【Udacity】3,5,10，将摘要与原始数据叠加

目的：将原始的age和friend_count的散点图和摘要绘制的图形放在一起

1、更改原始数据的绘图颜色，以便在合并后仍然可以看清
导入数据

getwd()
library('ggplot2')
pf <- read.csv('pseudo_facebook.tsv',sep = '\t')

更改颜色

ggplot(aes(x=age,y=friend_count),data=pf)+
  geom_point(alpha=1/20,
             position = position_jitter(h=0),
             color='orange')+
  xlim(13,90)+
  coord_trans(y="sqrt")

2、按照年龄的平均好友数覆盖在原始数据上

> ggplot(aes(x=age,y=friend_count),data=pf)+
+     geom_point(alpha=1/20,
+                position = position_jitter(h=0),
+                color='orange')+
+     xlim(13,90)+
+     coord_trans(y="sqrt")+
+     geom_line(stat = 'summary',fun.y=mean)

3、显示更多细节，同时显示更多汇总

• 添加10分位数

> ggplot(aes(x=age,y=friend_count),data=pf)+
+     geom_point(alpha=1/20,
+                position = position_jitter(h=0),
+                color='orange')+
+     xlim(13,90)+
+     coord_trans(y="sqrt")+
+     geom_line(stat = 'summary',fun.y=mean)+
+     geom_line(stat='summary',fun.y=quantile,probs = .1)
**Warning: Ignoring unknown parameters: probs**
Warning messages:
1: Removed 4906 rows containing non-finite values (stat_summary). 
2: Removed 4906 rows containing non-finite values (stat_summary). 
3: Removed 5200 rows containing missing values (geom_point). 

注意：ggplot 2.0.0 在使用 stat = ‘summary’ 时改变了函数“参数自变量”的语法。要表示在 fun.y 指定的函数上设置的参数，请使用 fun.args 参数，比如
geom_line(stat = ‘summary’, fun.y = quantile, fun.args = list(probs = .9), … )

> ggplot(aes(x=age,y=friend_count),data=pf)+
+     geom_point(alpha=1/20,
+                position = position_jitter(h=0),
+                color='orange')+
+     xlim(13,90)+
+     coord_trans(y="sqrt")+
+     geom_line(stat = 'summary',fun.y=mean)+
+     geom_line(stat='summary',fun.y=quantile,fun.args=list(probs = .1))
Warning messages:
1: Removed 4906 rows containing non-finite values (stat_summary). 
2: Removed 4906 rows containing non-finite values (stat_summary). 
3: Removed 5182 rows containing missing values (geom_point). 

更改颜色和线条属性

> ggplot(aes(x=age,y=friend_count),data=pf)+
+     geom_point(alpha=1/20,
+                position = position_jitter(h=0),
+                color='orange')+
+     xlim(13,90)+
+     coord_trans(y="sqrt")+
+     geom_line(stat = 'summary',fun.y=mean)+
+     geom_line(stat='summary',fun.y=quantile,fun.args=list(probs = .1),
+               linetype=2,color='blue')
Warning messages:
1: Removed 4906 rows containing non-finite values (stat_summary). 
2: Removed 4906 rows containing non-finite values (stat_summary). 
3: Removed 5183 rows containing missing values (geom_point). 

添加90分位

> ggplot(aes(x=age,y=friend_count),data=pf)+
+     geom_point(alpha=1/20,
+                position = position_jitter(h=0),
+                color='orange')+
+     xlim(13,90)+
+     coord_trans(y="sqrt")+
+     geom_line(stat = 'summary',fun.y=mean)+
+     geom_line(stat='summary',fun.y=quantile,fun.args=list(probs = .1),
+               linetype=2,color='blue')+
+     geom_line(stat='summary',fun.y=quantile,fun.args=list(probs = .9),
+               linetype=2,color='blue')

添加50分位

> ggplot(aes(x=age,y=friend_count),data=pf)+
+     geom_point(alpha=1/20,
+                position = position_jitter(h=0),
+                color='orange')+
+     xlim(13,90)+
+     coord_trans(y="sqrt")+
+     geom_line(stat = 'summary',fun.y=mean)+
+     geom_line(stat='summary',fun.y=quantile,fun.args=list(probs = .1),
+               linetype=2,color='blue')+
+     geom_line(stat='summary',fun.y=quantile,fun.args=list(probs = .5),
+               color='blue')+
+     geom_line(stat='summary',fun.y=quantile,fun.args=list(probs = .9),
+               linetype=2,color='blue')

在 R 中计算 某一位百分比.
3、添加coord_cartesian图层，放大图层的不同部分
要缩进，你可以使用 coord_cartesian(xlim = c(13, 90)) 层，而不是 xlim(13, 90)。
如果你对 coord_cartesian() 和 quantile() 函数不熟悉，请阅读相关文档。

使用coord_cartesian放大某个部分要先去掉coord_trans和xlim图层

> ggplot(aes(x=age,y=friend_count),data=pf)+
+     geom_point(alpha=1/20,
+                position = position_jitter(h=0),
+                color='orange')+
+     coord_cartesian(xlim = c(13,70),ylim = c(0,1000))+
+     geom_line(stat = 'summary',fun.y=mean)+
+     geom_line(stat='summary',fun.y=quantile,fun.args=list(probs = .1),
+               linetype=2,color='blue')+
+     geom_line(stat='summary',fun.y=quantile,fun.args=list(probs = .5),
+               color='blue')+
+     geom_line(stat='summary',fun.y=quantile,fun.args=list(probs = .9),
+               linetype=2,color='blue')