Java检索指定数字范围_java – 随机选择指定概率分布范围内的数字

如果您的发行版可能会发生变化,那么您不希望以Kevin的答案方式对您的发行版进行硬编码,您可以使用

NavigableMap方法使用

NavigableMap.这允许您为选择选项指定权重.然后,您可以生成从0到权重总和的随机数.然后根据您的加权分布统计输出.

创建地图后,选择条目的代码非常短：

Random rand = new Random();

...

double rnd = rand.nextDouble() * totalWeight;

int elem = map.ceilingEntry(rnd).getValue();

要创建任意分布,您可以执行以下操作：

int[] options = new int[]{3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10};

double[] weights = new double[]{ 0.85/3d, 0.85/3d, 0.85/3d,

0.10/3d, 0.10/3d, 0.10/3d,

0.05/2d, 0.05/2d };

NavigableMap map = new TreeMap();

double totalWeight = 0d;

for (int i = 0; i < weights.length; i++) {

totalWeight += weights[i];

map.put(totalWeight, options[i]);

}

测试这10000多个选项给出了以下权重：

03: 28.99%

04: 28.10%

05: 28.06%

06: 3.27%

07: 3.62%

08: 3.08%

09: 2.40%

10: 2.48%

测试代码：

// select from the weighted elements

Random rand = new Random();

HashMap freqs = new HashMap();

int iterations = 10000;

for(int i = 0; i < iterations; i++) {

double rnd = rand.nextDouble() * totalWeight;

int elem = map.ceilingEntry(rnd).getValue();

freqs.put(elem, (freqs.containsKey(elem) ? freqs.get(elem) : 0) + (1d/iterations));

}

Map sortedFreqs = new TreeMap(freqs);

for(Map.Entry entry : sortedFreqs.entrySet()) {

System.out.printf("%02d: %.2f%% %n", entry.getKey(), entry.getValue() * 100d);

}