有链接和无链接的socket通信

本博文给出了两个socket通信的例子，一个是需要建立链接的，一个是不需要建立链接的。

1.直接上代码：echo_serv.c

#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <string.h>

#define EHCO_PORT 8080
#define MAX_CLIENT_NUM 10

int main()
{
	int sock_fd;
	struct sockaddr_in serv_addr;
	int clientfd;
	struct sockaddr_in clientAdd;
	char buff[101];
	socklen_t len;
	int n;
	//创建socket
	sock_fd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM,0);
	if(sock_fd == -1)
	{
		perror("create socket error!");
		return 0;
	}
	else
	{
		printf("Success to create socket %d\n",sock_fd);
	}
	//设置server地址结构
	bzero(&serv_addr,sizeof(serv_addr));
	serv_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
	serv_addr.sin_port = htons(EHCO_PORT);
	serv_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = htons(INADDR_ANY);
	bzero(&(serv_addr.sin_zero),8);
	//把地址和套接字绑定
	if(bind(sock_fd,(struct sockaddr*)&serv_addr,sizeof(serv_addr))!=0)
	{
		printf("bind address fail! %d\n",errno);
		close(sock_fd);
		return 0;
	}
	else
	{
		printf("Success to bind address!\n");
	}
	//设置套接字接听
	if(listen(sock_fd,MAX_CLIENT_NUM)!=0)
	{
		perror("listen socket error!\n");
		close(sock_fd);
		return 0;
	}
	else
	{
		printf("Success to listen.\n");
	}
	//创建新连接对应的套接字
	len = sizeof(clientAdd);
	clientfd = accept(sock_fd,(struct sockaddr*)&clientAdd,&len);
	if(clientfd<=0)
	{
		perror("accept error!\n");
		close(sock_fd);
		return 0;
	}
	//接收用户发来的数据
	while((n=recv(clientfd,buff,100,0))>0)
	{
		buff[n]='\0';
		printf("number of receive bytes = %d data = %s\n",n,buff);
		//fflush(stdout);
		send(clientfd,buff,n,0);
		if(strncmp(buff,"quit",4)==0)
			break;
	}
	close(clientfd);
	close(sock_fd);
	return 0;
}

echo_client.c

#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <string.h>

#define EHCO_PORT 8080
#define MAX_COMMAND 5

int main()
{
	int sock_fd;
	struct sockaddr_in serv_addr;
	
	char *buff[MAX_COMMAND]={"abc","def","test","hello","quit"};
	char tmp_buf[100];
	char send_buf[100];
	int n,i,X=500,Y=500;
	//
	sock_fd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM,0);
	if(sock_fd == -1)
	{
		perror("create socket error!");
		return 0;
	}
	else
	{
		printf("Success to create socket %d\n",sock_fd);
	}
	//
	bzero(&serv_addr,sizeof(serv_addr));
	serv_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
	serv_addr.sin_port = htons(EHCO_PORT);
	serv_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = htons(INADDR_ANY);
	bzero(&(serv_addr.sin_zero),8);
	//
	if(-1 == connect(sock_fd, (struct sockaddr*)&serv_addr,sizeof(serv_addr)))
	{
		perror("connect() error!\n");
		close(sock_fd);
		return 0;
	}
	printf("Success connect to server!\n");
	
	//发送数据
	/*
	for(i=0;i<MAX_COMMAND;i++)
	{
		send(sock_fd,buff[i],100,0);
		n = recv(sock_fd,tmp_buf,100,0);
		tmp_buf[n]='\0';
		printf("data send:%s receive:%s\n",buff[i],tmp_buf);
		if(0==strncmp(tmp_buf,"quit",4))
			break;
	}
	*/
	while(1)
	{
		//n=scanf("%s",send_buf);	//scanf函数会考虑空白作为换行符号
		printf("***pls send data:");
		//gets(send_buf);		//gets函数不够安全，因为不考虑缓冲区大小，会覆盖越界部分，蠕虫病毒就是这个原理
		//fgets(send_buf,100,stdin);//如果用fgets函数的话，换行符号会保存在字符串中
		n=sprintf(send_buf,"X=%d,Y=%d\n",X,Y);
		send(sock_fd,send_buf,100,0);
		n = recv(sock_fd,tmp_buf,100,0);
		tmp_buf[n]='\0';
		printf("data send:%s receive:%s\n",send_buf,tmp_buf);
		if(0==strncmp(send_buf,"quit",4))
			break;
	}
	close(sock_fd);
	
