慢慢欣赏linux HZ与时钟中断频率的关联

内核可以灵活配置HZ为100、250或者1000。而时钟中断触发的频度为HZ。
两者是如何关联的呢？

以X86传统的PIT为例。
先看一下初始化。

static void init_pit_timer(enum clock_event_mode mode, struct clock_event_device *evt)
	switch (mode) 
	case CLOCK_EVT_MODE_PERIODIC:
		/* binary, mode 2, LSB/MSB, ch 0 */
		outb_pit(0x34, PIT_MODE);
		outb_pit(LATCH & 0xff , PIT_CH0);	/* LSB */
			/* LATCH is used in the interval timer and ftape setup. */
			/*#define LATCH  ((CLOCK_TICK_RATE + HZ/2) / HZ)*/	/* For divider */
			//设置DEC中断触发的频度，与HZ相关。
		outb_pit(LATCH >> 8 , PIT_CH0);		/* MSB */
		break;

时钟中断过了HZ会调用time_interrupt中断处理函数，而在时钟中断会调用如下函数

void tick_handle_periodic(struct clock_event_device *dev)
	clockevents_program_event(dev, next, ktime_get())
		=>delta = ktime_to_ns(ktime_sub(expires, now));

		if (delta <= 0)
			return -ETIME;

		dev->next_event = expires;

		if (dev->mode == CLOCK_EVT_MODE_SHUTDOWN)
			return 0;

		if (delta > dev->max_delta_ns)
			delta = dev->max_delta_ns;
		if (delta < dev->min_delta_ns)
			delta = dev->min_delta_ns;

		clc = delta * dev->mult;//mult和shift跟HZ强相关
		clc >>= dev->shift;
		return dev->set_next_event((unsigned long) clc, dev);
		//.set_next_event = pit_next_event,
			对于X86来说
			=>int pit_next_event(unsigned long delta, struct clock_event_device *evt)
				outb_pit(delta & 0xff , PIT_CH0);	/* LSB */
				outb_pit(delta >> 8 , PIT_CH0);		/* MSB */
			对于PPC来说
			=>int decrementer_set_next_event(unsigned long evt, struct clock_event_device *dev)
				__get_cpu_var(decrementers).next_tb = get_tb_or_rtc() + evt;
				set_dec(evt);

Linux内部的时钟处理机制全面剖析
http://os.51cto.com/art/200709/89522_all.htm

linux kernel 时钟系统的前世今生
https://blog.csdn.net/skyflying2012/article/details/44727409

linux调度器源码分析 - 运行(四)
https://www.cnblogs.com/tolimit/p/4335681.html

linux HZ Tick Jiffies
https://blog.csdn.net/bdc995/article/details/4144031

关于linux中定时器timer的宏定义LATCH的解释
http://blog.chinaunix.net/uid-23951161-id-206711.html

Linux内核的时钟中断（2）
https://blog.csdn.net/m617105/article/details/40921087

把握linux内核设计思想（六）：内核时钟中断
https://blog.csdn.net/shallnet/article/details/47132861