遥感中的AI基础模型综述

最新推荐文章于 2024-09-20 11:36:08 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2024-09-20 11:36:08 发布

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分类专栏： deep learning MyDLNote-Network 文章标签：人工智能遥感图像处理

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AI Foundation Models in Remote Sensing: A Survey

2408.03464 (arxiv.org)

Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies have profoundly transformed the field of remote sensing, revolutionizing data collection, processing, and analysis. Traditionally reliant on manual interpretation and task-specific models, remote sensing has been significantly enhanced by the advent of foundation models—large-scale, pre-trained AI models capable of performing a wide array of tasks with unprecedented accuracy and efficiency. This paper provides a comprehensive survey of foundation models in the remote sensing domain, covering models released between June 2021 and June 2024. We categorize these models based on their applications in computer vision and domain-specific tasks, offering insights into their architectures, pre-training datasets, and methodologies. Through detailed performance comparisons, we highlight emerging trends and the significant advancements achieved by those foundation models. Additionally, we discuss the technical challenges, practical implications, and future research directions, addressing the need for high-quality data, computational resources, and improved model generalization. Our research also finds that pre-training methods, particularly self-supervised learning techniques like contrastive learning and masked autoencoders, significantly enhance the performance and robustness of foundation models in remote sensing tasks such as scene classification, object detection, and other applications. This survey aims to serve as a resource for researchers and practitioners by providing a panorama of advances and promising pathways for continued development and application of foundation models in remote sensing.

人工智能技术已经深刻地改变了遥感领域，对数据收集、处理和分析方式进行了革命性变革。传统上，遥感技术依赖于人工解释和特定任务的模型，但随着基础模型——即能够以前所未有的精度和效率执行广泛任务的大规模预训练AI模型的出现，遥感技术得到了显著提升。

本文全面综述了2021年6月至2024年6月期间发布的遥感领域基础模型，根据这些模型在计算机视觉和特定领域任务中的应用进行分类，深入剖析了它们的架构、预训练数据集和方法论。通过详细的性能比较，本文突出了新兴趋势和基础模型所取得的重大进展。

此外，本文还讨论了技术挑战、实践影响和未来研究方向，特别是针对高质量数据、计算资源和改进模型泛化能力的需求。我们的研究还发现，预训练方法，特别是诸如对比学习和掩码自编码器之类的自监督学习技术，显著提高了遥感任务（如场景分类、目标检测等）中基础模型的性能和鲁棒性。

本综述旨在为研究人员和从业者提供一份资源，展示遥感领域基础模型发展的全景图，并指出未来持续发展和应用的潜在路径。