comp3331计算机网络期中复习

最新推荐文章于 2022-05-05 14:12:18 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2022-05-05 14:12:18 发布

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分类专栏：程序员素养文章标签： comp3331 计算机网络

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本文概述了分组交换中的四大延迟类型，探讨了HTTP/1.0与1.1的区别，重点讲解了DNS TTL的作用以及如何影响数据传输。此外，还比较了UDP与TCP的特性，包括它们在可靠服务中的角色和校验和机制。同时，涉及了HTTP与CDN的关系，展示了如何通过这些技术提高网页加载效率。

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文章目录

前言

以题目来复习内容

题目

分组交换的四大延迟

processing delay
b. queuing delay
c. transmission delay
d. propagation delay

http1.0与1.1

Consider the operation of downloading a Web page consisting of an index page that references 3 JPEG objects located on the same server. Ignoring latency involved in transferring the objects themselves, fill in the blanks below with the correct values:

a. Utilizing HTTP/1.0 with no parallel connection capability, the number of RTTs required
to download the page is 8RTT.
b. Utilizing HTTP/1.1 with pipelining, 3 RTTs are required to download the page.
对于1.0，总共4个对象object，每一个对象都需要花费一个RTT，所以总共要8个RTT。
在这里插入图片描述

对于1.1来说使用流水线协议，如图：
在这里插入图片描述

DNS TTL

DNS responses have a TTL field. Why is this necessary?
a. The TTL field is decremented at each DNS server that the response passes through on its way to the client, and servers drop responses with a TTL of 0, so the TTL field prevents responses from looping indefinitely.
b. The TTL field allows DNS servers to prevent cache poisoning.
c. The TTL field is necessary for tracking the number of DNS servers involved in resolving the query.
d. The TTL field causes DNS servers to delete entries after some time, so that if the host moves and the underlying address changes, the server will eventually get the correct address.
这里要和其他对象的TTL区别开来，DNS的TTL就是dns服务器要经过多久会删除这条记录。权威服务器TTL无限大，只会更新，不会删除，缓存的服务器经过一段时间会直接删除，除非下次来了请求。
示例：

;; ANSWER SECTION:
dnsimple.com.       59  IN  A   50.31.213.210

TTL: 59
The TTL resource field is an abreviation for the phrase “time to live”. This field gives the amount of time, in seconds, for which the record should be considered valid. In this case, the record only lasts for 59 seconds. While the TTL is set by the domain administrator with their DNS provider, some resolvers and caches do not respect the TTL as provided by the authoritative name server.

传输层的可靠服务

Transport layer may be able to provide reliability by using its own mechanisms, despite working
over an unreliable network layer.
a. True.
b. False.

UDP的服务以及功能

UDP has which of the following characteristics:
a. Three-way hand shake for connection establishment.
b. Connection state at the server.
c. Regulated send rate.
d. None of the above.

connectionless:
§ no handshaking between UDP sender, receiver
§ each UDP segment handled independently of
others

延时计算

在这里插入图片描述

UDP和TCP校验和

在这里插入图片描述
The last addition has an overflow so we add it to the above sum resulting in a final result of 00010010.One’s complement of this is 11101101 which is the final checksum value.

All one-bit errors will be detected by checksum, but two-bit errors can be undetected (e.g. if the last digit of the first word is converted to a zero and the last digit of the second word is converted to a 1).