python argparse用法

主要参考了https://www.cnblogs.com/yymn/p/8056487.html by 菜鸡一枚

demo1

import argparse
parser = argparse.ArgumentParser()
parser.add_argument('echo')
args = parser.parse_args()
print(args.echo)

python a.py x就会输出ｘ，但是ｘ必须有，ｘ可以是字符串或者数字等等．如果写成’-echo’那么不加ｘ也行，这样会输出none

demo2

import argparse
parser = argparse.ArgumentParser()
parser.add_argument("-v","--verbosity", help="increase output verbosity")
args = parser.parse_args()
if args.verbosity:
   print("verbosity turned on")

• python a.py　无输出
• python a.py -v 报错
• python a.py -v 3 输出verbosity turned on
  如果想让python a.py -v也输出verbosity turned on可以将第三行改成：
  parser.add_argument("-v","--verbosity", help="increase output verbosity", action='store_true')

demo3

import argparse
parser = argparse.ArgumentParser()
parser.add_argument('x', type=int, help='the base')
args = parser.parse_args()
print(args.x ** 2)

• python a.py 3　输出９
• python a.py three 报错

demo4

import argparse
parser = argparse.ArgumentParser()
parser.add_argument('square', type=int, help='square')
parser.add_argument('-v', '--ver',type=int, choices=[1, 2, 3], help='v')
args = parser.parse_args()

if args.ver == 1:
    print('the square of {} equals {}'.format(args.square, args.square**2))
elif args.ver == 2:
    print('{}^2 equals {}'.format(args.square, args.square**2))
else:
    print('...here')

• python b.py -v 1 3
  the square of 3 equals 9
• python b.py -v 2 3
  3^2 equals 9
• python b.py 3 -v 3
  …here

demo5

import argparse
parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description='calculate X to the power of Y')

group = parser.add_mutually_exclusive_group()
group.add_argument('-v', '--verbose', action='store_true')
group.add_argument('-q', '--quiet', action='store_true')

parser.add_argument('x', type=int, help='the base')
parser.add_argument('y', type=int, help='the exponent')
args = parser.parse_args()
answer = args.x ** args.y

if args.quiet:
    print(answer)
elif args.verbose:
    print("{} to the power {} equals {}".format(args.x, args.y, answer))
else:
    print("{}^{} == {}".format(args.x, args.y, answer))

可以看出，-q和-v不出现，或仅出现一个都可以，同时出现就会报错。