文章目录
常用命令
// 安装docker
curl -fsSL https://get.docker.com -o get-docker.sh && \
bash get-docker.sh
国内一键安装 sudo curl -sSL https://get.daocloud.io/docker | sh
// docker-compose安装
sudo curl -L "https://github.com/docker/compose/releases/download/1.24.1/docker-compose-$(uname -s)-$(uname -m)" -o /usr/local/bin/docker-compose
sudo chmod +x /usr/local/bin/docker-compose
// docker自启动
systemctl enable docker
// 查看容器状态信息
docker container inspect myNginx
// 查看容器日志信息
docker container logs myNginx
// 停止容器
docker stop myNginx
// 启动容器
docker start myNginx
// 进入容器
docker exec -it containerId bash
// 删除镜像
docker rmi ed9c93747fe1
// 宿主机和容器文件相互复制
docker cp mytomcat:/usr/local/tomcat/conf/server.xml server.xml
docker cp server.xml mytomcat:/usr/local/tomcat/conf/server.xml
docker-compose up -d 启动（修改docker-compose.yml后需要使用此命令使更改生效）；
docker-compose logs 打印日志；
docker-compose logs -f 打印日志，-f表示跟随日志；
docker logs -f jd_scripts 和上面两条相比可以显示汉字；
docker-compose pull 更新镜像；多容器用户推荐使用docker pull lxk0301/jd_scripts；
docker-compose stop 停止容器；
docker-compose restart 重启容器；
docker-compose down 停止并删除容器；
Dockerfile
// 从哪里下载镜像
FROM nginx
// 执行构建时的指令
RUN echo '<h1>chenhu</h1>' > /usr/share/nginx/html/index.html
docker build -t clangnginx:1.0 -f Dockfile .
1、安装MySQL
下载镜像
docker pull mysql:5.6
配置文件
mkdir -p /opt/docker-mysql/conf.d
增加并修改配置文件config-file.cnf
内容如下,设置表名不区分大小写; linux下默认是区分的，windows下默认不区分
[mysqld]
# 表名不区分大小写
lower_case_table_names=1
#server-id=1
datadir=/var/lib/mysql
#socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysqlx.sock
#symbolic-links=0
# sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES
[mysqld_safe]
log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log
pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
启动
增加数据文件夹
mkdir -p /opt/docker-mysql/var/lib/mysql
启动，设置默认密码 123456-abc
$ docker run --name mysql \
--restart=always \
-p 3306:3306 \
-v /opt/docker-mysql/conf.d:/etc/mysql/conf.d \
-v /opt/docker-mysql/var/lib/mysql:/var/lib/mysql \
-e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456-abc \
-d mysql:5.6
常用命令
进入容器
docker exec -it mysql bash
查看日志
docker logs -f mysql
安装mysql8.0
拉取镜像
$ docker pull mysql:8.0.16
创建数据目录和配置文件
在宿主机创建放置mysql的配置文件的目录和数据目录，并且进行授权
$ mkdir -p /usr/mysql/conf /usr/mysql/data
$ chmod -R 755 /usr/mysql/
创建配置文件
在上面创建的配置文件目录/usr/mysql/conf下创建MySQL的配置文件my.cnf
$ vim /usr/mysql/conf/my.cnf
添加以下内容到上述创建的配置文件中
[client]
#socket = /usr/mysql/mysqld.sock
default-character-set = utf8mb4
[mysqld]
#pid-file = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
#socket = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock
#datadir = /var/lib/mysql
#socket = /usr/mysql/mysqld.sock
#pid-file = /usr/mysql/mysqld.pid
datadir = /usr/mysql/data
character_set_server = utf8mb4
collation_server = utf8mb4_bin
secure-file-priv= NULL
# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks
symbolic-links=0
# Custom config should go here
!includedir /etc/mysql/conf.d/
启动创建容器
$ docker run --restart=unless-stopped -d --name mysql -v /usr/mysql/conf/my.cnf:/etc/mysql/my.cnf -v /usr/mysql/data:/var/lib/mysql -p 3306:3306 -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456 mysql:8.0.16
问题
上述虽然安装好了mysql，但是使用远程的Navicat连接时提示错误，不能正确连接mysql，此时需要修改按照下面说的步骤修改一下mysql的密码模式以及主机等内容才可以。
修改mysql密码以及可访问主机
进入容器内部
$ docker exec -it mysql /bin/bash
连接mysql
$ mysql -uroot -p
使用mysql库
$ mysql> use mysql
修改访问主机以及密码等，设置为所有主机可访问
$ mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY '新密码';
注意：
mysql_native_password，mysql8.x版本必须使用这种模式，否则navicate无法正确连接
刷新
$ mysql> flush privileges
经过以上步骤，再次远程使用Navicat连接数据库时就可以正常连接了
2、安装Redis
下载镜像
docker pull redis
启动
docker run --name redis -d -p 6379:6379 redis --requirepass "123456-abc"
自定义配置文件
创建一个文件夹用来存放redis的配置文件、存储数据
mkdir -p /usr/local/redis/conf /usr/local/redis/data
执行命令
docker run -p 6379:6379 -v /usr/local/redis/conf/redis.conf:/etc/redis/redis.conf -v /usr/local/redis/data:/data --name redis -d redis:6.2.4 redis-server /etc/redis/redis.conf
3、Docker pull网络错误解决
[root@localhost chenhu]# dig @114.114.114.114 registry-1.docker.io
; <<>> DiG 9.9.4-RedHat-9.9.4-72.el7 <<>> @114.114.114.114 registry-1.docker.io
; (1 server found)
;; global options: +cmd
;; Got answer:
;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 10006
;; flags: qr rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 8, AUTHORITY: 0, ADDITIONAL: 1
;; OPT PSEUDOSECTION:
; EDNS: version: 0, flags:; udp: 512
;; QUESTION SECTION:
