[leetcode] 205. Isomorphic Strings

Description

Given two strings s and t, determine if they are isomorphic.

Two strings are isomorphic if the characters in s can be replaced to get t.

All occurrences of a character must be replaced with another character while preserving the order of characters. No two characters may map to the same character but a character may map to itself.

Example 1:

Input: s = "egg", t = "add"
Output: true

Example 2:

Input: s = "foo", t = "bar"
Output: false

Example 3:

Input: s = "paper", t = "title"
Output: true

Note:
You may assume both s and t have the same length.

分析一

题目的意思是：判断两个字符串是否是同构的。

• 用两个hash表来建立两字符串字符的映射，如果出现一对多的映射，说明就不是同构的。

代码一

class Solution {
public:
    bool isIsomorphic(string s, string t) {
        unordered_map<char,char> res,st;
        for(int i=0;i<s.length();i++){
            if(res.count(s[i])||st.count(t[i])){
                if(res[s[i]]!=t[i]||st[t[i]]!=s[i]){
                    return false;
                }
            }else{
                res[s[i]]=t[i];
                st[t[i]]=s[i];
            }
        }
        return true;
    }
};

分析二

• 两个哈希表分别来记录原字符串和目标字符串中字符出现情况，由于ASCII码只有256个字符，所以我们可以用一个256大小的数组来代替哈希表，并初始化为0；
• 我们遍历原字符串，分别从源字符串和目标字符串取出一个字符，然后分别在两个哈希表中查找其值，若不相等，则返回false，若相等，将其值更新为i + 1，因为默认的值是0，所以我们更新值为i + 1，这样当 i=0 时，则映射为1，如果不加1的话，那么就无法区分是否更新了。

代码二

class Solution {
public:
    bool isIsomorphic(string s, string t) {
        int m1[256] = {0}, m2[256] = {0}, n = s.size();
        for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
            if (m1[s[i]] != m2[t[i]]) return false;
            m1[s[i]] = i + 1;
            m2[t[i]] = i + 1;
        }
        return true;
    }
};

Python实现

用两个字典进行模拟即可：

class Solution:
    def isIsomorphic(self, s: str, t: str) -> bool:
        st = dict()
        ts = dict()
        for s1,t1 in zip(s,t):
            if s1 not in st:
                st[s1]=t1
            if t1 not in ts:
                ts[t1]=s1
            if st[s1]!=t1 or ts[t1]!=s1:
                return False
        return True

参考文献

[LeetCode] Isomorphic Strings 同构字符串