备忘录模式

#include <iostream>
#include <string>

using namespace std;

class Mememto
{
public:
	Mememto() {}
	Mememto(string strState) : m_strState(strState) {}
	const string& getState() { return m_strState; }
private:
	string m_strState;
};

class Originator
{
public:
	void setState(string strState) { m_strState = strState; }
	void showState() { cout << m_strState << endl; }
	Mememto createMemto() { return Mememto(m_strState); }
	void setMememto(Mememto objMememto) { m_strState = objMememto.getState(); }
private:
	string m_strState = "";
};

class Caretaker
{
public:
	void setMememto(Mememto objMememto) { m_objMememto = objMememto; }
	Mememto getMememto() { return m_objMememto; }
private:
	Mememto m_objMememto;
};

int main()
{
	Originator objOriginator;
	objOriginator.setState("彳亍");
	objOriginator.showState();
	Caretaker objCaretaker;
	objCaretaker.setMememto(objOriginator.createMemto());
	objOriginator.setState("nullptr");
	objOriginator.showState();
	objOriginator.setMememto(objCaretaker.getMememto());
	objOriginator.showState();
	return 0;
}

总结：在不破坏封装性的前提下，捕获一个对象的内部状态，并在该对象之外保存这个状态。这样以后就可将该对象恢复到原先保存的状态。如果状态过多，会占用过多的资源