ubuntu：多版本CUDA安装及使用

• 目录

  前言

  一、安装管理多版本的CUDA

  1.通过建立软连接的方式

  2.通过程序自由切换

  总结

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前言

在深度学习项目使用过程中，因项目所需cuda版本的不同，故针对这种情况，实现多CUDA版本的管理使用，并不影响单独环境之间的冲突。

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安装管理多版本的CUDA

1.通过建立软连接的方式

在NVIDIA官网下载所需版本的runfile文件，（CUDA Toolkit Archive | NVIDIA Developer) ，如果本身已经安装好显卡驱动，可以不勾选驱动项。安装后，可以在 /usr/local 中找到。其中cuda文件夹是生效cuda版本的软链接。如果想要指定版本的cuda，可以生成所需版本的cuda链接。举个例子：

选择cuda 11.8：

# 替换当前软链接

sudo rm -rf /usr/local/cuda
sudo ln -s /usr/local/cuda-11.8/ /usr/local/cuda

# 查看当前cuda版本

nvcc -V

2.通过程序自由切换

在官网下载需要的版本：CUDA Toolkit Archive | NVIDIA Developer

下载安装以后不需要配置任何环境和创建软连接

创建一个.sh文件，将以下程序复制在文件中

#可以查看到当前安装的所有cuda版本
source switch-cuda.sh
#选择需要的版本
source switch-cuda.sh 11.8

	#!/usr/bin/env bash
	
	# Copyright (c) 2018 Patrick Hohenecker
	#
	# Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
	# of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
	# in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
	# to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
	# copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
	# furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
	#
	# The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
	# copies or substantial portions of the Software.
	#
	# THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
	# IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
	# FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
	# AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
	# LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
	# OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
	# SOFTWARE.
	
	# author:   Patrick Hohenecker <mail@paho.at>
	# version:  2018.1
	# date:     May 15, 2018
	
	
	set -e
	
	
	# ensure that the script has been sourced rather than just executed
	if [[ "${BASH_SOURCE[0]}" = "${0}" ]]; then
	    echo "Please use 'source' to execute switch-cuda.sh!"
	    exit 1
	fi
	
	INSTALL_FOLDER="/usr/local"  # the location to look for CUDA installations at
	TARGET_VERSION=${1}          # the target CUDA version to switch to (if provided)
	
	# if no version to switch to has been provided, then just print all available CUDA installations
	if [[ -z ${TARGET_VERSION} ]]; then
	    echo "The following CUDA installations have been found (in '${INSTALL_FOLDER}'):"
	    ls -l "${INSTALL_FOLDER}" | egrep -o "cuda-[0-9]+\\.[0-9]+$" | while read -r line; do
	        echo "* ${line}"
	    done
	    set +e
	    return
	# otherwise, check whether there is an installation of the requested CUDA version
	elif [[ ! -d "${INSTALL_FOLDER}/cuda-${TARGET_VERSION}" ]]; then
	    echo "No installation of CUDA ${TARGET_VERSION} has been found!"
	    set +e
	    return
	fi
	
	# the path of the installation to use
	cuda_path="${INSTALL_FOLDER}/cuda-${TARGET_VERSION}"
	
	# filter out those CUDA entries from the PATH that are not needed anymore
	path_elements=(${PATH//:/ })
	new_path="${cuda_path}/bin"
	for p in "${path_elements[@]}"; do
	    if [[ ! ${p} =~ ^${INSTALL_FOLDER}/cuda ]]; then
	        new_path="${new_path}:${p}"
	    fi
	done
	
	# filter out those CUDA entries from the LD_LIBRARY_PATH that are not needed anymore
	ld_path_elements=(${LD_LIBRARY_PATH//:/ })
	new_ld_path="${cuda_path}/lib64:${cuda_path}/extras/CUPTI/lib64"
	for p in "${ld_path_elements[@]}"; do
	    if [[ ! ${p} =~ ^${INSTALL_FOLDER}/cuda ]]; then
	        new_ld_path="${new_ld_path}:${p}"
	    fi
	done
	
	# update environment variables
	export CUDA_HOME="${cuda_path}"
	export CUDA_ROOT="${cuda_path}"
	export LD_LIBRARY_PATH="${new_ld_path}"
	export PATH="${new_path}"
	
	echo "Switched to CUDA ${TARGET_VERSION}."
	
	set +e
	return

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总结

推荐第二种方法实现多版本的cuda管理和使用