一、实验拓扑
二、实验需求
1、R4为ISP,其上只配置IP地址;R4与其他所直连设备间均使用公有IP;
2、R3-R5、R6、R7为MGRE环境,R3为中心站点;
3、整个OSPF环境IP基于172.16.0.0/16划分;除了R12有两个环回,其他路由器均有一个环回IP
4、所有设备均可访问R4的环回;
5、减少LSA的更新量,加快收敛,保障更新安全;
6、全网可达。
三、实验思路
1.将172.16.0.0/16的网段进行子网划分,将该网段划分为8个网段,取其中6个网段;
2.对各个设备进行IP地址的配置,及环回接口的配置;
3.私网通,公网通;
4.对R3、R5、R6、R7设备进行MGRE环境的配置,R3为中心站点,并在这四个路由器上而配置到ISP的缺省路由,实现对边界路由器的私网互通;
5.对各个路由器进行配置OSPF协议并进行宣告,注意在宣告的时候可以汇总的路由信息可以汇总后一并宣告,让其各个路由器获取其他网段的路由拓扑信息,从而获取路由条目;
6.将域外路由通过重发布实现OSPF内可以互通;
7.对边界路由器配置NAT协议从而实现可以对公网的访问;
8.加快收敛改更新时间,保障更新安全,做认证。
四、实验步骤
1.划分IP
area 0
总地址:172.16.0.0/19
用户地址:
172.16.0.0/24--P2P
172.16.1.0/24--MA
172.16.2.0/24--R4(环回)
172.16.3.0/24--R5(环回)
172.16.4.0/24--R6(环回)
172.16.5.0/24--R7(环回)
172.16.6.0/24--隧道
area 1
总地址:172.16.32.0/19
用户地址:
172.16.32.0/24--P2P
172.16.33.0/24--MA
172.16.34.0/24--R1(环回)
172.16.35.0/24--R2(环回)
172.16.36.0/24--R3(环回)
area 2
总地址:172.16.64.0/19
用户地址:
172.16.64.0/24--P2P
172.16.65.0/24--MA
172.16.65.0/30
172.16.65.4/30
172.16.66.0/24--R11(环回)
area 3
总地址:172.16.96.0/19
用户地址:
172.16.96.0/24--P2P
172.16.97.0/24--MA
172.16.97.0/30
172.16.97.4/30
172.16.98.0/24--R8(环回)
area 4
总地址:172.16.128.0/19
用户地址:
172.16.128.0/24--P2P
172.16.129.0/24--MA
172.16.129.0/30
172.16.130.0/24--R9(环回)
172.16.131.0/24--R10(环回)
RIP
172.16.160.0/19
L0:172.16.160.0/24
L1:172.16.161.0/24
2.配置IP
R1
[R1]int g0/0/0
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.33.1 24
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int l0
[R1-LoopBack0]ip add 172.168.34.1 24
R2
[R2]int g0/0/0
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.33.2 24
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int l0
[R2-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.35.2 24
R3
[R3]int g0/0/0
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.33.3 24
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int l0
[R3-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.36.3 24
[R3-LoopBack0]int s4/0/0
[R3-Serial4/0/0]ip add 34.0.0.3 24
R4
[R4-ISP]int s4/0/0
[R4-ISP-Serial4/0/0]ip add 34.0.0.4 24
[R4-ISP-Serial4/0/0]int s4/0/1
[R4-ISP-Serial4/0/1]ip add 45.0.0.4 24
[R4-ISP-Serial4/0/1]int s3/0/0
[R4-ISP-Serial3/0/0]ip add 46.0.0.4 24
[R4-ISP-Serial3/0/0]int g0/0/0
[R4-ISP-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 47.0.0.4 24
[R4-ISP-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int l0
[R4-ISP-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.2.4 24
R5
[R5]int s4/0/0
[R5-Serial4/0/0]ip add 45.0.0.5 24
[R5-Serial4/0/0]int l0
[R5-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.3.5 24
R6
[R6]int s4/0/0
[R6-Serial4/0/0]ip add 46.0.0.6 24
[R6-Serial4/0/0]int g0/0/0
[R6-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.65.1 30
[R6-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int l0
[R6-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.4.6 24
R7
[R7]int g0/0/0
[R7-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 47.0.0.7 24
[R7-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[R7-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 172.16.97.1 30
[R7-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int l0
[R7-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.5.7 24
R8
[R8]int g0/0/0
[R8-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.97.2 30
[R8-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[R8-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 172.16.97.5 30
[R8-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int l0
[R8-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.98.8 24
R9
[R9]int g0/0/0
[R9-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.97.6 30
[R9-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[R9-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 172.16.129.1 30
[R9-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int l0
[R9-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.130.9 24
R10
[R10]INT G0/0/0
[R10-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]IP ADD 172.16.129.2 30
[R10-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int l0
[R10-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.131.10 24
