Unity Shader 高级纹理 渲染纹理 玻璃效果

 当我们早 Shader 中定义了一个 GrabPass 后， Unity 会把当前屏幕的图像绘制在一张纹理中，以便我们在后续的 Pass 中访问。

使用 GrabPass 的时候，我们要小心物体的渲染队列设置。我们往往需要把渲染队列设置成透明队列。

Shader "MyShader/GlassRefraction"
{
    Properties{
        _MainTex("Main Tex", 2D) = "white" {}
        _BumpMap("Normal Map", 2D) = "bump" {}
        _Cubemap("Environment Cubemap", Cube) = "_Skybox" {}
        _Distortion("Distortion", Range(0, 100)) = 10
        _RefractAmount("Refract Amount", Range(0.0, 1.0)) = 1.0
    }
        SubShader{
            // We must be transparent, so other objects are drawn before this one.
            Tags { "Queue" = "Transparent" "RenderType" = "Opaque" }

            // This pass grabs the screen behind the object into a texture.
            // We can access the result in the next pass as _RefractionTex
            GrabPass { "_RefractionTex" }

            Pass {
                CGPROGRAM

                #pragma vertex vert
                #pragma fragment frag

                #include "UnityCG.cginc"

                sampler2D _MainTex;
                float4 _MainTex_ST;
                sampler2D _BumpMap;
                float4 _BumpMap_ST;
                samplerCUBE _Cubemap;
                float _Distortion;
                fixed _RefractAmount;
                sampler2D _RefractionTex;
                float4 _RefractionTex_TexelSize;

                struct a2v {
                    float4 vertex : POSITION;
                    float3 normal : NORMAL;
                    float4 tangent : TANGENT;
                    float2 texcoord: TEXCOORD0;
                };

                struct v2f {
                    float4 pos : SV_POSITION;
                    float4 scrPos : TEXCOORD0;
                    float4 uv : TEXCOORD1;
                    float4 TtoW0 : TEXCOORD2;
                    float4 TtoW1 : TEXCOORD3;
                    float4 TtoW2 : TEXCOORD4;
                };

                v2f vert(a2v v) {
                    v2f o;
                    o.pos = UnityObjectToClipPos(v.vertex);

                    o.scrPos = ComputeGrabScreenPos(o.pos);

                    o.uv.xy = TRANSFORM_TEX(v.texcoord, _MainTex);
                    o.uv.zw = TRANSFORM_TEX(v.texcoord, _BumpMap);

                    float3 worldPos = mul(unity_ObjectToWorld, v.vertex).xyz;
                    fixed3 worldNormal = UnityObjectToWorldNormal(v.normal);
                    fixed3 worldTangent = UnityObjectToWorldDir(v.tangent.xyz);
                    fixed3 worldBinormal = cross(worldNormal, worldTangent) * v.tangent.w;

                    o.TtoW0 = float4(worldTangent.x, worldBinormal.x, worldNormal.x, worldPos.x);
                    o.TtoW1 = float4(worldTangent.y, worldBinormal.y, worldNormal.y, worldPos.y);
                    o.TtoW2 = float4(worldTangent.z, worldBinormal.z, worldNormal.z, worldPos.z);

                    return o;
                }

                fixed4 frag(v2f i) : SV_Target {
                    float3 worldPos = float3(i.TtoW0.w, i.TtoW1.w, i.TtoW2.w);
                    fixed3 worldViewDir = normalize(UnityWorldSpaceViewDir(worldPos));

                    // Get the normal in tangent space
                    fixed3 bump = UnpackNormal(tex2D(_BumpMap, i.uv.zw));

                    // Compute the offset in tangent space
                    float2 offset = bump.xy * _Distortion * _RefractionTex_TexelSize.xy;
                    i.scrPos.xy = offset * i.scrPos.z + i.scrPos.xy;
                    fixed3 refrCol = tex2D(_RefractionTex, i.scrPos.xy / i.scrPos.w).rgb;

                    // Convert the normal to world space
                    bump = normalize(half3(dot(i.TtoW0.xyz, bump), dot(i.TtoW1.xyz, bump), dot(i.TtoW2.xyz, bump)));
                    fixed3 reflDir = reflect(-worldViewDir, bump);
                    fixed4 texColor = tex2D(_MainTex, i.uv.xy);
                    fixed3 reflCol = texCUBE(_Cubemap, reflDir).rgb * texColor.rgb;

                    fixed3 finalColor = reflCol * (1 - _RefractAmount) + refrCol * _RefractAmount;

                    return fixed4(finalColor, 1);
                }

                ENDCG
            }
        }

            FallBack "Diffuse"
}

其中，_MainTex是该玻璃的材质纹理，默认为白色；_BumpMap是玻璃的法线纹理；_Cubemap是用于模拟反射的环境纹理；_Distortion控制模拟折射时图像的扭曲程度；_RefractAmount用于控制折射程度，为0时该玻璃只包含反射效果，为1时只包含折射效果。

ComputeGrabScreenPos 函数来得到对应被抓取的屏幕的采样坐标。

参考 我买的 unity shader 入门精要