【数据可视化实验-8】地理空间型图表之点分布地图

实验内容：

绘制点分布图，将地理空间中某类或某些类别的点呈现于地图中。

实验要求：

自选地理空间数据集，绘制点分布地图；

说明数据集来源，详细介绍数据集内容。

实验目的：

掌握通过在地理背景上绘制点来表示数据在地理空间上分布的方法，理解地图投影原理。

#-----------------------------Method:basemap--------------------------------------------------
from mpl_toolkits.basemap import Basemap
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from matplotlib.patches import Polygon
import pandas as pd
import numpy as np

df_city=pd.read_csv("Virtual_City.csv",index_col='country') 

lat_min = 29
lat_max = 62
lon_min = 103
lon_max = 136

ax = plt.figure(figsize=(8, 6)).gca()
basemap = Basemap(llcrnrlon=lon_min, urcrnrlon=lon_max, llcrnrlat=lat_min,urcrnrlat=lat_max,
                  projection='cyl',lon_0 = 120,lat_0 = 50,ax = ax)
basemap.readshapefile(shapefile = 'Virtual_Map1', name = "Country", drawbounds=True)

for info, shape in zip(basemap.Country_info, basemap.Country): 
        poly = Polygon(shape, facecolor='w', edgecolor='k')
        ax.add_patch(poly) 

basemap.drawparallels(np.arange(lat_min,lat_max,10), labels=[1,0,0,0],zorder=0) #画经度线
basemap.drawmeridians(np.arange(lon_min,lon_max,10), labels=[0,0,0,1],zorder=0) #画纬度线

#添加文本信息：城名
for lat,long,country in zip(df_city['lat'],df_city['long'],df_city['city']):
    ax.text(long,lat-2,country,fontsize=12,verticalalignment="center",horizontalalignment="center")

#添加气泡
Bubble_Scale=80
scatter = ax.scatter(df_city['long'], df_city['lat'], c=df_city['orange'], s=df_city['orange']*Bubble_Scale, 
                     linewidths=0.5, edgecolors="k",cmap='YlOrRd',zorder=2)
cbar = plt.colorbar(scatter) #添加图列：colobar
cbar.set_label('orange')
 #添加图列：气泡大小
kw = dict(prop="sizes", alpha=0.6, num=5, func=lambda s: s/Bubble_Scale)
ax.legend(*scatter.legend_elements(**kw), loc="upper right", title="orange")