安装win10 和ubuntu18.04双系统时 device for boot installation的选择

最近在笔记本上安装ubuntu18.04，电脑预装了win10，有两个盘，128G的SSD   1T的HDD， win10装在了SSD上。磁盘是GPT UEFI启动模式。在HDD上压缩了空间安装Ubuntu，

在安装界面上有一个   Device for boot installation选项，默认选的是sda.

注意到这个选项后我查询了其含义，并小钻研了一下。为选择 Device for boot installation做个参考

                   （  盗用的图，自己安装时没拍照，只是想说该选项在哪）

首先boot loader不多解释，windows用的是windows boot manager, ubuntu18.04是grub2。  UEFI启动模式的电脑有个efi system partion用来存储boot loader      电脑会给磁盘排序sda  sdb sdc之类的，比如我的电脑两个盘，所以是sda sdb,电脑启动的时候依次在sda sdb ……里找boot loader,如果找到了就不找下个盘，都找不到启动失败，报错。

   如果将ubuntu18.04的boot loader 装在sda（或者装在sda 的efi分区即windows boot manager）那么ubuntu 的grub会管理windows 和ubuntu，也就是会出现如下启动界面

但是这会导致的结果就是grub引导windows如果删除ubuntu会导致windows无法启动，需要用Windows10安装盘修复windows boot loader

    如果把ubuntu18.04的boot loader 装在sdb（或者在sdb上新建一个efi分区）则会导致每次启动都是windows根本无法启动ubuntu。解决方法是在boot setup中调整磁盘的编号，或者如果两个盘都新建了efi分区，调整两个efi分区的优先级。有点是windows启动不依靠grub，缺点很明显，调整后，每次启动要不就是ubuntu要不就是windows无法像前面的方法那样选择。除非很少用window不建议这么做。

所以如果想每次都能选择的话，最好将device for boot loader installation选择为sda中的efi分区（windows boot manager)

 

下面是英文原文链接可以参考：https://forums.linuxmint.com/viewtopic.php?t=222876

In order for the boot loader (GRUB) to function correctly, it has to be on the first HD in the system. The reason for this is that is where the BIOS looks for it first. If there is no boot loader on the first disk, the BIOS will then look to the next device in the boot sequence, and so on until it finds a boot loader (which it will use) of if it finds no boot loader, the boot fails.

As your system is configured now, the first physical disk (SDA) contains Win10 and the Win boot loader. So if you install GRUB to SDB (the second physical disk), the BIOS will never look to SDB for a boot loader because it is configured to look to the Win10 disk first. BUT, you can change the drive order in the BIOS effectively switching the 2 drives. If you made that switch, your first disk and second disk would be swapped so that the Win10 disk would be second and the other disk would be first. This would change the Linux drive designations so that SDA would become SDB and the previous DSB would become SDA. So in you had installed GRUB to the non-Win10 disk, that disk would be first (aka SDA) and GRUB would control the system booting. The advantage to this arrangement is that the boot sector of the Win10 disk is unaltered and if for any reason GRUB becomes corrupted, you could simply go into the BIOS and switch the drives back to their original order and Win10 could boot without GRUB. If you can get GRUB to see the Win10 partition on what is now SDB, this would IMO be the preferable arrangement because of the advantage described above. If you can't get GRUB to see Win10 or don't care if GRUB sees Win10 because you only use WIn10 rarely, this arrangement might also be OK... but if you plan to switch back and forth between Win10 and LM, this arrangement would become rather tedious and annoying quickly and is not the best approach. I like this approach because of the ease or reverting back to a GRUB free Win10 only environment if you want.
 

注意：现在电脑很少有bios的基本都是UEFI所以看的时候，注意一下