学习C++编程 个人记录

1. 我的第一个C++程序

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
	cout << "This is a C++ program.";
	return 0;
} 

2. 求 $a$ 与 $b$ 两数之和

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
	int a, b, sum;
	cin >> a >> b;
	sum = a + b;
	cout<< "a + b =" << sum << endl;
	return 0; 
}

3. 求两数之中的较大者

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
	int max(int x, int y); //对max函数进行声明
	int a, b, m;
	cin >> a >> b;
	m = max(a, b);
	cout << "max=" << m << "\n";
	return 0;
}

int max(int x, int y)
{
	int z;
	if(x > y){
		z = x;
	}
	else{
		z = y;
	}
	return z;
}

4. 将$"China"$译成密码，译码规律是：用原来字母后面的第4个字母代替原来的字母．
   例如，字母$"A"$后面第$4$个字母是$"E"$，$“E"代替"A”$。因此，$“China"$应译为$"Glmre”$。请编一程序，用赋初值的方法使$c1、c2、c3、c4、c5$五个变量的值分别为，$’C’、’h’、’i’、’n’、’a’$，经过运算，使$c1、c2、c3、c4、c5$分别变为$’G’、’l’、’m’、’r’、’e’$，并输出。

例： 输入$China$

输出$Glmre$

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
	char c1 = 'C', c2 = 'h', c3 = 'i', c4 = 'n', c5 = 'a'; 
	//赋初值的方法
	c1 = c1 + 4;
	c2 = c2 + 4;
	c3 = c3 + 4;
	c4 = c4 + 4;
	c5 = c5 + 4;
	cout << c1 << c2 << c3 << c4 << c5 << endl; 
	return 0;
} 

5. 计算三角形面积。

#include <iostream>
#include <cmath>
#include <iomanip>
using namespace std;
int main()
{ 
	double a, b, c;
	double area, p; 
	//为减少编译错误，此两个变量的定义可以放到if语句里面，成局部定义 
	cout << "Input the side length(a, b and c), Please" << '\n';
	cin >> a >> b >> c;
	p = (a + b + c) / 2;
	if(a + b > c && a + c > b && b + c > a){
		area = sqrt(p * (p - a) * (p - b) * (p - c) );
		cout << setiosflags(ios::fixed) << setprecision(4);
		cout << "area= " << area << endl;
	}
	else{
		cout << "It's not a triangle." << endl;
	} 
	return 0;
	
}

6. 判断一年是否为闰年。

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
	int year;
	bool leap;
	cout << "Input one year: " << endl;
	cin >> year;
	if(year %4 ==0){
		if (year % 100 != 0){
			leap = true;
		}
		else{
			if(year % 400 == 0){
				leap = true;
			} 
			else{
				leap = false;
			}
		}
	}  
	else{
		leap = false;
	}
	if (leap == true){
		cout << year << " it's a leap year." << endl;
	}
	else{
		cout << year << " it's not a leap year." << endl;
	}
	return 0;
} 

7. 求$\pi$的近似值。
   $$\frac{\pi }{4}=1-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{5}-\frac{1}{7}+...$$

#include <iostream>
#include <iomanip> // 本编程未用该项 小数点没有规范多少位
#include <cmath> 
using namespace std;
int main()
{
	int flag = 1; // 标志位 
	double sum = 0, i = 1, temp = 1, pi;
	while(fabs(temp) >= 1e-7)
	{
		temp = flag / i;
		sum = sum + temp;
		i = i + 2;
		flag = -flag; // 下一项符号与当前项相反 
	}
	pi = 4*sum;
	cout << "pi= " << pi << endl;
	return 0;
	
} 

9. 求$Fibonacci$前$40$个数.

#include <iostream>
#include <iomanip>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
	int f1 = 1, f2 = 1;
	for(int i = 1; i <= 20; i++)
	{		
		cout << setw(12) << f1 << setw(12) << f2; // 每次输出两个数 
		
		if (i % 2 == 0){
			cout << endl;
		} 
		f1 = f2 + f1;
		f2 = f1 + f2;	
	}  
	return 0;
}

10. 给出一个百分之的成绩，要求输出成绩等级$$‘A’，‘B’，‘C’，‘D’，‘E’。$$
    $90$分以上为$‘A’，80$分以上为$‘B’，70$~$79$分为$‘C’,60$~$69$分为$‘D’，60$分以下为$‘E’。$

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
	int grade; 
	cout << "input one number at 0~100, please. " << "\n";
	cin >> grade;
	if (grade < 0 || grade > 100){
		cout << "input error. Run again, please.";
	}
	else{
	grade = grade / 10;
	switch(grade)
	{
		case 10: 
		case 9: cout << "A"; break; 
		case 8: cout << "B"; break; 
		case 7: cout << "C"; break; 
		case 6: cout << "D"; break; 
		default: cout << "E"; break;
	}
	}
	return 0;
	
} 

11. 水仙花数

#include <iostream>
#include <cmath>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
	int num;
	int a, b ,c;
	for(num = 100; num <= 999; num++)
	{
	    a = num / 100;
	    b = (num - a * 100) / 10;
	    c = (num - a * 100 - b * 10);
	    if(pow(a, 3) + pow(b, 3) + pow(c, 3) == num)
		{
		    cout << "this is a 水仙花数= " << num << endl << '\n';
		}
    }
	return 0;
}