You may already be familiar with the term splinternet, a neologism made up of “split” and “internet”. If you haven’t come across it, you will soon. It already has its own Wikipedia page, which refers to the balkanization of the internet, one that is fragmented and divided as a result of technology, commerce, politics, nationalism, religion and particular interests.
您可能已经熟悉术语splinternet ，它是由“ split”和“ internet”组成的新词。 如果您还没有遇到过，您很快就会知道。 它已经有自己的Wikipedia页面 ，该页面是指互联网的巴尔干化，由于技术，商业，政治，民族主义，宗教和特定利益的影响，该部分被分割和分裂。
Wasn’t the dream of the internet to create a global information network, with protocols that made it possible to interconnect any of its nodes? Thanks to its military origins, the internet was designed to be a network capable of interconnecting two points of a network, regardless of the damage it might have suffered, as a way of ensuring that Washington and Los Angeles, for example, could exchange information even if a large part of the nodes of the network linking them had been destroyed. With the incorporation of universities and, later, of practically everything else, the internet became a global information network in which communication and information of all kinds flowed without practically any limits, without the slightest attention to borders: if you could understand the language in which it was written, you could access any content.
互联网的梦想不是建立一个全球信息网络，其协议可以使任何节点互连吗？ 由于其军事起源，互联网被设计为能够互连网络两点的网络，而不管它可能遭受的损害如何，以确保例如华盛顿和洛杉矶甚至可以交换信息。如果链接它们的网络的大部分节点已被破坏。 随着大学以及后来几乎所有其他事物的融合，互联网已成为一个全球信息网络，各种通信和信息的流动几乎没有任何限制，而丝毫没有对边界的关注：如果您能理解其中的语言，它是书面的，您可以访问任何内容。
What has happened since those early days? What is is the so-called “network of networks” evolving into? Twenty years ago, North Korea built, based on the same internet protocols, its national intranet, known as Kwangmyong, or bright light: like the internet as we know it, its content is accessible via web browsers, has an internal search engine, and offers e-mail and newsgroup services. Only foreigners and a small number of government officials, academics, and elites are allowed to use the global internet in North Korea, making Kwangmyong, a free service for public use, the only network available to the vast majority of North Korean citizens… which is monitored by the government.
自从早期以来发生了什么？ 所谓的“网络网络”演变成什么？ 二十年前，朝鲜基于相同的互联网协议，建立了其国家内部网(称为Kwangmyong或明亮的光)：就像我们所知的互联网一样，其内容可通过网络浏览器访问，具有内部搜索引擎，并且提供电子邮件和新闻组服务。 只有外国人和少数政府官员，学者和精英才可以使用朝鲜的全球互联网，从而使光明市成为免费的公共服务，是唯一可供绝大多数朝鲜公民使用的网络。由政府监督。
Other countries, such as Cuba or Myanmar, use similar systems that are not part of the internet we know. In 2011, a senior Iranian official, Ali Agha-Mohammadi, announced his government’s plans to launch what he called a “halal internet”, in line with the values of Islam, designed to provide “appropriate” services and prevent access to unwanted information, also with its own email service and search engine.
古巴或缅甸等其他国家/地区也使用了类似的系统，这些系统不属于我们所知道的互联网 。 2011年，伊朗高级官员阿里·阿格哈·穆罕默迪(Ali Agha-Mohammadi)宣布了他的政府计划，根据伊斯兰的价值观启动所谓的“ 清真互联网 ”，旨在提供“适当的”服务并防止获取不必要的信息，还拥有自己的电子邮件服务和搜索引擎。
China and its Great Wall is the best known example of an isolated internet: total monitoring of all activity, and a huge censorship system that prevents Chinese citizens from accessing content and services that their government doesn’t want them to. The system, on the one hand, maintains tight social control that qualifies anyone who tries to access what they should not as a dangerous dissident, which you can skip if you are a foreigner or occasional visitor and have a working VPN, but most VPNs are illegal in the country, and although many companies with foreign activity use them, they generally operate in an environment of controlled permissiveness. On the other hand, it has kept the big international competitors out of China and allowed the country to develop domestic copies of their services, and now, big companies that grew in the huge Chinese market and are now looking at international expansion.
中国及其长城是隔离互联网的最著名例子：对所有活动的全面监控，以及庞大的审查制度，阻止中国公民访问其政府不希望其访问的内容和服务。 一方面，该系统保持严格的社会控制，使任何试图访问不应作为危险异议人士的人都有资格获得此证明，如果您是外国人或临时来访者并拥有有效的VPN，则可以跳过，但是大多数VPN都是在该国是非法的，尽管许多从事外国活动的公司都在使用它们，但它们通常在允许的控制环境下运营。 另一方面，它把大型国际竞争对手拒之于中国之外，并允许该国开发其国内服务副本，现在，在庞大的中国市场中成长并正在寻求国际扩张的大公司。
Russia forces all service providers on the network to store their data in the country, and has already announced that it has prepared a system that would allow it to disconnect completely from the internet and operate its own version for its citizens.
俄罗斯强迫网络上的所有服务提供商在该国存储他们的数据，并已宣布已准备好一个系统，该系统将使其能够完全断开与互联网的连接并为其公民使用自己的版本 。
Meanwhile, Europe, with its laws that seek to dictate how the internet should function, is increasingly leaving out more and more service providers that don’t meet its requirements. If you want access to everything, get yourself a good VPN — something most internet users still don’t have.
同时，欧洲以其法律来规定互联网应如何运作的 法律 ，越来越多地排除了越来越多不符合其要求的服务提供商 。 如果您想访问所有内容，请获得一个良好的VPN-大多数互联网用户仍然没有的VPN 。
Where do we go from here? The answer seems clear: to an internet divided into regions, with access passports and specific rules. Exactly the opposite of its original design. It starts with politics, follows with religion and culture, continues with the alleged dangers… and ends with intolerance. Apparently, the dream of the internet was too beautiful and radical for our world.
我们从这里去哪里？ 答案似乎很明确：将互联网划分为多个区域，并具有访问护照和特定规则。 与其原始设计完全相反。 它从政治开始，接着是宗教和文化，接着是所谓的危险……并以不宽容结束。 显然，互联网的梦想对我们的世界来说太美了，太激进了。
The internet is just another failed experiment, proof of what awaits us: separated into tribes with different rites and cultures, humans are completely incapable of responding to the great challenges they face as a species. If we are not even able to communicate through a screen, then one can only imagine how we’re going to deal collectively with the most important challenge we face, the climate emergency.
互联网只是另一个失败的实验，证明了等待着我们的一切：被分成具有不同仪式和文化的部落，人类完全无力应对作为一个物种所面临的巨大挑战。 如果我们甚至无法通过屏幕进行通信，那么人们只能想象我们将如何集体应对面临的最重要挑战， 即气候紧急情况 。
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