R11
[R11]int g0/0/0
[R11-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.65.2 30
[R11-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[R11-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 172.16.65.5 30
[R11-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int l0
[R11-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.66.11 24
R12
[R12]int g0/0/0
[R12-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.65.6 30
[R12-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int l0
[R12-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.160.12 24
[R12-LoopBack0]int l1
[R12-LoopBack1]ip add 172.16.161.12 24
3.公网通
[R3]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 34.0.0.4
[R5]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 45.0.0.4
[R6]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 46.0.0.4
[R7]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 47.0.0.4
4.私网通
R1
[R1]ospf 1 router-id 1.1.1.1
[R1-ospf-1]a 1
[R1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 172.16.33.0 0.0.0.255
[R1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 172.16.34.0 0.0.0.255
R2
[R2]ospf 1 rou
[R2]ospf 1 router-id 2.2.2.2
[R2-ospf-1]a 1
[R2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]net
[R2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 172.16.33.0 0.0.0.255
[R2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 172.16.35.0 0.0.0.255
R3
[R3]ospf 1 rou
[R3]ospf 1 router-id 3.3.3.3
[R3-ospf-1]a 1
[R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]net 172.16.33.0 0.0.0.255
[R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]net 172.16.36.0 0.0.0.255
R5
[R5]ospf 1 router-id 5.5.5.5
[R5-ospf-1]a 0
[R5-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 172.16.3.0 0.0.0.255
R6
[R6]ospf 1 router-id 6.6.6.6
[R6-ospf-1]a 0
[R6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 172.16.4.0 0.0.0.255
R7
[R7]ospf 1 router-id 7.7.7.7
[R7-ospf-1]a 0
[R7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 172.16.5.0 0.0.0.255
R6
[R6-ospf-1]a 2
[R6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]net 172.16.65.1 0.0.0.0
R11
[R11]ospf 1 router-id 11.11.11.11
[R11-ospf-1]a 2
[R11-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]net 172.16.65.2 0.0.0.0
[R11-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]net 172.16.65.5 0.0.0.0
[R11-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]net 172.16.66.0 0.0.0.255
R12
[R12]ospf 1 router-id 12.12.12.12
[R12-ospf-1]a 2
[R12-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]net 172.16.65.6 0.0.0.0
[R12]rip 1
[R12-rip-1]v 2
[R12-rip-1]undo summary
[R12-rip-1]net 172.16.0.0
[R12]ospf 1
[R12-ospf-1]import-route rip
R7
[R7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]net 172.16.97.1 0.0.0.0
R8
[R8]ospf 1 router-id 8.8.8.8
[R8-ospf-1]a 3
[R8-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]net 172.16.97.2 0.0.0.0
[R8-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]net 172.16.97.5 0.0.0.0
[R8-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]net 172.16.98.0 0.0.0.255
R9
[R9]ospf 1 router-id 9.9.9.9
[R9-ospf-1]a 3
[R9-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]net 172.16.97.6 0.0.0.0
[R9]ospf 2 router-id 9.9.9.9
[R9-ospf-2]a 4
[R9-ospf-2-area-0.0.0.4]net 172.16.129.1 0.0.0.0
[R9-ospf-2-area-0.0.0.4]net 172.16.130.0 0.0.0.255
R10
[R10]ospf 2 router-id 10.10.10.10
[R10-ospf-2]a 4
[R10-ospf-2-area-0.0.0.4]net 172.16.129.2 0.0.0.0
[R10-ospf-2-area-0.0.0.4]net 172.16.131.0 0.0.0.255
5.对R3、R5、R6、R7设备进行MGRE环境的配置,R3为中心站点(建立隧道)
R3
[R3]int t0/0/0
[R3-Tunnel0/0/0]ip add 172.16.6.3 24
[R3-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre p2mp
[R3-Tunnel0/0/0]source 34.0.0.3
[R3-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp network-id 100
[R3-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp entry multicast dynamic
R5
[R5]int t0/0/0
[R5-Tunnel0/0/0]ip add 172.16.6.5 24
[R5-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre p2mp
[R5-Tunnel0/0/0]source s4/0/0
[R5-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp network-id 100