;registry-1.docker.io. IN A
;; ANSWER SECTION:
registry-1.docker.io. 39 IN A 34.201.196.144
registry-1.docker.io. 39 IN A 34.197.189.129
registry-1.docker.io. 39 IN A 3.224.11.4
registry-1.docker.io. 39 IN A 3.221.133.86
registry-1.docker.io. 39 IN A 34.192.182.239
registry-1.docker.io. 39 IN A 34.228.211.243
registry-1.docker.io. 39 IN A 34.199.40.84
registry-1.docker.io. 39 IN A 34.199.77.19
;; Query time: 38 msec
;; SERVER: 114.114.114.114#53(114.114.114.114)
;; WHEN: Wed Sep 11 03:47:59 PDT 2019
;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 177
然后添加下面这条host
34.199.77.19 registry-1.docker.io
4、安装Nginx
docker pull nginx
mkdir -p /nginx/{conf,conf.d,html,logs}
编写nginx.conf配置文件
# For more information on configuration, see:
# * Official English Documentation: http://nginx.org/en/docs/
# * Official Russian Documentation: http://nginx.org/ru/docs/
user nginx;
worker_processes auto;
error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log;
pid /run/nginx.pid;
# Load dynamic modules. See /usr/share/nginx/README.dynamic.
include /usr/share/nginx/modules/*.conf;
events {
worker_connections 1024;
}
http {
log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
'$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
'"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';
access_log /var/log/nginx/access.log main;
sendfile on;
tcp_nopush on;
tcp_nodelay on;
keepalive_timeout 65;
types_hash_max_size 2048;
include /etc/nginx/mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
# Load modular configuration files from the /etc/nginx/conf.d directory.
# See http://nginx.org/en/docs/ngx_core_module.html#include
# for more information.
include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf;
server {
listen 80 default_server;
listen [::]:80 default_server;
server_name 120.77.96.184;
root /usr/share/nginx/html;
# Load configuration files for the default server block.
include /etc/nginx/default.d/*.conf;
# location / {
# proxy_pass http://pic;
# }
location /report/{
proxy_pass http://119.3.194.28:39032/;
proxy_redirect off;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header Host $http_host;
}
error_page 404 /404.html;
location = /40x.html {
}
error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
location = /50x.html {
}
}
}
docker run --name nginx -d -p 80:80 -v /nginx/conf/nginx.conf:/etc/nginx/nginx.conf -v /nginx/logs:/var/log/nginx -v /nginx/html:/usr/share/nginx/html nginx
5、CentOS7安装Docker
yum install -y yum-utils device-mapper-persistent-data lvm2
yum-config-manager --add-repo https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo
yum-config-manager --enable docker-ce-edge
yum-config-manager --enable docker-ce-test
yum-config-manager --disable docker-ce-edge
yum install docker-ce
6、Docker-Compose安装
curl -L https://github.com/docker/compose/releases/download/1.18.0/docker-compose-`uname -s`-`uname -m` -o /usr/local/bin/docker-compose
# 可能需要赋予执行权限(755,777,等按需自行填写)
chmod 755 /usr/local/bin/docker-compose
7、docker~使用阿里加速器
https://yq.aliyun.com/articles/325299
8、安装oracle
选择的docker镜像其实是一个"自动配置安装"oracle 11g的镜像, 所以你需要自己下载oracle 11g的安装包.
wget http://mirror.xrk.org/oracle/linux/linux.x64_11gR2_database_1of2.zip
wget http://mirror.xrk.org/oracle/linux/linux.x64_11gR2_database_2of2.zip
创建一个目录
mkdir -p /install/database
将下载的oracle安装压缩文件解压到/install/database
unzip linux.x64_11gR2_database_1of2.zip -d /install/database
unzip linux.x64_11gR2_database_2of2.zip -d /install/database
拉取镜像
docker pull jaspeen/oracle-11g
运行容器
docker run --privileged --name oracle11g -p 1521:1521 -v /install/database:/install jaspeen/oracle-11g
其他的错误如果没有自动跳出docker的run启动过程, 就不用管, 这个过程有点慢
进入oracle11g容器
docker exec -it oracle11g /bin/bash
切换到image的oracle用户
su - oracle
进入oracle数据库
sqlplus / as sysdba
解锁scott用户
SQL> alter user scott account unlock;
User altered.
SQL> commit;
Commit complete.
SQL> conn scott/tiger
ERROR:
ORA-28001: the password has expired
Changing password for scott
New password:
Retype new password:
Password changed
Connected.
SQL>
即可通过数据库管理工具连接oracle数据库
9、Xfce安装
docker run -d -p 6080:6080 -e VNC_RESOLUTION=1920x1080 yangxuan8282/alpine-xfce4-novnc:amd64
完成后访问：http://ip:6080 默认的vnc密码是:alpinelinux
10、安装Portainer
docker run -d -p 9000:9000 -v /var/run/docker.sock:/var/run/docker.sock --restart=always --name portainer portainer/portainer
提示：更多内容可以访问Clang’s Blog：https://www.clang.asia
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