七十九、MySQL——MySQL50道练习题（每题都有答案哦）

show databases ;
use schoolSql;

create  table  if not exists  student(
    stu_id int(10),
    stu_name  varchar(10),
    stu_age  datetime,
    stu_gender  varchar(10)
);

insert  into student values
('1','刘邦','1000-01-01','男'),
('2','吕雉','1000-01-02','女'),
('3','项羽','1000-01-03','男'),
('4','虞姬','1000-01-04','女');

create  table  if not exists  course(
    cou_id int(10),
    cou_name  varchar(10),
    tea_id  int(10)
);

insert into  course values
('1','语文','2'),
('2','数学','3'),
('3','英语','1');


create  table  if not exists  teacher(
    tea_id int(10) primary key ,
    tea_name varchar(20)
);
insert into  teacher values
    ('1','张三'),
    ('2','李四'),
    ('3','王五');

select  * from teacher;

drop table  result;
create  table  if not exists  result(
    stu_id int(10),
    cou_id int(10),
    score decimal (18,1)
);

insert into  result values
('1','2',90),
('1','3',74),
('2','1',85),
('2','2',65),
('2','3',75),
('3','1',43),
('3','2',50),
('4','1',88),
('4','2',43),
('4','3',99);


# 1、查询"1"课程比"2"课程成绩高的学生的信息及课程分数
select  s.* ,b.score as '1分数',c.score as '2分数'
from student as s
inner  join result b  on b.stu_id=s.stu_id  and b.cou_id='1'
inner join result c on c.stu_id=s.stu_id  and c.cou_id='2'
where b.score>c.score;

#2、查询"01"课程比"02"课程成绩低的学生的信息及课程分数
select  s.*,r.score '1分数',c.score '2分数'
from student s
left join  result r on s.stu_id = r.stu_id and r.cou_id='1'
left join result c on c.stu_id=s.stu_id and c.cou_id='2'
where r.score<c.score;

#3、查询平均成绩大于等于60分的同学的学生编号和学生姓名和平均成绩
select  s.stu_id,s.stu_name ,avg(score) as avg_score
from student as s
left join  result r on s.stu_id = r.stu_id
group by s.stu_id, s.stu_name
HAVING avg_score>=60;

#4、查询平均成绩小于60分的同学的学生编号和学生姓名和平均成绩
select s.stu_id,s.stu_name,avg(score) as  avg_score
from student as s
left join  result r on s.stu_id = r.stu_id
group by s.stu_id, s.stu_name
having  avg_score<60;

#5、查询所有同学的学生编号、学生姓名、选课总数、所有课程的总成绩
select  s.stu_id,s.stu_name,count(r.cou_id) as count,sum(r.score) as sum_score
from student as s
left join    result r on s.stu_id = r.stu_id
group by s.stu_id, s.stu_name;

#6、查询"李"姓老师的数量
select count(t.tea_name)
from teacher as t where  t.tea_name like '李%';

#7、查询学过"张三"老师授课的同学的信息
select  s.*
from student as s
left join result r on s.stu_id = r.stu_id
left join course c on r.cou_id = c.cou_id
left join teacher t on c.tea_id = t.tea_id
where t.tea_name='张三';

#8、查询没学过"张三"老师授课的同学的信息
/*   错误
select  s.*
from student as s
left join result r on s.stu_id = r.stu_id
left join course c on r.cou_id = c.cou_id
left join teacher t on c.tea_id = t.tea_id
where t.tea_name!='张三';*/

select  s2.* from student as s2
where s2.stu_id not in
(select  s.stu_id
from student as s
left join result r on s.stu_id = r.stu_id
left join course c on r.cou_id = c.cou_id
left join teacher t on c.tea_id = t.tea_id
where t.tea_name='张三');

#9、查询学过编号为"1"并且也学过编号为"2"的课程的同学的信息
select s.*
from student as s
left join result r on s.stu_id = r.stu_id
left join result r2 on s.stu_id=r2.stu_id
where  r.cou_id='1' and r2.cou_id='2';

#10、查询学过编号为"1"但是没有学过编号为"2"的课程的同学的信息
select  s.* from student as s
left join result r on s.stu_id = r.stu_id
left join result r2 on s.stu_id=r2.stu_id
where r.cou_id='1' and r2.cou_id is null ;

#11、查询没有学全所有课程的同学的信息
    #方法1
select  s.* from student as s
left join result r1 on s.stu_id = r1.stu_id
and  r1.cou_id='1'
left join result r2 on s.stu_id=r2.stu_id
and r2.cou_id='2'
left join  result r3 on s.stu_id=r3.stu_id
and r3.cou_id='3'
where  r1.score is null  or r2.score is null  or r3.score is null ;

