Direct3D成长日记（03）：模型视图投影变换

Direct3D成长日记（03）：模型视图投影变换

 

源码：

//
//作者        ：shenzi
//完成时间    ：2009.05.07
//说明        ：Direct3D成长日记（03）：模型视图投影变换。
//

//包含头文件，相应库：
#include <windows.h>
#include <d3d9.h>
#include <d3dx9.h>

#pragma comment(lib,"d3d9.lib")
#pragma comment (lib, "d3dx9.lib")

//全局变量声明：
LPDIRECT3D9            g_pD3D = NULL;        //Direct3D接口指针
LPDIRECT3DDEVICE9    g_pD3DDevice = NULL;//Direct3D设备指针
LPDIRECT3DVERTEXBUFFER9        g_pVBuffer = NULL; //顶点缓存

#define WINDOW_CLASS_NAME    L"Direct3D"
#define WINDOW_NAME            L"Direct3DBasics Tutorial"

#define SCREEN_WIDTH    800
#define SCREEN_HEIGHT    600

//顶点结构
struct CUSTOMVERTEX
{
    FLOAT X, Y ,Z;
    DWORD COLOR;
};

#define CUSTOMFVF (D3DFVF_XYZ | D3DFVF_DIFFUSE)

//函数声明：
HRESULT InitD3D( HWND);            //初始化Direct3D
void RenderFrame( void);        //场景渲染
void CleanD3D( void);            //释放资源
HRESULT InitGraphics(void);        //初始化图形
void SetupMatrices(void);            //模型视图投影矩阵设置

//WINDOWS 消息处理函数：
LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc( HWND, UINT, WPARAM, LPARAM);

//WinMain函数：
int WINAPI WinMain( HINSTANCE hInstance,
                   HINSTANCE hprevInstance,
                   LPSTR lpCmdLine,
                   int nCmdShow)
{
    //变量声明：
    HWND hwnd;
    MSG msg;
    WNDCLASSEX wc;

    ZeroMemory(&wc, sizeof(WNDCLASSEX));

    //创建窗口类
    wc.cbClsExtra        = 0;
    wc.cbSize            = sizeof(WNDCLASSEX);
    wc.cbWndExtra        = 0;
    wc.hbrBackground    = (HBRUSH)GetStockObject(BLACK_BRUSH);
    wc.hCursor            = LoadCursor( NULL, IDC_ARROW);
    wc.hIcon            = LoadIcon( NULL, IDI_APPLICATION);
    wc.hInstance        = hInstance;
    wc.lpfnWndProc        = WndProc;
    wc.lpszClassName    = WINDOW_CLASS_NAME;
    wc.lpszMenuName        = NULL;
    wc.style            = CS_HREDRAW | CS_VREDRAW;

    //注册窗口类
    RegisterClassEx(&wc);

    //初始化窗口
    hwnd = CreateWindowEx(    NULL,
        WINDOW_CLASS_NAME,
        WINDOW_NAME,
        WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW,
        CW_USEDEFAULT,
        CW_USEDEFAULT,
        SCREEN_WIDTH,
        SCREEN_HEIGHT,
        NULL, NULL, hInstance, NULL);

    //显示,更新窗口：
    ShowWindow(hwnd, nCmdShow);
    UpdateWindow(hwnd);

    InitD3D(hwnd);


    ZeroMemory(&msg, sizeof(MSG));

    //消息循环：
    while( msg.message != WM_QUIT )
    {
        if( PeekMessage( &msg, NULL, 0U, 0U, PM_REMOVE ) )
        {
            TranslateMessage( &msg );
            DispatchMessage( &msg );
        }
        else
            RenderFrame();
    }

    UnregisterClass( WINDOW_CLASS_NAME, wc.hInstance );
    return 0;

}

LRESULT WINAPI WndProc( HWND hWnd, UINT msg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam )
{
    switch( msg )
    {
    case WM_DESTROY:
        CleanD3D();
        PostQuitMessage( 0 );
        return 0;
    }

    return DefWindowProc( hWnd, msg, wParam, lParam );
}

HRESULT InitD3D(HWND hwnd)
{
    //创建D3D对象：
    if (NULL == (g_pD3D = Direct3DCreate9(D3D_SDK_VERSION)))
    {
        return E_FAIL;
    }

    //定义窗口的显示信息：
    D3DPRESENT_PARAMETERS d3dpp;
    ZeroMemory( &d3dpp, sizeof(d3dpp));

    d3dpp.Windowed = TRUE;
    d3dpp.SwapEffect = D3DSWAPEFFECT_DISCARD;
    d3dpp.hDeviceWindow = hwnd;

    //创建D3D设备：
    if(FAILED(g_pD3D->CreateDevice(D3DADAPTER_DEFAULT,   
        D3DDEVTYPE_HAL,
        hwnd,
        D3DCREATE_SOFTWARE_VERTEXPROCESSING,
        &d3dpp,
        &g_pD3DDevice)))
    {
        return E_FAIL;
    }

