HCIA实验

1、R6为isp, 接口IP地址均为公有地址;该设备只能配置IP地址，之后不能冉对其进行其他任何配置;

2、R1-R5为局域网，私有Ip地址192.168.1.0/24，请合理分配;

3、R1, R2, R4,各有两个环回地址; R5、R6各有-个环回地址;所有路由器上环回均代表连接用户的接口;

4、R3下的两台Pc通过DHCP自动获取IP地址;

5、选路最佳，路由表尽量小，避免环路;

6、R1- R5均可以访问R6的环回

7、R6telnetR5的公有IP地址时，实际登陆到R1上，

8、R4与R5 正常通过1000M链路，故障时通过100M链路;

步骤1---分配IP
        192.168.1.0/24

骨干

                192.168.1.0/27

                192.168.1.0/30

                192.168.1.4/30

                192.168.1.8/30

                192.168.1.12/30

                192.168.1.16/30

                192.168.1.20/30

                192.168.1.24/30

                192.168.1.28/30

R1

        192.168.1.32/27

                192.168.1.32/28

                192.168.1.48/28

R2

        192.168.1.64/27

                192.168.1.64/28

                192.168.1.80/28

R3

        192.168.1.96/27

R4

        192.168.1.128/27

                192.168.1.128/28

                192.168.1.144/28

R5

        192.168.1.160/27

举例（R1）

[R1]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 192.168.1.1 30
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g 0/0/1
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 192.168.1.5 30
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]q
 
[R1]interface loopback 0
[R1-LoopBack0]ip address 192.168.1.33 28
[R1-LoopBack0]interface loopback 1
[R1-LoopBack1]ip address 192.168.1.49 28

R2

R3

R4

R5

R6

步骤2---用DHCP自动获取IP

[R3]dhcp enable 
[R3]ip pool aa
[R3-ip-pool-aa]network 192.168.1.97 mask 27
[R3-ip-pool-aa]gateway-list 192.168.1.97
[R3-ip-pool-aa]dns-list 8.8.8.8
[R3-ip-pool-aa]in g 0/0/2
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]dhcp select global 

测试

PC1

PC2

步骤5（选路最佳，路由表尽量小；R4与R5 正常通过1000M链路，故障时通过100M链路;）

R1

[R1]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.2
[R1]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.6
 
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 27 192.168.1.2
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.8 30 192.168.1.2
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.12 30 192.168.1.6
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.96 27 192.168.1.6

R2

[R2]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.10
 
[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.96 27 192.168.1.10
[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.96 27 192.168.1.1
[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.4 30 192.168.1.1
[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 27 192.168.1.1

R3

[R3]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.14
 
[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 27 192.168.1.14
[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 27 192.168.1.5
[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 30 192.168.1.5
[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 27 192.168.1.5
 

R4

[R4]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.18
[R4]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.22 preference 70
 
[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 27 192.168.1.9
[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.96 27 192.168.1.13
[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 30 192.168.1.9
[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.4 30 192.168.1.13
[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 27 192.168.1.9
[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 27 192.168.1.13

R5

[R5]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 12.0.0.2
 
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 24 192.168.1.17
[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 24 192.168.1.21 preference 70

测试

步骤6---（避免环路）

[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 27 NULL 0

[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 27 NULL 0

[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 27 NULL 0

步骤7（R1- R5均可以访问R6的环回）

[R5]acl 2000
[R5-acl-basic-2000]rule permit source 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255
[R5]int g 0/0/1
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]nat outbound 2000

测试

步骤8（R6telnetR5的公有IP地址时，实际登陆到R1上）

[R1]telnet server enable

[R1]user-interface vty 0 4

[R1-ui-vty0-4]authentication-mode aaa

[R1-ui-vty0-4]quit

[R1]aaa

[R1-aaa]local-user huawei password cipher 123456

[R1-aaa]local-user huawei privilege level 15

[R1-aaa]local-user huawei service-type telnet
 

[R5]int g 0/0/1

[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]nat server protocol tcp global current-interface 23 inside 192.168.1.1