Python基础-使用__slots__

slots

定义一个特殊的slots变量，来限制该class实例能添加的属性

不带 slots 的demo

示例

#!/usr/bin/env python3
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# __slots__

class Student1(object):
    pass

def runTest1():
    s = Student1()
    s.name = "蜡笔小新"
    s.age = 6
    s.score = 100
    print("%s:%d:%d"%(s.name, s.age,s.score))

runTest1()

运行结果

D:\PythonProject\sustudy>python main.py
蜡笔小新:6:100

带 slots 的demo

示例

class Student2(object):
    # 用tuple定义允许绑定的属性名称
    __slots__ = ('name', 'age') 

def runTest2():
    s = Student2()
    s.name = "蜡笔小新"
    s.age = 6
    s.score = 100
    print("%s:%d:%d"%(s.name, s.age,s.score))


runTest2()

运行结果

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "main.py", line 30, in <module>
    runTest2()
  File "main.py", line 27, in runTest2
    print("%s:%d:%d"%(s.name, s.age,s.score))
AttributeError: 'Student2' object has no attribute 'score'

由于限制了属性只有(‘name’, ‘age’) ，其他的属性将被限制（has no attribute ‘score’）