {
        cR_Byte += cR_Byte;
        SCL_Output(0);
        delay1(DELAY_TIME);
        delay1(DELAY_TIME);
        SCL_Output(1);
        delay1(DELAY_TIME);
        cR_Byte |=  SDA_Input();
    }
    SCL_Output(0);
    delay1(DELAY_TIME);
    SDA_Output_Mode();
    return cR_Byte;
}

//
void I2CInit(void)
{
		GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStructure = {0};

    GPIO_InitStructure.Pin = GPIO_PIN_7 | GPIO_PIN_6;
    GPIO_InitStructure.Mode = GPIO_MODE_OUTPUT_PP;
    GPIO_InitStructure.Pull = GPIO_PULLUP;
    GPIO_InitStructure.Speed = GPIO_SPEED_FREQ_HIGH;
    HAL_GPIO_Init(GPIOB, &GPIO_InitStructure);
}

void iic_24c02_write(unsigned char *pucBuf,unsigned char ucAddr,unsigned char ucNum)
{
	I2CStart();
	I2CSendByte(0xa0);
	I2CWaitAck();
	
	I2CSendByte(ucAddr);
	I2CWaitAck();
	
	while(ucNum--)
	{
		I2CSendByte(*pucBuf++);
		I2CWaitAck();
		
	}
	
	
	I2CStop();
	delay1(500);
}
void iic_24c02_read(unsigned char *pucBuf,unsigned char ucAddr,unsigned char ucNum)
{
	I2CStart();
	I2CSendByte(0xa0);
	I2CWaitAck();
	
	I2CSendByte(ucAddr);
	I2CWaitAck();
	
	//此处开始语句自己写的时候忘记写了
	I2CStart();
	I2CSendByte(0xa1);
	I2CWaitAck();
	
	while(ucNum--)
	{
		*pucBuf++ = I2CReceiveByte();
		if(ucNum)
			I2CSendAck();
		else
			I2CSendNotAck();
		
	}
	
	
	I2CStop();
	delay1(200);
}

(2).编写主函数功能代码

#include "stdio.h"
#include "main.h"
#include "led\bsp_led.h"
#include "key\bsp_key.h"
#include "lcd\bsp_lcd.h"
#include "iic\bsp_iic.h"


__IO uint32_t uwTick_key_set_point = 0;
unsigned char uckey_valu,uckey_old,uckey_down,uckey_up;


__IO uint32_t uwTick_lcd_set_point = 0;
unsigned int i = 0;
unsigned char Lcd_Dis_String[22];

//iic专用变量
uint8_t iic_send_buf[20] = {0,1,2,3,4,5,56};
uint8_t iic_receive_buf[20];

void SystemClock_Config(void);
void KEY_Proc(void);
void LCD_Disp(void);

int main(void)
{
	
  HAL_Init();
	
  SystemClock_Config();

  LED_Init();
	KEY_Init();
	LCD_Init();
	LCD_Clear(White);
	
	I2CInit();
	
	iic_24c02_write(iic_send_buf,0,7);
	iic_24c02_read(iic_receive_buf,0,7);
	sprintf((char *)Lcd_Dis_String,"   The time is %d",iic_send_buf[10]);
	LCD_DisplayStringLine(0, Lcd_Dis_String);
	
  while (1)
  {
		
		KEY_Proc();
		//LCD_Disp();
  }

}
void LCD_Disp(void)
{
	if (uwTick - uwTick_lcd_set_point < 200) return;

	uwTick_lcd_set_point = uwTick;
	i++;
	sprintf((char *)Lcd_Dis_String,"   The time is %d",i);
	
	
	LCD_DisplayStringLine(0, Lcd_Dis_String);
	LCD_DisplayStringLine(1, Lcd_Dis_String);

	
	
}

void KEY_Proc(void)
{

	
	if (uwTick - uwTick_key_set_point < 200) return;

	uwTick_key_set_point = uwTick;
	uckey_valu = KEY_Scan();
	
	uckey_down = uckey_valu & (uckey_old^uckey_valu);
	uckey_up = ~uckey_valu & (uckey_old^uckey_valu);
	uckey_old = uckey_valu;

	if (uckey_down == 1)
	{
		LED_Disp(0x11);
		
	}
	if (uckey_down == 2)
	{
		LED_Disp(0xff);
		
	}
	if (uckey_down == 3)
	{
		LED_Disp(0x44);
		
	}
	if (uckey_down == 4)
	{
		LED_Disp(0x00);
		
	}
}


void SystemClock_Config(void)
{
  RCC_OscInitTypeDef RCC_OscInitStruct = {0};
  RCC_ClkInitTypeDef RCC_ClkInitStruct = {0};


  HAL_PWREx_ControlVoltageScaling(PWR_REGULATOR_VOLTAGE_SCALE1);

  RCC_OscInitStruct.OscillatorType = RCC_OSCILLATORTYPE_HSE;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.HSEState = RCC_HSE_ON;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLState = RCC_PLL_ON;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLSource = RCC_PLLSOURCE_HSE;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLM = RCC_PLLM_DIV3;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLN = 20;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLP = RCC_PLLP_DIV2;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLQ = RCC_PLLQ_DIV2;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLR = RCC_PLLR_DIV2;
  if (HAL_RCC_OscConfig(&RCC_OscInitStruct) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }

  RCC_ClkInitStruct.ClockType = RCC_CLOCKTYPE_HCLK|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_SYSCLK
                              |RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK1|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK2;
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.SYSCLKSource = RCC_SYSCLKSOURCE_PLLCLK;
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.AHBCLKDivider = RCC_SYSCLK_DIV1;
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB1CLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV1;
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB2CLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV1;

  if (HAL_RCC_ClockConfig(&RCC_ClkInitStruct, FLASH_LATENCY_2) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }
}


void Error_Handler(void)
{

  __disable_irq();
  while (1)
  {
  }

}

#ifdef  USE_FULL_ASSERT

void assert_failed(uint8_t *file, uint32_t line)
{
  /* USER CODE BEGIN 6 */
  /* User can add his own implementation to report the file name and line number,
     ex: printf("Wrong parameters value: file %s on line %d\r\n", file, line) */
  /* USER CODE END 6 */
}
#endif /* USE_FULL_ASSERT */