Serializers嵌套使用

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前言

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一、Serializers嵌套使用

• 序列化器

from rest_framework import serializers
from school.models import Student, Course, Teacher, Achievement


class TeacherSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    class Meta:
        model = Teacher
        fields = '__all__'


class CourseSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    teacher = TeacherSerializer()

    class Meta:
        model = Course
        fields = '__all__'


class AchievementSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    # course = CourseSerializer()
    course_name = serializers.CharField(source='course.name')
    teacher_name = serializers.CharField(source='course.teacher')

    class Meta:
        model = Achievement
        fields = ['score', 'course_name', 'teacher_name']


class AchievementSerializer2(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    class Meta:
        model = Achievement
        fields = '__all__'
        # 指定关联深度
        # 从成绩模型 -> 课程 =1
        # 从成绩模型 -> 课程 ->老师 = 2
        depth = 2


# 第一种序列化嵌套方式
class StudentSerializer1(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    s_achievment = AchievementSerializer(many=True)

    class Meta:
        model = Student
        fields = ['id', 'name', 'sex', 'age', 's_achievment']


# 第二种序列化嵌套方式
class StudentSerializer2(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    s_achievment = AchievementSerializer2(many=True)

    class Meta:
        model = Student
        fields = ['id', 'name', 'sex', 'age', 's_achievment']


# 第三种序列化嵌套方式，更改models类
class StudentSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    class Meta:
        model = Student
        fields = ['id', 'name', 'sex', 'age', 'achievement']

• 模型类

from django.db import models
from django.utils import timezone as datetime


class Student(models.Model):
   name = models.CharField(max_length=50, verbose_name="姓名")
   age = models.SmallIntegerField(verbose_name="年龄")
   sex = models.BooleanField(default=False)

   class Meta:
       db_table = "sch_student"

   def __str__(self):
       return self.name

   # 自定义模型
   @property
   def achievement(self):
       """ 成绩表 """
       return self.s_achievment.values('course__name', 'course__teacher__name', 'score')


class Course(models.Model):
   name = models.CharField(max_length=50, verbose_name="课程名称")
   teacher = models.ForeignKey("Teacher", on_delete=models.DO_NOTHING, related_name="course", db_constraint=False)

   class Meta:
       db_table = "sch_course"

   def __str__(self):
       return self.name


class Teacher(models.Model):
   name = models.CharField(max_length=50, verbose_name="姓名")
   sex = models.BooleanField(default=False)

   class Meta:
       db_table = "sch_teacher"

   def __str__(self):
       return self.name


class Achievement(models.Model):
   score = models.DecimalField(default=0, max_digits=4, decimal_places=1, verbose_name="成绩")
   # db_constraint 虚拟外键
   student = models.ForeignKey(Student, on_delete=models.DO_NOTHING, related_name="s_achievment", db_constraint=False)
   course = models.ForeignKey(Course, on_delete=models.DO_NOTHING, related_name="c_achievement", db_constraint=False)
   create_dtime = models.DateTimeField(auto_created=datetime.now)

   class Meta:
       db_table = "sch_achievement"

   # def __str__(self):
   #     return str(self.score)

• 视图类

from django.shortcuts import render

from rest_framework.viewsets import ModelViewSet

from school.models import Student,
from school.serializers import StudentSerializer


class StudentModelViewSet(ModelViewSet):
   queryset = Student.objects.all()
   serializer_class = StudentSerializer