[R5-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp entry 172.16.6.3 34.0.0.3 register
R6
[R6]int t0/0/0
[R6-Tunnel0/0/0]ip add 172.16.6.6 24
[R6-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre p2mp
[R6-Tunnel0/0/0]source s4/0/0
[R6-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp network-id 100
[R6-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp entry 172.16.6.3 34.0.0.3 register
R7
[R7-LoopBack0]int t0/0/0
[R7-Tunnel0/0/0]ip add 172.16.6.7 24
[R7-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre p2mp
[R7-Tunnel0/0/0]source g0/0/0
[R7-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp network-id 100
[R7-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp entry 172.16.6.3 34.0.0.3 register
6.起路由协议,传递私网路由
R3
[R3]ospf 1
[R3-ospf-1]a 0
[R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 172.16.6.0 0.0.0.255
R5
[R5]ospf 1
[R5-ospf-1]a 0
[R5-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 172.16.6.0 0.0.0.255
R6
[R6]ospf 1
[R6-ospf-1]a 0
[R6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 172.16.6.0 0.0.0.255
R7
[R7-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf 1
[R7-ospf-1]a 0
[R7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 172.16.6.0 0.0.0.255
7.更改tunnel接口的接口类型
R3
[R3]int t0/0/0
[R3-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf network-type broadcast
R5
[R5]int t0/0/0
[R5-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf network-type broadcast
R6
[R6]int t0/0/0
[R6-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf network-type broadcast
R7
[R7]int t0/0/0
[R7-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf network-type broadcast
8.取消选举资格(分站点)
R5
[R5]int t0/0/0
[R5-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf dr
[R5-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf dr-priority 0
R6
[R6-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf dr-priority 0
R7
[R7-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf dr-priority 0
路由引入
[R9]ospf 1
[R9-ospf-1]import-route ospf 2
[R9-ospf-1]ospf 2
[R9-ospf-2]import-route ospf 1
[R12]ospf 1
[R12-ospf-1]im
[R12-ospf-1]import-route rip
全网通
9.对边界路由器配置NAT协议从而实现可以对公网的访问
R3
[R3]acl 2000
[R3-acl-basic-2000]rule permit source 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
[R3]int s4/0/0
[R3-Serial4/0/0]nat ou
[R3-Serial4/0/0]nat outbound 2000
R5
[R5]acl 2000
[R5-acl-basic-2000]rule permit source 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
[R5]int s4/0/0
[R5-Serial4/0/0]nat outbound 2000
R6
[R6]acl 2000
[R6-acl-basic-2000]rule permit source 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
[R6-acl-basic-2000]int s4/0/0
[R6-Serial4/0/0]nat outbound 2000
R7
[R7]acl 2000
[R7-acl-basic-2000]rule permit source 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
[R7-acl-basic-2000]int g0/0/0
[R7-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]nat outbound 2000
链路聚合
R3
[R3]ospf 1
[R3-ospf-1]a 1
[R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]abr-summary 172.16.32.0 255.255.224.0
R6
[R6]ospf 1
[R6-ospf-1]a 2
[R6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]abr-summary 172.16.64.0 255.255.224.0
R7
[R7]ospf 1
[R7-ospf-1]a 3
[R7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]abr-summary 172.16.96.0 255.255.224.0
R12
[R12]ospf 1
[R12-ospf-1]asbr-summary 172.16.160.0 255.255.224.0
R9
[R9]ospf 1
[R9-ospf-1]asbr-summary 172.16.128.0 255.255.224.0
区域汇总
[R2]ospf 1
[R2-ospf-1]a 1
[R2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]stub no-summary
[R3]ospf 1
[R3-ospf-1]a 1
[R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]stub no-summary
[R1]ospf 1
[R1-ospf-1]a 1
[R1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]stub no-summary
[R12]ospf 1
[R12-ospf-1]a 2
[R12-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]nssa no-summary
[R11]ospf 1
[R11-ospf-1]a 2
[R11-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]nssa no-summary
[R6]ospf 1
[R6-ospf-1]a 2
[R6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]nssa no-summary
[R7]ospf 1
[R7-ospf-1]a 3
[R7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]nssa no-summary
