OpenCV——图片提取合成，字体，水印添加

一、数组加减法

import cv2
import numpy as np
x = np.uint8([[250],[180]])
y = np.uint8([[10],[20]])
print(cv2.add(x,y))  #加法
'''输出
[[255]
 [200]  因为0-255之间'''
print(cv2.subtract(x,y))  #减法

二、图像自身加减

import cv2
import numpy as np

img1 = cv2.imread("11.jpg")
img2 = np.uint8(img1*0.5)   #运算后必须用uint8()规范化
img3 = cv2.add(img1,img2)   #像素变为原来的1.5倍
# img4 = cv2.subtract(img1,img2)  #减法

cv2.imshow("",img3)
# cv2.imshow("",img4)
cv2.waitKey(0)

三、图像合成

import cv2
import numpy as np

img1 = cv2.imread("14.PNG")
img2 = cv2.imread("8.jpg")
img2 = cv2.resize(img2,(img1.shape[1],img1.shape[0]))   #将读入的img2转为和img1同样大小
# img3 = cv2.add(img1,img2)
img3 = cv2.add(np.uint8(img1*0.5),np.uint8(img2*0.6))  #加法  #分别调整每一张的亮度
# img3 = cv2.divide(np.uint8(img1*0.5),np.uint8(img2*0.6))
# img3 = cv2.multiply(np.uint8(img1*0.5),np.uint8(img2*0.6))

cv2.imshow("",img3)
cv2.waitKey(0)
cv2.destroyAllWindows()
# print(img1.shape,img2.shape)

四、合成法添加字体

img1 = cv2.imread("14.PNG")
img2 = np.uint8(np.random.randn(img1.shape[0],img1.shape[1],img1.shape[2]))  #噪声，加在图片上
img3 = np.uint8(np.zeros([img1.shape[0],img1.shape[1],img1.shape[2]]))   #透明图片
cv2.putText(img3,"a cute cat",(700,100),cv2.FONT_HERSHEY_COMPLEX,3,(0, 0, 255), 7,lineType=cv2.LINE_AA)   #加字体
dst = cv2.addWeighted(img1,1,img3,0.5,0)  #将图片1和3加起来
# mm = cv2.addWeighted(dst,1,img2,0.5,0)
# cv2.imshow("",img1)
# cv2.imshow("",img2)
# cv2.imshow("",img3)
cv2.imwrite("hh.jpg",img3)
cv2.imshow("",dst)
cv2.waitKey(0)
cv2.destroyAllWindows()

五、为图片添加掩码

import cv2
img1 = cv2.imread('14.PNG')
img2 = cv2.imread('hh.jpg')
img2gray = cv2.cvtColor(img2, cv2.COLOR_BGR2GRAY)  #转灰度图
ret, mask = cv2.threshold(img2gray, 10, 255, cv2.THRESH_BINARY)   #二值化（此时为黑底白字）
mask_inv = cv2.bitwise_not(mask)#位运算取反，（此时变为白底黑字）
# cv2.imshow("mask_inv",mask)
cv2.imshow("mask_inv",mask_inv)
# 利用掩膜（mask）进行“与”操作，即掩膜图像白色区域是对需要处理图像像素的保留，黑色区域是对需要处理图像像素的剔除。
img1_bg = cv2.bitwise_and(img1, img1, mask=mask_inv)#掩码遮蔽
cv2.imshow("img1_bg",img1_bg)
dst = cv2.add(img1_bg, img2)
cv2.imshow('res', dst)
cv2.waitKey(0)