    #方法2
SELECT  st.stu_id,st.stu_name,st.stu_age,stu_gender
FROM student st
LEFT JOIN result sc ON st.stu_id=sc.stu_id
GROUP BY st.stu_id ,stu_name,stu_age,stu_gender
HAVING COUNT(sc.score)<3;


#12、查询至少有一门课与学号为"1"的同学所学相同的同学的信息
select  distinct s.* from student  as s
left join result r on s.stu_id = r.stu_id
where r.cou_id in(
    select r2.cou_id from result r2
    left join  student s2 on s2.stu_id = r2.stu_id
    where  r2.stu_id='1'
    );

#13、查询和"01"号的同学学习的课程完全相同的其他同学的信息
#使用GROUP_CONCAT函数和GROUP BY
select  s.* from student as s  where stu_id in(
    select  r.stu_id  from
    (select  * from result where stu_id='1') as  r
    join  result as r2 on r.cou_id=r2.cou_id
    group by  r2.stu_id
    having  count(*)=(select  count(*) from result where  r.stu_id='1' group by  r.stu_id)
    )
and stu_id<>'1';

#14、查询没学过"张三"老师讲授的任一门课程的学生姓名
select s.stu_name from student as s
where s.stu_id  not in
    (select s2.stu_id from student as s2
        left join  result r on s2.stu_id = r.stu_id
        left join course c on r.cou_id = c.cou_id
        left join teacher t on c.tea_id = t.tea_id
        where  t.tea_name='张三'
    );

#15、查询两门及其以上不及格课程的同学的学号，姓名及其平均成绩
select s.stu_id, s.stu_name,avg(r.score) from student as s
left join result r on s.stu_id = r.stu_id
where  r.stu_id in(
    select  r.stu_id from result r
    where  r.score<60 or r.score is null
    group by  r.stu_id
    having  count(1)>=2
    )
group by s.stu_id, s.stu_name;

#16、检索"01"课程分数小于60，按分数降序排列的学生信息
select s.* from student as s
left join result r on s.stu_id = r.stu_id
where r.stu_id  in(
    select  r.stu_id from result
    where r.cou_id='1' and r.score<60
    )
order by  r.score desc ;

#17、按平均成绩从高到低显示所有学生的所有课程的成绩以及平均成绩
select s.stu_id,s.stu_name,
       (case when avg(r4.score) is null then 0 else avg(r4.score) end) "平均分",
       (case when r1.score is null then 0 else r1.score end) "语文",
       (case when r2.score is null  then 0 else r2.score end) "数学",
       (case when  r3.score is null  then 0 else r3.score end) "英语"
from student as s
left join result r1 on s.stu_id = r1.stu_id and r1.cou_id='1'
left join result r2 on s.stu_id=r2.stu_id and r2.cou_id='2'
left join result r3 on s.stu_id=r3.stu_id and r3.cou_id='3'
left join result r4 on s.stu_id=r4.stu_id
group by s.stu_id, s.stu_name, (case when r1.score is null then 0 else r1.score end), (case when r2.score is null  then 0 else r2.score end), (case when  r3.score is null  then 0 else r3.score end)
order by  avg(r4.score) desc ;

#18、查询各科成绩最高分、最低分和平均分：以如下形式显示：课程ID，课程name，最高分，最低分，平均分，及格率，中等率，优良率，优秀率
#   及格为>=60，中等为：70-80，优良为：80-90，优秀为：>=90
select c.cou_id,c.cou_name,max(r.score) "最高分" ,min(r.score) "最高分",avg(r.score) "平均分",
       sum(case when r.score>=60 then 1 else 0 end)/count(1) "及格率",
       sum(case when r.score>=70 and r.score<80 then 1 else  0 end)/count(1) "中等率",
       sum(case when r.score>=80 and r.score<90 then 1 else  0 end)/count(1) "优良率",
       sum(case when r.score>=90 then 1 else 0 end)/count(1) "优秀率"
from course as c
left join result r on c.cou_id = r.cou_id
group by c.cou_id, c.cou_name;

#19、按各科成绩进行排序，并显示排名
select c.cou_name ,r.score from course as c
left join result r on c.cou_id = r.cou_id
group by c.cou_name, r.score
order by c.cou_name, r.score desc;

#20、查询学生的总成绩并进行排名
select s.stu_id,s.stu_name,sum(r.score) as "总成绩" from student as s
left join result r on s.stu_id = r.stu_id
group by  s.stu_id, s.stu_name
order by  sum(r.score) desc;

