Seq2Seq实现闲聊机器人
目标
- 知道如何处理文本数据
- 知道如何使用seq2seq完成闲聊机器人代码的编写
1. 准备训练数据
单轮次的聊天数据非常不好获取，所以这里我们从github上使用一些开放的数据集来训练我们的闲聊模型
数据地址：https://github.com/codemayq/chaotbot_corpus_Chinese
主要的数据有两个：
- 小黄鸡的聊天语料：噪声很大
- [外链图片转存失败,源站可能有防盗链机制,建议将图片保存下来直接上传(img-FGhJBdLq-1613752059958)(…/images/2.3/小黄鸡语料.png)]
- 微博的标题和评论：质量相对较高
- [外链图片转存失败,源站可能有防盗链机制,建议将图片保存下来直接上传(img-GBguZB9e-1613752059965)(…/images/2.3/微博语料1.png)]
- [外链图片转存失败,源站可能有防盗链机制,建议将图片保存下来直接上传(img-lPdxGevx-1613752059968)(…/images/2.3/微博语料2.png)]
2. 数据的处理和保存
由于数据中存到大量的噪声，可以对其进行基础的处理，然后分别把input和target使用两个文件保存，即input中的第N行尾问，target的第N行为答
后续可能我们可能会把单个字作为特征（存放在input_word.txt），也可能会把词语作为特征(input.txt)
2.1 小黄鸡的语料的处理
def format_xiaohuangji_corpus(word=False):
"""处理小黄鸡的语料"""
if word:
corpus_path = "./chatbot/corpus/xiaohuangji50w_nofenci.conv"
input_path = "./chatbot/corpus/input_word.txt"
output_path = "./chatbot/corpus/output_word.txt"
else:
corpus_path = "./chatbot/corpus/xiaohuangji50w_nofenci.conv"
input_path = "./chatbot/corpus/input.txt"
output_path = "./chatbot/corpus/output.txt"
f_input = open(input_path,"a")
f_output = open(output_path,"a")
pair = []
for line in tqdm(open(corpus_path),ascii=True):
if line.strip() == "E":
if not pair:
continue
else:
assert len(pair) == 2,"长度必须是2"
if len(pair[0].strip())>=1 and len(pair[1].strip())>=1:
f_input.write(pair[0]+"\n")
f_output.write(pair[1]+"\n")
pair = []
elif line.startswith("M"):
line = line[1:]
if word:
pair.append(" ".join(list(line.strip())))
else:
pair.append(" ".join(jieba_cut(line.strip())))
2.2 微博语料的处理
def format_weibo(word=False):
"""
微博数据存在一些噪声，未处理
:return:
"""
if word:
origin_input = "./chatbot/corpus/stc_weibo_train_post"
input_path = "./chatbot/corpus/input_word.txt"
origin_output = "./chatbot/corpus/stc_weibo_train_response"
output_path = "./chatbot/corpus/output_word.txt"
else:
origin_input = "./chatbot/corpus/stc_weibo_train_post"
input_path = "./chatbot/corpus/input.txt"
origin_output = "./chatbot/corpus/stc_weibo_train_response"
output_path = "./chatbot/corpus/output.txt"
f_input = open(input_path,"a")
f_output = open(output_path, "a")
with open(origin_input) as in_o,open(origin_output) as out_o:
for _in,_out in tqdm(zip(in_o,out_o),ascii=True):
_in = _in.strip()
_out = _out.strip()
if _in.endswith("）") or _in.endswith("」") or _in.endswith(")"):
_in = re.sub("（.*）|「.*?」|\(.*?\)"," ",_in)
_in = re.sub("我在.*?alink|alink|（.*?\d+x\d+.*?）|#|】|【|-+|_+|via.*?：*.*"," ",_in)
_in = re.sub("\s+"," ",_in)
if len(_in)<1 or len(_out)<1:
continue
if word:
_in = re.sub("\s+","",_in) #转化为一整行，不含空格
_out = re.sub("\s+","",_out)
if len(_in)>=1 and len(_out)>=1:
f_input.write(" ".join(list(_in)) + "\n")
f_output.write(" ".join(list(_out)) + "\n")
else:
if len(_in) >= 1 and len(_out) >= 1:
f_input.write(_in.strip()+"\n")
f_output.write(_out.strip()+"\n")
f_input.close()
f_output.close()
2.3 处理后的结果
[外链图片转存失败,源站可能有防盗链机制,建议将图片保存下来直接上传(img-NKBJBo1N-1613752059981)(…/images/2.3/文本处理后.png)]
[外链图片转存失败,源站可能有防盗链机制,建议将图片保存下来直接上传(img-GXUNNRkr-1613752059985)(…/images/2.3/文本处理后2.png)]