[R8]ospf 1
[R8-ospf-1]a 3
[R8-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]nssa no-summary
[R9]ospf 1
[R9-ospf-1]a 3
[R9-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]nssa no-summary
默认缺省下发给R10
[R9]ospf 2
[R9-ospf-2]default-route-advertise
10.加快收敛改更新时间,保障更新安全,做认证
[R1]int g0/0/0
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ospf timer hello 5
[R2]int g0/0/0
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ospf timer hello 5
[R3]int g0/0/0
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ospf timer hello 5
[R4-ISP]int s4/0/0
[R4-ISP-Serial4/0/0]ospf timer hello 5
[R4-ISP-Serial4/0/0]int s4/0/1
[R4-ISP-Serial4/0/1]ospf timer hello 5
[R4-ISP-Serial4/0/1]int s3/0/0
[R4-ISP-Serial3/0/0]ospf timer hello 5
[R4-ISP-Serial3/0/0]int g0/0/0
[R4-ISP-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ospf timer hello 5
[R5]int s4/0/0
[R5-Serial4/0/0]ospf timer hello 5
[R6]int s4/0/0
[R6-Serial4/0/0]ospf timer hello 5
[R6-Serial4/0/0]int g0/0/0
[R6-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ospf timer hello 5
[R7]int g0/0/0
[R7-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ospf timer hello 5
[R7-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[R7-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ospf timer hello 5
[R8]int g0/0/0
[R8-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ospf timer hello 5
[R8-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[R8-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ospf timer hello 5
[R9]int g0/0/0
[R9-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ospf timer hello 5
[R9-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[R9-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ospf timer hello 5
[R10]int g0/0/0
[R10-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ospf timer hello 5
[R11]int g0/0/0
[R11-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ospf timer hello 5
[R11-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[R11-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ospf timer hello 5
[R12]int g0/0/0
[R12-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ospf timer hello 5
保证更新安全
[R1]ospf 1
[R1-ospf-1]area 1
[R1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]authentication-mode md5 1 cipher 123
[R2]ospf 1
[R2-ospf-1]area 1
[R2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]authentication-mode md5 1 cipher 123
[R3]ospf 1
[R3-ospf-1]area 1
[R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]authentication-mode md5 1 cipher 123
[R3-ospf-1]area 0
[R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]authentication-mode md5 2 cipher 1234
[R4]ospf 1
[R4-ospf-1]area 0
[R4-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]authentication-mode md5 2 cipher 1234
[R5]ospf 1
[R5-ospf-1]area 0
[R5-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]authentication-mode md5 2 cipher 1234
[R6]ospf 1
[R6-ospf-1]area 0
[R6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]authentication-mode md5 2 cipher 1234
[R6-ospf-1]area 2
[R6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]authentication-mode md5 3 cipher 12345
[R7]ospf 1
[R7-ospf-1]area 0
[R7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]authentication-mode md5 2 cipher 1234
[R7-ospf-1]area 3
[R7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]authentication-mode md5 4 cipher 123456
[R8]ospf 1
[R8-ospf-1]area 3
[R8-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]authentication-mode md5 4 cipher 123456
[R9]ospf 1
[R9-ospf-1]area 3
[R9-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]authentication-mode md5 4 cipher 123456
[R9]ospf 2
[R9-ospf-2]area 4
[R9-ospf-2-area-0.0.0.4]authentication-mode md5 5 cipher 1234567
[R10]ospf 2
[R10-ospf-2]area 4
[R10-ospf-2-area-0.0.0.4]authentication-mode md5 5 cipher 1234567
[R11]ospf 1
[R11-ospf-1]area 2
[R11-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]authentication-mode md5 3 cipher 12345
[R12]ospf 1
[R12-ospf-1]area 2
[R12-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]authentication-mode md5 3 cipher 12345