阵处理与波束形成学习心得（二）

第二节：传感器阵列：空间采样

此部分的原理描述采用引用一段原文

In general, we can think of a sensor array as a mechanism for spatially sampling wavefronts propagating at a certain operating (carrier) frequency. Since in most instances the user either controls or has knowledge of the operating frequency, the sensor array provides a reliable means of interrogating the incoming wavefront for information. Similar to temporal sampling, the sensor array provides discrete (spatially sampled) data that can be used without loss of information, provided certain conditions are met. Namely, the sampling frequency must be high enough so as not to create spatial ambiguities or, in other words, to avoid spatial aliasing. The advantages of discrete-time processing and digital filtering have been well documented (Oppenheim and Schafer 1989; Proakis and Manolakis 1996). In the case of the spatial processing of signals, spatial sampling using an array provides the capabi