形态学操作

l开操作- open

l闭操作- close

l形态学梯度- Morphological Gradient

l顶帽 – top hat

l黑帽 – black hat

开操作- open

先腐蚀后膨胀 可以去掉小的对象，假设对象是前景色，背景是黑色

morphologyEx(src, dest, CV_MOP_BLACKHAT, kernel);
 - Mat src – 输入图像
 - Mat dest – 输出结果
 - int OPT – CV_MOP_OPEN/ CV_MOP_CLOSE/ CV_MOP_GRADIENT / CV_MOP_TOPHAT/ CV_MOP_BLACKHAT 形态学操作类型
Mat kernel 结构元素
int Iteration 迭代次数，默认是1

#include <opencv2/opencv.hpp>
#include <iostream>
#include <math.h>
using namespace cv;


int main(void) {
	Mat src, dest;
	src = imread("C:/Users/Robin/Pictures/34.jpg");
	if (!src.data) {
		std::cout << "could not load image1..\n";
		return -1;
	}

	namedWindow("input image", CV_WINDOW_AUTOSIZE);
	imshow("input image", src);

	char output_title[] = "morphlogy demo";
	namedWindow(output_title, CV_WINDOW_AUTOSIZE);

	//开操作
	Mat kernel = getStructuringElement(MORPH_RECT, Size(3, 3), Point(-1, -1));
	morphologyEx(src, dest, CV_MOP_OPEN, kernel);
	imshow(output_title, dest);

	waitKey(0);	
	return 0;
}

闭操作-close

先膨胀后腐蚀（bin2） 可以填充小的洞（fill hole），假设对象是前景色，背景是黑色

#include <opencv2/opencv.hpp>
#include <iostream>
#include <math.h>
using namespace cv;


int main(void) {
	Mat src, dest;
	src = imread("C:/Users/Robin/Pictures/34.jpg");
	if (!src.data) {
		std::cout << "could not load image1..\n";
		return -1;
	}

	namedWindow("input image", CV_WINDOW_AUTOSIZE);
	imshow("input image", src);

	char output_title[] = "morphlogy demo";
	namedWindow(output_title, CV_WINDOW_AUTOSIZE);

	//闭操作
	Mat kernel = getStructuringElement(MORPH_RECT, Size(3, 3), Point(-1, -1));
	morphologyEx(src, dest, CV_MOP_CLOSE, kernel);
	imshow(output_title, dest);

	waitKey(0);	
	return 0;
}

形态学梯度- Morphological Gradient

膨胀减去腐蚀 又称为基本梯度（其它还包括-内部梯度、方向梯度）

#include <opencv2/opencv.hpp>
#include <iostream>
#include <math.h>
using namespace cv;


int main(void) {
	Mat src, dest;
	src = imread("C:/Users/Robin/Pictures/34.jpg");
	if (!src.data) {
		std::cout << "could not load image1..\n";
		return -1;
	}

	namedWindow("input image", CV_WINDOW_AUTOSIZE);
	imshow("input image", src);

	char output_title[] = "morphlogy demo";
	namedWindow(output_title, CV_WINDOW_AUTOSIZE);

	//梯度
	Mat kernel = getStructuringElement(MORPH_RECT, Size(3, 3), Point(-1, -1));
	morphologyEx(src, dest, CV_MOP_GRADIENT, kernel);
	imshow(output_title, dest);

	waitKey(0);	
	return 0;
}

顶帽 – top hat

顶帽 是原图像与开操作之间的差值图像

#include <opencv2/opencv.hpp>
#include <iostream>
#include <math.h>
using namespace cv;


int main(void) {
	Mat src, dest;
	src = imread("C:/Users/Robin/Pictures/34.jpg");
	if (!src.data) {
		std::cout << "could not load image1..\n";
		return -1;
	}

	namedWindow("input image", CV_WINDOW_AUTOSIZE);
	imshow("input image", src);

	char output_title[] = "morphlogy demo";
	namedWindow(output_title, CV_WINDOW_AUTOSIZE);

	//顶帽
	Mat kernel = getStructuringElement(MORPH_RECT, Size(3, 3), Point(-1, -1));
	morphologyEx(src, dest, CV_MOP_TOPHAT, kernel);
	imshow(output_title, dest);

	waitKey(0);	
	return 0;
}

黑帽

黑帽是闭操作图像与源图像的差值图像

#include <opencv2/opencv.hpp>
#include <iostream>
#include <math.h>
using namespace cv;


int main(void) {
	Mat src, dest;
	src = imread("C:/Users/Robin/Pictures/34.jpg");
	if (!src.data) {
		std::cout << "could not load image1..\n";
		return -1;
	}

	namedWindow("input image", CV_WINDOW_AUTOSIZE);
	imshow("input image", src);

	char output_title[] = "morphlogy demo";
	namedWindow(output_title, CV_WINDOW_AUTOSIZE);

	//黑帽
	Mat kernel = getStructuringElement(MORPH_RECT, Size(3, 3), Point(-1, -1));
	morphologyEx(src, dest, CV_MOP_BLACKHAT, kernel);
	imshow(output_title, dest);

	waitKey(0);	
	return 0;
}