《机器学习实战》第七章

记

本章介绍了集成学习和随机森林模型

1.投票分类器

利用sklearn创建并训练一个投票分类器（集成三种不同的分类器）

from sklearn.model_selection import train_test_split
from sklearn.datasets import make_moons

X, y = make_moons(n_samples=500, noise=0.30, random_state=42)
X_train, X_test, y_train, y_test = train_test_split(X, y, random_state=42)

from sklearn.ensemble import RandomForestClassifier
from sklearn.ensemble import VotingClassifier
from sklearn.linear_model import LogisticRegression
from sklearn.svm import SVC

log_clf = LogisticRegression(solver="lbfgs", random_state=42)
rnd_clf = RandomForestClassifier(n_estimators=100, random_state=42)
svm_clf = SVC(gamma="scale", random_state=42)

voting_clf = VotingClassifier(
    estimators=[('lr', log_clf), ('rf', rnd_clf), ('svc', svm_clf)],
    voting='hard')

voting_clf.fit(X_train, y_train)

from sklearn.metrics import accuracy_score

for clf in (log_clf, rnd_clf, svm_clf, voting_clf):
    clf.fit(X_train, y_train)
    y_pred = clf.predict(X_test)
    print(clf.__class__.__name__, accuracy_score(y_test, y_pred))

 集成的投票分类器比其中任一种单独的分类器精度都要高。

2.bagging和pasting

from sklearn.ensemble import BaggingClassifier
from sklearn.tree import DecisionTreeClassifier

bag_clf = BaggingClassifier(
    DecisionTreeClassifier(random_state=42), n_estimators=500,
    max_samples=100, bootstrap=True, random_state=42)
bag_clf.fit(X_train, y_train)
y_pred = bag_clf.predict(X_test)

3.随机森林

直接使用randomForest-Classifier类

from sklearn.ensemble import RandomForestClassifier

rnd_clf = RandomForestClassifier(n_estimators=500, max_leaf_nodes=16, random_state=42)
rnd_clf.fit(X_train, y_train)

y_pred_rf = rnd_clf.predict(X_test)

4.提升法

adaboost：

from sklearn.ensemble import AdaBoostClassifier

ada_clf = AdaBoostClassifier(
    DecisionTreeClassifier(max_depth=1), n_estimators=200,
    algorithm="SAMME.R", learning_rate=0.5, random_state=42)
ada_clf.fit(X_train, y_train)

plot_decision_boundary(ada_clf, X, y)

**梯度提升、堆叠法