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◆非此即彼逻辑错误

Argument

72

增加长期通勤乘客使用公家车频率的方法

The

following

appeared

in

the

editorial

section

of

a

local

newspaper.

“Commuter

use

of

the

new

subway

train

is

exceeding

the

transit

company’s

projections.

However,

commuter

use

of

the

shuttle

buses

that

transport

people

to

the

subway

stations

is

below

the

projected

volume.

If

the

transit

company

expects

commuters

to

ride

the

shuttle

buses

to

the

subway

rather

than

drive

there,

it

must

either

reduce

the

shuttle

bus

fares

or

increase

the

price

of

parking

at

the

subway

stations.”

Discuss

how

well

reasoned

you

find

this

argument.

In

your

discussion

be

sure

to

analyze

the

line

of

reasoning

and

the

use

of

evidence

in

the

argument.

For

example,

you

may

need

to

consider

what

questionable

assumptions

underlie

the

thinking

and

what

alternative

explanations

or

counterexamples

might

weaken

the

conclusion.

You

can

also

discuss

what

sort

of

evidence

would

strengthen

or

refute

the

argument,

what

changes

in

the

argument

would

make

it

more

logically

sound,

and

what,

if

anything,

would

help

you

better

evaluate

its

conclusion.

【参考范文】

The

author

concludes

that

the

local

transit

company

must

either

reduce

fares

for

the

shuttle

buses

that

transport

people

to

their

subway

stations

or

increase

parking

fees

at

the

stations.

The

reasons

offered

to

support

this

conclusion

are

that