【Python】numpy保留数组中不同元素

numpy.unique(ar, return_index=False, return_inverse=False, return_counts=False)

去除重复的，然后按从大到小排列

return_counts，对应的元素在原array中出现的次数

Parameters:

ar : array_like

Input array. This will be flattened if it is not already 1-D.

return_index : bool, optional

If True, also return the indices of ar that result in the unique array.

return_inverse : bool, optional

If True, also return the indices of the unique array that can be used to reconstruct ar.

return_counts : bool, optional

If True, also return the number of times each unique value comes up in ar.

New in version 1.9.0.

Returns:

unique : ndarray

The sorted unique values.

unique_indices : ndarray, optional

The indices of the first occurrences of the unique values in the (flattened) original array. Only provided if return_index is True.

unique_inverse : ndarray, optional

The indices to reconstruct the (flattened) original array from the unique array. Only provided if return_inverse is True.

unique_counts : ndarray, optional

The number of times each of the unique values comes up in the original array. Only provided if return_counts is True.

New in version 1.9.0.

>>> np.unique([1, 1, 2, 2, 3, 3])
array([1, 2, 3])
>>> a = np.array([[1, 1], [2, 3]])
>>> np.unique(a)
array([1, 2, 3])
>>> a = np.array(['a', 'b', 'b', 'c', 'a'])
>>> u, indices = np.unique(a, return_index=True)
>>> u
array(['a', 'b', 'c'],
       dtype='|S1')
>>> indices  #表示新不重复数组对应原来的索引值
array([0, 1, 3])
>>> a[indices]
array(['a', 'b', 'c'],
       dtype='|S1')
>>> a = np.array([1, 2, 6, 4, 2, 3, 2])
>>> u, indices = np.unique(a, return_inverse=True)
>>> u
array([1, 2, 3, 4, 6])
>>> indices  #表示原数组使用新数组的重构需要的新数组的索引值
array([0, 1, 4, 3, 1, 2, 1])
>>> u[indices]
array([1, 2, 6, 4, 2, 3, 2])