    InitGraphics();

    g_pD3DDevice->SetRenderState(D3DRS_LIGHTING, FALSE);
    g_pD3DDevice->SetRenderState(D3DRS_CULLMODE, D3DCULL_NONE);

    return S_OK;
}
void RenderFrame(void)
{
    if(NULL == g_pD3DDevice)
        return;
    //清空背景缓冲区：
    g_pD3DDevice->Clear( 0, NULL, D3DCLEAR_TARGET, D3DCOLOR_XRGB(0, 0, 0), 1.0f, 0);


    if(SUCCEEDED(g_pD3DDevice->BeginScene()))
    {
        //渲染场景：
        //设置顶点结构：
        g_pD3DDevice->SetFVF(CUSTOMFVF);

        SetupMatrices();

        //选取要显示的顶点
        g_pD3DDevice->SetStreamSource(0, g_pVBuffer, 0, sizeof(CUSTOMVERTEX));

        //绘制图元
        g_pD3DDevice->DrawPrimitive(D3DPT_TRIANGLESTRIP, 0, 1);

        g_pD3DDevice->EndScene();
    }
    //把渲染的场景显示在窗口：
    g_pD3DDevice->Present(NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL);

}
void CleanD3D(void)
{
    //释放资源
    if (NULL != g_pVBuffer)
    {
        g_pVBuffer->Release();
    }
    if(NULL != g_pD3DDevice)
        g_pD3DDevice->Release();
    if(NULL != g_pD3D)
        g_pD3D->Release();

    g_pVBuffer = NULL;
    g_pD3DDevice = NULL;
    g_pD3D = NULL;
}

HRESULT InitGraphics(void)
{
    //定义顶点数组
    CUSTOMVERTEX vertices[] =
    {
        {  -2.0f, -2.0f, 0.0f, 0xffff0000,},
        {   0.0f,  2.0f, 0.0f, 0xff00ff00,},
        {   2.0f, -2.0f, 0.0f, 0xff0000ff,},
    };

    //建立顶点缓存
    if (FAILED(g_pD3DDevice->CreateVertexBuffer(sizeof(vertices),
        0,
        CUSTOMFVF,
        D3DPOOL_MANAGED,
        &g_pVBuffer,
        NULL)))
    {
        return E_FAIL;
    }

    //通过Lock，Unlock 为顶点缓存填充数据（顶点信息）：
    VOID * pV;

    if(FAILED(g_pVBuffer->Lock(0,
        sizeof(vertices),
        (void**)&pV,
        0)))
    {
        return E_FAIL;
    }
    memcpy(pV, vertices, sizeof(vertices));

    g_pVBuffer->Unlock();

}

void SetupMatrices(void)
{
    //投影变换
    D3DXMATRIX matProjection;

    D3DXMatrixPerspectiveFovLH(&matProjection,
        D3DX_PI/4,
        (FLOAT)SCREEN_WIDTH/(FLOAT)SCREEN_HEIGHT,
        0.1f,
        100.0f);
   
    //别忘了把变换后的矩阵应用于相应设备对应变换。
    g_pD3DDevice->SetTransform(D3DTS_PROJECTION, &matProjection);

    //视图变换
    D3DXMATRIX matView;

    D3DXVECTOR3 pEye(0.0f, 0.0f, -10.0f);
    D3DXVECTOR3 pAt (0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f);
    D3DXVECTOR3 pUp (0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f);

    D3DXMatrixLookAtLH(&matView,
        &pEye,
        &pAt,
        &pUp);

    g_pD3DDevice->SetTransform(D3DTS_VIEW, &matView);

    //模型变换
    D3DXMATRIX matWorld;
    D3DXMATRIX matRotX, matRotY, matRotZ;
    D3DXMATRIX matTanslate;
    D3DXMATRIX matScale;

    static FLOAT angle = 0.0, scale = 1.0, distance = 0.0;

    angle += 0.05;
    distance += 0.005;
    scale += 0.0005;
    if (distance >= 5.0)
    {
        distance = 0.0f;
        scale = 1.0;
    }

    //绕相应轴做旋转变换。
    D3DXMatrixRotationY(&matRotX, angle);
    D3DXMatrixRotationX(&matRotY, angle);
    D3DXMatrixRotationZ(&matRotZ, angle);

    //坐标平移操作。
    D3DXMatrixTranslation(&matTanslate, 0.0f, 0.0f, distance );

    //相应轴的放大缩小。
    D3DXMatrixScaling(&matScale, scale, scale, scale);

    //注意矩阵相乘的顺序！！！
    matWorld = matRotX * matRotY * matRotZ * matTanslate * matScale   ;

    g_pD3DDevice->SetTransform(D3DTS_WORLD, &matWorld);

}
结果：