浮动路由实现线路冗余

本实验验证浮动路由，
当PC1访问PC2时，主用走R1–>R2–>R4
当主用路线异常时，切换至备用路线R1–>R3–>R4
回包同理R4–>R2–>R1或R4–>R3–>R1
配置如下实验环境：

PC1

PC-1> ip 192.168.1.2 255.255.255.0 192.168.1.1
PC-1> save

PC2

PC-1> ip 192.168.2.2 255.255.255.0 192.168.2.1
PC-1> save

RT1

R1#configure terminal 
R1(config)#interface f0/0
R1(config-if)#ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0
R1(config-if)#exit
R1(config)#interface serial 2/0
R1(config-if)#ip address  12.8.1.1 255.255.255.0
R1(config-if)#clock rate 64000
R1(config-if)#no shutdown
R1(config-if)#exit
R1(config)#interface  serial 2/1
R1(config-if)#ip address 12.8.4.2 255.255.255.0
R1(config-if)#no shutdown 
R1(config-if)#^Z
R1#copy running-config startup-config

RT2

R2#configure terminal 
R2(config)#interface serial 2/1
R2(config-if)#ip address  12.8.1.2 255.255.255.0
R2(config-if)#no shutdown
R2(config-if)#exit
R2(config)#interface serial 2/0
R2(config-if)#ip address  12.8.2.2 255.255.255.0
R2(config-if)#no shutdown 
R2(config-if)#^Z
R2#copy running-config startup-config

RT3

R3#configure t
R3(config)#interface serial 2/0
R3(config-if)#ip address 12.8.3.1 255.255.255.0
R3(config-if)#clock rate 64000
R3(config-if)#no shutdown 
R3(config-if)#exit
R3(config)#interface  serial 2/1
R3(config-if)#ip address 12.8.4.1 255.255.255.0
R3(config-if)#clock rate 64000
R3(config-if)#no shutdown 
R3(config-if)#^Z
R3#copy  running-config startup-config

RT4

R4#configure terminal 
R4(config)#interface serial 2/1
R4(config-if)#ip address 12.8.2.1 255.255.255.0
R4(config-if)#clock rate 64000
R4(config-if)#no shutdown 
R4(config-if)#exit
R4(config)#interface serial 2/0
R4(config-if)#ip address 12.8.3.2 255.255.255.0
R4(config-if)#no shutdown 
R4(config)#interface f0/0
R4(config-if)#ip address 192.168.2.1 255.255.255.0
R4(config-if)#no shutdown 
R4(config-if)#exit
R4#copy running-config startup-config

各设备IP已配置完成，接下来用浮动路由来实现路径冗余。
只需在R1和R4上各配置两条路由来实现

R1

R1#configure terminal 
R1(config)#ip route 192.168.2.0 255.255.255.0 12.8.1.2 1
R1(config)#ip route 192.168.2.0 255.255.255.0 12.8.4.1 60
R1#copy running-config startup-config

R4

R4#configure t
R4(config)#ip route 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 12.8.2.2 1
R4(config)#ip route 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 12.8.3.1 60
R4#copy running-config startup-config

R2和R3 ，按正常的逻辑配置来回路由
R2

R2#configure  t
R2(config)#ip route 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 12.8.1.1
R2(config)#ip route 192.168.2.0 255.255.255.0 12.8.2.1
R2#copy running-config startup-config

R3

R3#configure t
R3(config)#ip route 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 12.8.4.2
R3(config)#ip route 192.168.2.0 255.255.255.0 12.8.3.2
R3#copy running-config startup-config

综上配置，PC1访问PC2，可走主用走R1–>R2–>R4
备路线走R1–>R2–>R4

浮动路由主要由通过在配置路由时设置权重来实现。
R1# ip route 192.168.20 255.255.255.0 12.8.4.1 1