python list

索引

list[start:end:step]
start 默认0
end 默认列表长度 及 len(list)
step 默认1

slice关键字 保存索引为变量

indexs=slice(start:end:step)
list[indexs]

删除多个

a = [9,5,2,3,7]
del  a[:3] #  删除前3个,  a = [3,7]

复制列表

a = [9,5,2,3,7]
b = a[:]

最后一个

返回列表中最后一个元素

a = [9,5,2,3,7]
c=a[-1]   #7

最后两个

a = [9,5,2,3,7]
a[-2:]   #[3，7]

反转列表

a = [9,5,2,3,7]
c=a[::-1] #[7, 3, 2, 5, 9]

修改类型

a = [9,5,2,3,7]
a=list(map(str, a))
print(a) #['9', '5', '2', '3', '7']

频率最高值

a = [1, 1, 1, 2, 3, 3, 3, 3, 4, 4, 4]
print(max(set(a), key = a.count)) #3

合成字符串

a = [9,5,2,3,7]
a=list(map(str, a))
print(','.join(a)) #'9,5,2,3,7'

顺子

import random
import numpy as np
def is_straight(five):
    """
    是否是顺子,例如:
    [1,2,3,4,5] ==> True
    [5,6,7,9]   ==> False
    [1,3,8]     ==> False
    """
    no_zero = list(filter(lambda x:x>0, five)) # 剔除0
    if len(no_zero) > len(set(no_zero)): # 如有重复
        return False # 则不是顺子
    no_zero.sort() # 非零元素排序
    no_zero = np.array(no_zero) # 转为numpy数组
    diff = np.diff(no_zero) # diff为相邻元素的差组成的数组
    if np.sum(diff - 1) >len(five)-no_zero.size: # 若diff各元素减1后的和大于0的个数
        return False # 则不是顺子
    else:
        return True
        
print(is_straight([1,2,3,4,5]))#==> True
print(is_straight([5,6,7,9]))  #==> False
print(is_straight([1,3,8]))    #==> False

存文件

import numpy as np
a = [9,5,2,3,7]
m=np.array(a)
np.save('./demo.npy',m)
n=np.load('demo.npy')
a=n.tolist()
print(a) #[9,5,2,3,7]

去重复

a = [9,5,5,2,3,7,7]
a =list(set(a)) 
print(a) #[2, 3, 5, 7, 9]
#方法2
def quchong(list1):
    l3 = []
    for i in list1:
        if i not in l3:
            l3.append(i)
    return l3
a = [9,5,5,2,3,7,7]
print(quchong(a)) #[9, 5, 2, 3, 7]
#方法3
a = [9,5,2,2,3,7,7]
a=list({}.fromkeys(a).keys())
print(a) #[9, 5, 2, 3, 7]