#21、查询不同老师所教不同课程平均分从高到低显示
select t.tea_id,t.tea_name,c.cou_id,avg(r.score) from teacher as t
left join course c on t.tea_id = c.tea_id
left join result r on c.cou_id = r.cou_id
group by t.tea_id, t.tea_name,c.cou_id
order by avg(r.score) desc;

#22、查询所有课程的成绩第2名到第3名的学生信息及该课程成绩
select  t1.* from
(select s.*,c.cou_id,c.cou_name,r.score from student as s
left join result r on s.stu_id = r.stu_id
inner join course c on r.cou_id = c.cou_id and c.cou_id='1'
order by r.score desc limit  1,2)t1

union all

select  t2.* from
(select s.*,c.cou_id,c.cou_name,r.score from student as s
left join result r on s.stu_id = r.stu_id
inner join course c on r.cou_id = c.cou_id and c.cou_id='2'
order by r.score desc limit  1,2)t2

union all

select  t3.* from
(select s.*,c.cou_id,c.cou_name,r.score from student as s
left join result r on s.stu_id = r.stu_id
inner join course c on r.cou_id = c.cou_id and c.cou_id='3'
order by r.score desc limit  1,2) t3;


#23、统计各科成绩各分数段人数：课程编号,课程名称,[100-85],[85-70],[70-60],[0-60]及所占百分比
select c.cou_id,c.cou_name,
        sum(case  when r.score >=0 and r.score<60 then 1 else 0 end) as "0-60",
       sum(case  when r.score>=60 and r.score<70 then 1 else  0 end) as "70-60",
       sum(case  when r.score>=70 and r.score<85 then 1 else 0 end) as "85-70",
       sum(case  when r.score>=85 and r.score<100 then 1 else  0 end) as"100-85",
       sum(case  when r.score >=0 and r.score<60 then 1 else 0 end)/count(1) as "0-60百分比",
       sum(case  when r.score>=60 and r.score<70 then 1 else  0 end)/count(1) as "70-60百分比",
       sum(case  when r.score>=70 and r.score<85 then 1 else 0 end)/count(1) as "85-70百分比",
       sum(case  when r.score>=85 and r.score<100 then 1 else  0 end)/count(1) as"100-85百分比"
from course as c
left join result r on c.cou_id = r.cou_id
group by c.cou_id, c.cou_name;

#24、查询学生平均成绩及其名次
#自己对自己左交，查看比自己分数高的有几个
select s.stu_name,avg(r.score) from student as s
left join result r on s.stu_id = r.stu_id
group by s.stu_name
order by avg(r.score) desc ;

#25、查询各科成绩前三名的记录
SELECT a.*,COUNT(b.cou_id)+1 AS ascore
FROM result a
LEFT JOIN result b
ON a.cou_id=b.cou_id AND a.score<b.score
GROUP BY 1,2,3
HAVING ascore<=3
ORDER BY a.cou_id,ascore;
#方法二
select s.stu_name,c.cou_name,count(r2.cou_id)+1 as ascore from result r
left join result r2 on r.cou_id=r2.cou_id and r.score<r2.score
left join student s on r.stu_id = s.stu_id
left join course c on r.cou_id = c.cou_id
group by s.stu_name, c.cou_name
having  ascore<=3
order by c.cou_name,ascore;

#26、查询每门课程被选修的学生数
select c.cou_name,count(r.cou_id) as "选修人数" from course as c
left join result r on c.cou_id = r.cou_id
group by c.cou_name;

#27、查询出只有两门课程的全部学生的学号和姓名
select s.stu_id,s.stu_name from student as s
left join result r on s.stu_id = r.stu_id
group by s.stu_id, s.stu_name
having  count(r.cou_id)=2;

#28、查询男生、女生人数
select s.stu_gender,count(1) from student as s
group by s.stu_gender;

#29、查询名字中含有"羽"字的学生信息
select s.* from student as s
where s.stu_name like '%羽%';

#30、查询同名同姓学生名单，并统计同名人数
select s.stu_name,count(1) from student as s
group by s.stu_name
having count(1)>1;

#31、查询1000年出生的学生名单(注：Student表中Sage列的类型是datetime)
select s.* from student as s
where year(s.stu_age)=1000;

#32、查询每门课程的平均成绩，结果按平均成绩降序排列，平均成绩相同时，按课程编号
select r.cou_id,c.cou_name,avg(r.score) as avg_score from result as r
left join course c on r.cou_id = c.cou_id
group by r.cou_id, c.cou_name
order by avg_score desc ,r.cou_id ;

