回声TCP服务器端/客户端

最新推荐文章于 2023-06-30 10:15:47 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2023-06-30 10:15:47 发布

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原文链接：http://www.cnblogs.com/ACGame/p/9906647.html

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一、TCP服务端

1、TCP服务端的默认函数调用顺序

socket()创建套接字
bind()分配套接字地址
listen()等待请求连接状态
accept()允许连接
read()/write()数据交换
close()断开连接

2、进入等待连接请求状态

　　只有调用了listen函数，客户端才能进入可发出连接请求的状态。即这时客户端才能调用connect()函数（若提前调用将发生错误）。

　　int listen(int sock, int backlog);

　　成功返回0，失败返回-1。sock指服务器端套接字，backlog指连接请求队列的长度，若为5，则队列长度为5，表示最多使5个连接请求进入队列。

3、受理客户端连接请求

　　int accept();

　　accept函数受理连接请求队列中待处理的客户端连接请求。函数调用成功时，accept函数内部将产生用于数据IO的套接字，并返回其文件描述符。需要强调的是，套接字是自动创建的，并自动与发起连接请求的客户端建立连接。

二、TCP客户端

1、TCP客户端的默认函数调用顺序

socket()创建套接字
connect()请求连接
read/write数据交换
close()断开连接

2、connect()

　　客户端调用connect函数后，发生以下情况之一才会返回（完成函数调用）：

服务器端接收连接请求。
发生断网等异常情况而中断连接请求。

　　所谓的“接收连接”并不一位置服务器端调用accept函数，其实是服务器端把连接请求信息记录到等待队列。因此，connect函数返回后并不立即进行数据交换。

　　客户端的IP地址和端口是在调用connect函数时自动分配的。

三、回声服务端/客户端

1、linux

服务端：

 1 #include <stdio.h>
 2 #include <stdlib.h>
 3 #include <string.h>
 4 #include <unistd.h>
 5 #include <arpa/inet.h>
 6 #include <sys/socket.h>
 7 
 8 #define BUF_SIZE 1024
 9 void error_handling(char * messages);
10 
11 int main(int argc, char *argv[])
12 {
13     if(argc != 2)
14     {
15         printf("Usage : %s <port>\n", argv[0]);
16         exit(1);
17     }
18     int serverSock, clientSock;
19     struct sockaddr_in serverAddr, clientAddr;
20     socklen_t clientAddrSize;
21 
22     char message[BUF_SIZE];
23     int strLen;
24 
25     serverSock =socket(PF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
26     if(serverSock == -1)
27         error_handling("socket() error");
28 
29     memset(&serverAddr, 0, sizeof(serverAddr));
30     serverAddr.sin_family = AF_INET;
31     serverAddr.sin_addr.s_addr = htonl(INADDR_ANY);
32     serverAddr.sin_port = htons(atoi(argv[1]));
33 
34     if(bind(serverSock, (struct sockaddr*) &serverAddr, sizeof(serverAddr)) == -1)
35         error_handling("bind() error");
36     if(listen(serverSock, 5) == -1)
37         error_handling("listen() error");
38 
39     puts("Server start...");
40     clientAddrSize = sizeof(clientAddr);
41     for(int i = 0; i < 5; i++){
42         clientSock = accept(serverSock, (struct sockaddr*) &clientAddr, &clientAddrSize);
43         if(clientSock == -1)
44             error_handling("accept() error");
45         else
46             printf("Connected client %d\n", i+1);
47         while((strLen=read(clientSock, message, BUF_SIZE)) != 0){
48             puts("echo");
49             write(clientSock, message, strLen);
50         }
51         printf("Close client %d\n", i+1);
52         close(clientSock);
53     }
54 
55     close(serverSock);
56     puts("Server close...");
57     return 0;
58 }
59 
60 void error_handling(char * messages)
61 {
62     puts(messages);
63     exit(1);
64 }

View Code

客户端：

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>

#define BUF_SIZE 1024
void error_handling(char * messages);

int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
    if(argc != 3)
    {
        printf("Usage : %s <IP> <port>\n", argv[0]);
        exit(1);
    }
    int sock;
    struct sockaddr_in serv_addr;
    char message[BUF_SIZE];
    int strLen;

    sock = socket(PF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
    if(sock == -1)
        error_handling("socket() error");

    memset(&serv_addr, 0, sizeof(serv_addr));
    serv_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
    serv_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr(argv[1]);
    serv_addr.sin_port = htons(atoi(argv[2]));

    if(connect(sock, (struct sockaddr*) &serv_addr, sizeof(serv_addr)) == -1)
        error_handling("connect() error");
    else
        puts("Connected...");
    while(1){
        puts("Input message(Q to quit):");
        fgets(message, BUF_SIZE, stdin);
        if(!strcmp(message, "q\n") || !strcmp(message, "Q\n"))
            break;

