读写图像

imread 可以指定加载为灰度或者RGB图像 Imwrite 保存图像文件，类型由扩展名决定

读一个GRAY像素点的像素值（CV_8UC1） Scalar intensity = img.at<uchar>(y, x); 或者 Scalar intensity = img.at<uchar>(Point(x, y));

读一个RGB像素点的像素值 Vec3f intensity = img.at<Vec3f>(y, x); float blue = intensity.val[0]; float green = intensity.val[1]; float red = intensity.val[2];

灰度图像 img.at<uchar>(y, x) = 128;

RGB三通道图像 img.at<Vec3b>(y,x)[0]=128; // blue img.at<Vec3b>(y,x)[1]=128; // green img.at<Vec3b>(y,x)[2]=128; // red

空白图像赋值 img = Scalar(0);

ROI选择 Rect r(10, 10, 100, 100); Mat smallImg = img(r);

Vec3b对应三通道的顺序是blue、green、red的uchar类型数据。 Vec3f对应三通道的float类型数据 把CV_8UC1转换到CV32F1实现如下： src.convertTo(dst, CV_32F);

#include <opencv2/opencv.hpp>
#include <iostream>
#include <math.h>
using namespace cv;

int main(void) {
	Mat src, gray_src;
	src = imread("C:/Users/Robin/Pictures/test.jpg");
	if (src.empty()) {
		std::cout << "could not load image..\n";
		return -1;
	}

	namedWindow("input", CV_WINDOW_AUTOSIZE);
	imshow("input", src);

	cvtColor(src, gray_src, CV_BGR2GRAY);//单通道
	int height = gray_src.rows;
	int width = gray_src.cols;
	namedWindow("output", CV_WINDOW_AUTOSIZE);
	imshow("output", gray_src);

	//单通道
	for (int row = 0; row < height; row++) {
		for (int col = 0; col < width; col++) {
			int gray = gray_src.at<uchar>(row, col);//像素值
			gray_src.at<uchar>(row, col) = 255 - gray;
		}
	}

	Mat dst;
	dst.create(src.size(), src.type());
	height = src.rows;
	width = src.cols;
	int hc = src.channels();//获得通道数

	//for (int row = 0; row < height; row++) {
	//	for (int col = 0; col < width; col++) {
	//		if (hc == 1) {
	//			int gray = gray_src.at<uchar>(row, col);//像素值
	//			gray_src.at<uchar>(row, col) = 255 - gray;
	//		}
	//		else if (hc == 3) {
	//			int b = dst.at<Vec3b>(row, col)[0];
	//			int g = dst.at<Vec3b>(row, col)[1];
	//			int r = dst.at<Vec3b>(row, col)[2];
	//			dst.at<Vec3b>(row, col)[0] = 255 - b;
	//			dst.at<Vec3b>(row, col)[1] = 255 - g;
	//			dst.at<Vec3b>(row, col)[2] = 255 - r;
	//		}
	//	
	//	}
	//}
	bitwise_not(src, dst);
	imshow("output", dst);
	waitKey(0);
	return 0;
}