Service(Android四大组件之一)

1.用startService启动

activity向service传递参数（包括创建Servicee）
Service类

//1.新建一个类继承Service，记得在清单文件中注册
//<service android:name=".Service1"></service>

public class Service1 extends Service{
    //2.重写onCreate(),onCreate()只会执行一次
    @Override
    public void onCreate() {
        super.onCreate();
        Log.e("onCreate","onCreate");
    }
    //3.重写onBind（）方法，该方法必须要重写
    @Override
    public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {
        return null;
    }
    //4.重写onStartCommand（）方法，该方法会执行多次，所以主要的业务逻辑写在这个方法里
    @Override
    public int onStartCommand(Intent intent, int flags, int startId) {
        //5.如果要进行耗时操作，需要再开一个子线程，不然会有...much to work...
        new Thread(){
            @Override
            public void run() {
                super.run();
                for(int i =1;i <=10;i++){
                    try {
                        Thread.sleep(1000);
                    } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                        e.printStackTrace();
                    }
                    Log.e("onStartCommand","onStartCommand");
                }
            }
        }.start();

        //7.通过这个put这个key，找到后面的value，内容
        String s = intent.getStringExtra("put");
        Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(),s,Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
        return super.onStartCommand(intent, flags, startId);
    }
}

MainActivity

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
    Button btnstart,btndestory;
    Intent intent;
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        btnstart = findViewById(R.id.btnstart);
        intent = new Intent(MainActivity.this, Service1.class);
        btnstart.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                //6.activity向service传递参数,类似于activity跳转页面携带参数
                intent.putExtra("put","服务已开启");
                startService(intent);
            }
        });

        findViewById(R.id.btndestory).setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                //停止服务
                stopService(intent);
            }
        });
    }    
}

activity_main
只有两个简单的Button

<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    tools:context=".MainActivity">

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/btnstart"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="点击启动"/>

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/btndestory"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="点击销毁"/>

</LinearLayout>

2.用bindService启动

Service
和之前类似，记得记得在清单文件中注册

public class ServiceD extends Service{
    @Override
    public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {
        return null;
    }

    @Override
    public void onCreate() {
        super.onCreate();
        Log.e("hahaha","onCreate");
    }

    @Override
    public void unbindService(ServiceConnection conn) {
        super.unbindService(conn);
    }

    @Override
    public void onDestroy() {
        super.onDestroy();
        Log.e("hahaha","onDestroy");
    }

}

MainActivity

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
    Mycon mycon;
    Intent intent;
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        mycon = new Mycon();
        findViewById(R.id.btn).setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                intent = new Intent(MainActivity.this, ServiceD.class);
                //第一个参数为intent,直接new一个
                //第二个参数为ServiceConnection，是一个接口
                //第三个参数一般写BIND_AUTO_CREATE，自动创建绑定
                bindService(intent,mycon, BIND_AUTO_CREATE);
            }
        });

        findViewById(R.id.btn1).setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                //解绑的参数只有一个，就是ServiceConnection接口
                unbindService(mycon);
            }
        });
    }

    //自己写一个类Mycon，实现ServiceConnection接口，重写两个方法
    //功能为监听服务的状态
    public class Mycon implements ServiceConnection{
        //当连接成功时
        @Override
        public void onServiceConnected(ComponentName name, IBinder service) {

        }
        //当连接断开时
        @Override
        public void onServiceDisconnected(ComponentName name) {

        }
    }

}

3.小案例，在MainActivity中调用Service中的方法

Service

public class MyService extends Service {
    //1.重写onBind方法，返回一个IBind
    @Override
    public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {
        //4.实例化
        MyBind myBind = new MyBind();
        return myBind;
    }
    private void banzheng(int money){
        if (money>5000){
            Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(),"办证成功",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
        }else {
            Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(),"办证失败",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
        }
    }

    //2.中间商Mybind继承Binder,（Binder继承IBinder）
    public class MyBind extends Binder {
        //3.callzheng这个方法调用banzheng
        public void callzheng(int money){
            banzheng(money);
        }
    }
}

MainActivity

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
    //5.声明这个类
    private MyService.MyBind newBind;
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        Intent intent = new Intent(MainActivity.this,MyService.class);
        bindService(intent,new Mycon(),BIND_AUTO_CREATE);
        findViewById(R.id.btn).setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                //7.调用callzheng方法
                newBind.callzheng(200);
            }
        });
    }

    private class Mycon implements ServiceConnection{
        //连接成功时
        @Override
        public void onServiceConnected(ComponentName name, IBinder iBinder) {
            //6.实例化
            newBind = (MyService.MyBind) iBinder;
        }

        @Override
        public void onServiceDisconnected(ComponentName name) {

        }
    }
}