	return 0;
}

2.不建立链接的例子：客户端向服务端请求当前时间，服务端收到之后，返回时间，结束。

time_serv.c

#include<sys/types.h>
#include<sys/socket.h>
#include<netinet/in.h>
#include<arpa/inet.h>
#include<unistd.h>
#include<stdio.h>
#include<errno.h>
#include<time.h>
#include<string.h>

#define TIME_PORT 9090
#define DATA_SIZE 256

int main()
{
	int sock_fd;
	struct sockaddr_in local;
	struct sockaddr_in from;
	int n;
	socklen_t fromlen;
	char buff[DATA_SIZE];
	time_t cur_time;
	
	sock_fd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM,0);
	if(sock_fd <=0)
	{
		perror("create socket error!");
		return 0;
	}
	printf("create socket.");
	
	local.sin_family = AF_INET;
	local.sin_port = htons(TIME_PORT);
	local.sin_addr.s_addr=INADDR_ANY;
	
	if(0!=bind(sock_fd,(struct sockaddr*)&local,sizeof(local)))
	{
		perror("bind socket error!");
		close(sock_fd);
		return 0;
	}
	printf("Bind socket.");
	
	fromlen = sizeof(from);
	printf("waiting request from client...\n");
	while(1)
	{
		n=recvfrom(sock_fd,buff,sizeof(buff),0,(struct sockaddr*)&from, &fromlen);
		if(n<=0)
		{
			perror("recv data!\n");
			close(sock_fd);
			return 0;
		}
		buff[n]='\0';
		printf("client request: %s\n",buff);
		if(0==strncmp(buff,"quit",4))
			break;
		if(0==strncmp(buff,"time",4))
		{
			cur_time = time(NULL);
			strcpy(buff,asctime(gmtime(&cur_time)));
			sendto(sock_fd,buff,sizeof(buff),0,(struct sockaddr*)&from,fromlen);
		}
	}
	close(sock_fd);
}

time_client.c

#include<sys/types.h>
#include<sys/socket.h>
#include<netinet/in.h>
#include<arpa/inet.h>
#include<unistd.h>
#include<stdio.h>
#include<errno.h>
#include<time.h>
#include<string.h>

#define TIME_PORT 9090
#define DATA_SIZE 256

int main()
{
	int sock_fd;
	struct sockaddr_in serv;
	int n;
	socklen_t servlen;
	char buff[DATA_SIZE];
	
	sock_fd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM,0);
	if(sock_fd <=0)
	{
		perror("create socket error!");
		return 0;
	}
	printf("create socket.");
	
	serv.sin_family = AF_INET;
	serv.sin_port = htons(TIME_PORT);
	serv.sin_addr.s_addr=INADDR_ANY;
	servlen = sizeof(serv);
	//
	strcpy(buff,"time");
	if(-1==sendto(sock_fd,buff,sizeof(buff),0,(struct sockaddr*)&serv,servlen))
	{
		perror("send data");
		close(sock_fd);
		return 0;
	}
	printf("send time request\n");
	n=recvfrom(sock_fd,buff,sizeof(buff),0,(struct sockaddr*)&serv,&servlen);
	if(n<=0)
	{
		perror("recv data!\n");
		close(sock_fd);
		return 0;
	}
	buff[n]='\0';
	printf("time from server:%s",buff);
	
	strcpy(buff,"quit");
	if(-1==sendto(sock_fd,buff,sizeof(buff),0,(struct sockaddr*)&serv,servlen))
	{
		perror("send data");
		close(sock_fd);
		return 0;
	}
	printf("send quit command\n");
	close(sock_fd);
	return 0;
}

编译的话，可以使用之前写的Makefile文件，生成同名的可执行文件。