C++笔记：父类中声明为虚函数，子类重写后为虚函数

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前言

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父类中声明为虚函数，子类重写后为虚函数

代码

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
struct Animal {
	
	 void speak() {
		cout << "Animal::speak()" << endl;
	}
	 void run() {
		cout << "Animal::run()" << endl;
	}
};

struct Cat :Animal {
	
	virtual void speak() {
		cout << "Cat::speak()" << endl;
	}
	virtual void run() {
		cout << "Cat::run()" << endl;
	}
	
};

struct WhiteCat :Cat {

	virtual void speak() {
		cout << "WhiteCat::speak()" << endl;
	}
	virtual void run() {
		cout << "WhiteCat::run()" << endl;
	}
};


int main()
{

	Animal* cat = new WhiteCat();
	
	cat->speak();
	cat->run();

	Cat* cat0 = new WhiteCat();

	cat0->speak();
	cat0->run();

	WhiteCat* cat1 = new WhiteCat();

	cat1->speak();
	cat1->run();
	//getchar();
	return 0;
}

out为

Animal::speak()
Animal::run()
WhiteCat::speak()
WhiteCat::run()
WhiteCat::speak()
WhiteCat::run()

查看汇编代码

40: 	cat->speak();
00A268D5  mov         ecx,dword ptr [cat]  
00A268D8  call        Animal::speak (0A21596h)  
    41: 	cat->run();
00A268DD  mov         ecx,dword ptr [cat]  
00A268E0  call        std::basic_ostream<char,std::char_traits<char> >::sentry::~sentry (0A2159Bh)  

std::basic_ostream<char,std::char_traits<char> >::sentry::~sentry:
00A2159B  jmp         Animal::run (0A225A0h)  

以及

50: 	cat1->speak();
00A269A2  mov         eax,dword ptr [cat1]  
00A269A5  mov         edx,dword ptr [eax]  
00A269A7  mov         esi,esp  
00A269A9  mov         ecx,dword ptr [cat1]  
00A269AC  mov         eax,dword ptr [edx]  
00A269AE  call        eax  //跳转 00A215A5
00A269B0  cmp         esi,esp  
00A269B2  call        __RTC_CheckEsp (0A212F8h)  
    51: 	cat1->run();
00A269B7  mov         eax,dword ptr [cat1]  
00A269BA  mov         edx,dword ptr [eax]  
00A269BC  mov         esi,esp  
00A269BE  mov         ecx,dword ptr [cat1]  
00A269C1  mov         eax,dword ptr [edx+4]  
00A269C4  call        eax  //跳转 00A215A0
00A269C6  cmp         esi,esp  
00A269C8  call        __RTC_CheckEsp (0A212F8h)  

00A215A5  jmp         WhiteCat::speak (0A21AF0h)

00A215A0  jmp         WhiteCat::run (0A22680h)  

子类调用父类的成员函数

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
struct Animal {
	
	 void speak() {
		cout << "Animal::speak()" << endl;
	}
	 void run() {
		cout << "Animal::run()" << endl;
	}
};

struct Cat :Animal {
	
	virtual void speak() {		
		cout << "Cat::speak()" << endl;
	}
	virtual void run() {
		cout << "Cat::run()" << endl;
	}
	
};

struct WhiteCat :Cat {

	 void speak() {
		Cat::speak();
		cout << "WhiteCat::speak()" << endl;
	}
	 void run() {
		cout << "WhiteCat::run()" << endl;
	}
};


int main()
{

	Animal* cat = new WhiteCat();
	
	cat->speak();
	cat->run();

	Cat* cat0 = new WhiteCat();

	cat0->speak();
	cat0->run();

	WhiteCat* cat1 = new WhiteCat();

	cat1->speak();
	cat1->run();
	//getchar();
	return 0;
}

out为

Animal::speak()
Animal::run()
Cat::speak()
WhiteCat::speak()
WhiteCat::run()
Cat::speak()
WhiteCat::speak()
WhiteCat::run()