#33、查询平均成绩大于等于80的所有学生的学号、姓名和平均成绩
select s.stu_id,s.stu_name,avg(r.score) "平均分" from student as s
left join result r on s.stu_id = r.stu_id
group by s.stu_id, s.stu_name
having  avg(r.score)>=80;

#34、查询课程名称为"数学"，且分数低于60的学生姓名和分数
select s.stu_id,s.stu_name,r.score  from student as s
left join result r on s.stu_id = r.stu_id
inner  join course c on r.cou_id = c.cou_id
where c.cou_name='数学'
having r.score<60;

#35、查询所有学生的课程及分数情况
select s.stu_id,s.stu_name,c.cou_id,c.cou_name,r.score from student as s
left join result r on s.stu_id = r.stu_id
left join course c on r.cou_id = c.cou_id
group by s.stu_id, s.stu_name, c.cou_id, c.cou_name, r.score;

#36、查询任何一门课程成绩在80分以上的姓名、课程名称和分数
select s.stu_name,c.cou_name,r.score from student as s
left join result r on s.stu_id = r.stu_id
left join course c on r.cou_id = c.cou_id
group by s.stu_name, c.cou_name, r.score
having r.score>80;

#37、查询不及格的课程
select s.stu_id,s.stu_name,c.cou_name,r.score from student as s
left join  result r on s.stu_id = r.stu_id
left join course c on r.cou_id = c.cou_id
where r.score<60
group by s.stu_id, s.stu_name, c.cou_name, r.score;


#38、查询课程编号为01且课程成绩在80分以上的学生的学号和姓名
select s.stu_id,s.stu_name,r.score  from student as s
left join result r on s.stu_id = r.stu_id
left join course c on r.cou_id = c.cou_id
where  c.cou_id='1' and  r.score>80;

#39、求每门课程的学生人数
select c.cou_name,count(c.cou_id) from course as c
left join result r on c.cou_id = r.cou_id
group by c.cou_name;

#40、查询选修"张三"老师所授课程的学生中，成绩最高的学生信息及其成绩
select s.*,r.score from student as s
left join result r on s.stu_id = r.stu_id
left join course c on r.cou_id = c.cou_id
left join teacher t on c.tea_id = t.tea_id
where t.tea_name='张三'
order by r.score  desc  limit  1;

#41、查询不同课程成绩相同的学生的学生编号、课程编号、学生成绩
select r.stu_id,r.cou_id,r.score from result as r
left join result r2 on r.score=r2.score and r.cou_id <>r2.cou_id
#group by 1,2,3
group by r.stu_id, r.cou_id, r.score
having  count(r2.stu_id)>0;

#方法2
select r.* from result as r
left join result r2 on r.score=r2.score and r.cou_id <>r2.cou_id
group by 1,2,3
having  count(r2.stu_id)>0;

#42、查询每门功成绩最好的前两名
select r1.stu_id,r1.cou_id,r1.score from result as r1
left join  result r2 on r1.cou_id=r2.cou_id and r1.score<r2.score
group by  r1.stu_id, r1.cou_id, r1.score
having  count(r2.cou_id)<2
order by r1.cou_id,r1.score  desc;

#43、统计每门课程的学生选修人数（超过2人的课程才统计）。要求输出课程号和选修人数，查询结果按人数降序排列，若人数相同，按课程号升序排列
select c.cou_id,count(r.cou_id) as acount from course as c
left join result r on c.cou_id = r.cou_id
group by c.cou_id
having acount>2
order by acount  desc ,c.cou_id;

#44、检索至少选修两门课程的学生学号
select s.stu_id,s.stu_name ,count(r.cou_id) as acount from student as s
left join result r on s.stu_id = r.stu_id
group by s.stu_id, s.stu_name
having  acount>=2;

#45、查询选修了全部课程的学生信息
select s.stu_id,s.stu_name,s.stu_age,s.stu_gender from student as s
left join result r on s.stu_id = r.stu_id
group by s.stu_id, s.stu_name, s.stu_age, s.stu_gender
having  count(r.cou_id)=3;


#46、查询各学生的年龄
select s.*,(YEAR(CURDATE())-YEAR(s.stu_age))as "年龄" from student as s;

#47、查询本周过生日的学生
select s.* from student as s
where weekofyear(s.stu_age)=weekofyear(curdate());

#48、查询下周过生日的学生
select s.* from student as s
where weekofyear(s.stu_age)=weekofyear(curdate())+1;

#49、查询本月过生日的学生
select  s.* from student as s
where month(s.stu_age)=month(curdate());

#50、查询上月过生日的学生
select  s.* from student as s
where month(s.stu_age)=month(curdate())-1;

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