网络编程/下（简单实现聊天室）

需求

使用TCP的Socket实现一个聊天室(未实现图形界面)

• 服务器端：一个线程专门发送消息，一个线程专门接受消息。
• 客户端：一个线程专门发送消息，一个线程专门接受消息。
• 群聊，私聊

代码

工具类：

package chat;

import java.io.Closeable;

/**
 * 工具类 
 * @author 王星宇
 * @date 2020年2月21日
 */
public class Utils {
	//释放资源
	public static void close(Closeable ... targets) {
		for(Closeable target : targets) {
			try {
				if(target != null) target.close();
			}catch(Exception e) {
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
		}
	}
}

服务器端

package chat;

import java.io.DataInputStream;
import java.io.DataOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket;
import java.util.concurrent.CopyOnWriteArrayList;

/**
 * 在线聊天室：服务端 
 * @author 王星宇
 * @date 2020年2月21日
 */
public class Server {
	//CopyWriteArrayList可以避免在一边遍历容器，一边修改容器的时候出错
	private static CopyOnWriteArrayList<Channel> all = new CopyOnWriteArrayList<Channel>();
	public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
		System.out.println("---------Server-----------");
		ServerSocket server = new ServerSocket(9999);
		boolean running = true;
		while(running) {
			Socket client = server.accept();
			System.out.println("一个客户端建立了连接");
			Channel c = new Channel(client);
			all.add(c);
			new Thread(c).start();
		}
	}
	//一个客户代表一个channel
	//服务器用channel是因为服务器一定是先接受信息，在发送信息
	static class Channel implements Runnable{
		private DataInputStream dis;
		private DataOutputStream dos;
		private Socket client;
		private boolean isRunning;
		private String name;
		public Channel(Socket client) {
			this.client = client;
			try {
				dis = new DataInputStream(client.getInputStream());
				dos = new DataOutputStream(client.getOutputStream());
				this.name = receive();
				send("欢迎加入聊天室");
				sendOthers(name + "加入了群聊",true);
			} catch (IOException e) {
				e.printStackTrace();
				release();
			}
			isRunning = true;
		}
		//接受消息
		private String receive() {
			String msg = "";
			try {
				msg = dis.readUTF();
			} catch (IOException e) {
				e.printStackTrace();
				release();
			}
			return msg;
		}
		//发送消息
		private void send(String msg) {
			try {
				dos.writeUTF(msg);
				dos.flush();
			} catch (IOException e) {
				e.printStackTrace();
				release();
			}
		}
		//群聊
		//私聊：约定格式：@xxx:msg
		private void sendOthers(String msg,boolean isSys) {
			boolean isPrivate = msg.startsWith("@");
			if(isPrivate) {//如果时私聊
				//获取目标
				int idEnd = msg.indexOf(":");//名字不能有冒号
				String name = msg.substring(1,idEnd);
				msg = msg.substring(idEnd + 1);
				for(Channel other : all) {
					if(other.getName().equals(name)) {
						other.send(this.name + " 对您说：" + msg);
						break;
					}
				}
			}else {
				for (Channel other : all) {
					if (other.equals(this)) {
						continue;
					}
					if(!isSys)
						other.send(this.name + ":" + msg);
					else
						other.send("系統：" + msg);
				}
			}
		}
		//释放资源
		private void release() {
			this.isRunning = false;
			Utils.close(dis,dos,client);
			//退出容器
			all.remove(this);
			sendOthers(this.name + "退出了群聊",true);
		}
		@Override
		public void run() {
			while(isRunning) {
				String msg = receive();
				if(!msg.equals("")) {
					sendOthers(msg,false);
				}
			}
		}
		
		public String getName() {return this.name;}
	}
}

客户用send类

package chat;

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.DataOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.net.Socket;

public class send implements Runnable{
	private BufferedReader br;
	private DataOutputStream dos;
	private Socket client;
	private boolean isRunning;
	private String name ;
	public send(Socket client,String name) {
		this.name = name;
		this.client = client;
		this.isRunning = true;
		br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
		try {
			dos = new DataOutputStream(client.getOutputStream());
			Send(name);
		} catch (IOException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
			release();
		}
	}
	@Override
	public void run() {
		String msg;
		while(isRunning) {
			msg = getInfoFromConsole();
			if(!msg.equals("")) {
				Send(msg);
			}
		}
	}
	private void Send(String msg) {
		try {
			dos.writeUTF(msg);
			dos.flush();
		} catch (IOException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
			release();
		}
	}
	//从控制台获取信息
	private String getInfoFromConsole() {
		try {
			return br.readLine();
		} catch (IOException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		return "";
	}
	//释放资源
	private void release() {
		this.isRunning = false;
		Utils.close(dos, client);
	}
}

客户用receive类

package chat;

import java.io.DataInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.Socket;

public class receive implements Runnable{
	private DataInputStream dis ;
	private Socket client;
	private boolean isRunning;
	public receive(Socket client) {
		this.client = client;
		this.isRunning = true;
		try {
			dis = new DataInputStream(client.getInputStream());
		} catch (IOException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
			release();
		}
	}
	@Override
	public void run() {
		while(isRunning) {
			String msg = Receive();
			if(!msg.equals("")) {
				System.out.println(msg);
			}
		}
	}
	private String Receive() {
		String msg = "";
		try {
			msg = dis.readUTF();
		} catch (IOException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
			release();
		}
		return msg;
	}
	//释放资源
	private void release() {
		this.isRunning = false;
		Utils.close(dis , client);
	}
}

客户类

package chat;

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.DataInputStream;
import java.io.DataOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.net.Socket;
import java.net.UnknownHostException;

/**
 * 在线聊天室：客户端
 *  
 * @author 王星宇
 * @date 2020年2月21日
 */
public class Client {
	public static void main(String[] args) throws UnknownHostException, IOException {
		BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
		System.out.println("请输入用户名：");
		String name  = br.readLine();
		System.out.println("---------" + name + "-----------");
		Socket client = new Socket("localhost",9999);
		new Thread(new send(client,name)).start();//一个线程实时发送信息
		new Thread(new receive(client)).start();//一个线程实时接受消息
		
	}
}