        strLen=strlen(message);
        write(sock, message, strlen(message));
        int recvLen = 0;
        while(recvLen < strLen){
            int recvCnt = read(sock, &message[recvLen], BUF_SIZE-1);
            if(recvCnt == -1)
                error_handling("read() error");
            recvLen+=recvCnt;
        }
        message[recvLen]=0;
        printf("Message from server: %s\n", message);
    }
    close(sock);
    return 0;
}

void error_handling(char * messages)
{
    puts(messages);
    exit(1);
}

View Code

2、windows

服务端：

 1 #include <stdio.h>
 2 #include <stdlib.h>
 3 #include <WinSock2.h>
 4 
 5 #define BUF_SIZE 1024
 6 void ErrorHandling(char *message);
 7 
 8 int main(int argc, char *argv[])
 9 {
10     if (argc != 2) {
11         printf("Usage : %s <port>\n", argv[0]);
12         exit(1);
13     }
14 
15     WSADATA wsaData;
16     SOCKET serverSock, clientSock;
17     SOCKADDR_IN serverAddr, clientAddr;
18     int szClientAddr;
19     char message[BUF_SIZE];
20     int slen;
21 
22     if (WSAStartup(MAKEWORD(2, 2), &wsaData) != 0)
23         ErrorHandling("WSAStartup() error");
24 
25     serverSock = socket(PF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
26     if (serverSock == INVALID_SOCKET)
27         ErrorHandling("socket() error");
28     memset(&serverAddr, 0, sizeof(serverAddr));
29     serverAddr.sin_family = AF_INET;
30     serverAddr.sin_addr.s_addr = htonl(INADDR_ANY);
31     serverAddr.sin_port = htons(atoi(argv[1]));
32 
33     if (bind(serverSock, (SOCKADDR*)&serverAddr, sizeof(serverAddr)) == SOCKET_ERROR)
34         ErrorHandling("bind() error");
35 
36     if (listen(serverSock, 5) == SOCKET_ERROR)
37         ErrorHandling("listen() error");
38     for (int i = 0; i < 5; ++i) {
39         szClientAddr = sizeof(clientAddr);
40         clientSock = accept(serverSock, (SOCKADDR*)&clientAddr, &szClientAddr);
41         if (clientSock == INVALID_SOCKET)
42             ErrorHandling("accept() error");
43         else
44             printf("Connected client %d\n", i);
45         while ((slen =recv(clientSock, message, BUF_SIZE, 0)) != 0)
46         {
47             send(clientSock, message, slen, 0);
48         }
49         closesocket(clientSock);
50         printf("Closed client %d\n", i);
51     }
52     closesocket(serverSock);
53     WSACleanup();
54     return 0;
55 }
56 
57 void ErrorHandling(char *message) {
58     fputs(message, stderr);
59     fputc('\n', stderr);
60 }

View Code

客户端：

 1 #pragma warning(disable:4996)
 2 #include <stdio.h>
 3 #include <stdlib.h>
 4 #include <string.h>
 5 #include <winsock2.h>
 6 
 7 #define BUF_SIZE 1024
 8 void ErrorHandling(char *message);
 9 
10 int main(int argc, char* argv[]) {
11     if (argc != 3) {
12         printf("Usage : %s <IP> <port>\n", argv[0]);
13         exit(1);
14     }
15 
16     WSADATA wsaData;
17     SOCKET sock;
18     SOCKADDR_IN serverAddr;
19     char message[BUF_SIZE];
20     int sLen, recvLen;
21 
22     if (WSAStartup(MAKEWORD(2, 2), &wsaData) != 0)
23         ErrorHandling("WSAStartup() error");
24 
25     sock = socket(PF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
26     if (sock == INVALID_SOCKET)
27         ErrorHandling("socket() error");
28 
29     memset(&serverAddr, 0, sizeof(serverAddr));
30     serverAddr.sin_family = AF_INET;
31     serverAddr.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr(argv[1]);
32     serverAddr.sin_port = htons(atoi(argv[2]));
33 
34     if (connect(sock, (SOCKADDR*)&serverAddr, sizeof(serverAddr)) == SOCKET_ERROR)
35         ErrorHandling("connect() error");
36     else
37         printf("Connected.......\n");
38     while (1)
39     {
40         fputs("Input message(Q to quit):", stdout);
41         fgets(message, BUF_SIZE, stdin);
42         if(!strcmp(message, "q\n") || !strcmp(message, "Q\n"))
43             break;
44         sLen = send(sock, message, strlen(message), 0);
45         recvLen = 0;
46         while (recvLen < sLen) {
47             int cnt = recv(sock, message, BUF_SIZE - 1, 0);
48             if (cnt == -1)
49                 ErrorHandling("ercv() error");
50             recvLen += cnt;
51         }
52         message[recvLen] = 0;
53         printf("Message from server: %s\n", message);
54     }
55     closesocket(sock);
56     WSACleanup();
57     return 0;
58 }
59 
60 void ErrorHandling(char *message) {
61     fputs(message, stderr);
62     fputc('\n', stderr);
63 }