3. 构造文本序列化和反序列化方法
和之前的操作相同，需要把文本能转化为数字，同时还需实现方法把数字转化为文本
# word_sequence.py
import config
import pickle
class Word2Sequence():
UNK_TAG = "UNK"
PAD_TAG = "PAD"
SOS_TAG = "SOS"
EOS_TAG = "EOS"
UNK = 0
PAD = 1
SOS = 2
EOS = 3
def __init__(self):
self.dict = {
self.UNK_TAG :self.UNK,
self.PAD_TAG :self.PAD,
self.SOS_TAG :self.SOS,
self.EOS_TAG :self.EOS
}
self.count = {}
self.fited = False
def to_index(self,word):
"""word -> index"""
assert self.fited == True,"必须先进行fit操作"
return self.dict.get(word,self.UNK)
def to_word(self,index):
"""index -> word"""
assert self.fited , "必须先进行fit操作"
if index in self.inversed_dict:
return self.inversed_dict[index]
return self.UNK_TAG
def __len__(self):
return len(self.dict)
def fit(self, sentence):
"""
:param sentence:[word1,word2,word3]
:param min_count: 最小出现的次数
:param max_count: 最大出现的次数
:param max_feature: 总词语的最大数量
:return:
"""
for a in sentence:
if a not in self.count:
self.count[a] = 0
self.count[a] += 1
self.fited = True
def build_vocab(self, min_count=1, max_count=None, max_feature=None):
# 比最小的数量大和比最大的数量小的需要
if min_count is not None:
self.count = {k: v for k, v in self.count.items() if v >= min_count}
if max_count is not None:
self.count = {k: v for k, v in self.count.items() if v <= max_count}
# 限制最大的数量
if isinstance(max_feature, int):
count = sorted(list(self.count.items()), key=lambda x: x[1])
if max_feature is not None and len(count) > max_feature:
count = count[-int(max_feature):]
for w, _ in count:
self.dict[w] = len(self.dict)
else:
for w in sorted(self.count.keys()):
self.dict[w] = len(self.dict)
# 准备一个index->word的字典
self.inversed_dict = dict(zip(self.dict.values(), self.dict.keys()))
def transform(self, sentence,max_len=None,add_eos=False):
"""
实现吧句子转化为数组（向量）
:param sentence:
:param max_len:
:return:
"""
assert self.fited, "必须先进行fit操作"
r = [self.to_index(i) for i in sentence]
if max_len is not None:
if max_len>len(sentence):
if add_eos:
r+=[self.EOS]+[self.PAD for _ in range(max_len-len(sentence)-1)]
else:
r += [self.PAD for _ in range(max_len - len(sentence))]
else:
if add_eos:
r = r[:max_len-1]
r += [self.EOS]
else:
r = r[:max_len]
else:
if add_eos:
r += [self.EOS]
# print(len(r),r)
return r
def inverse_transform(self,indices):
"""
实现从数组 转化为 向量
:param indices: [1,2,3....]
:return:[word1,word2.....]
"""
sentence = []
for i in indices:
word = self.to_word(i)
sentence.append(word)
return sentence
#之后导入该word_sequence使用
word_sequence = pickle.load(open("./pkl/ws.pkl","rb")) if not config.use_word else pickle.load(open("./pkl/ws_word.pkl","rb"))
if __name__ == '__main__':
from word_sequence import Word2Sequence
from tqdm import tqdm
import pickle
word_sequence = Word2Sequence()
#词语级别
input_path = "../corpus/input.txt"
target_path = "../corpus/output.txt"
for line in tqdm(open(input_path).readlines()):
word_sequence.fit(line.strip().split())
for line in tqdm(open(target_path).readlines()):
word_sequence.fit(line.strip().split())
#使用max_feature=5000个数据
word_sequence.build_vocab(min_count=5,max_count=None,max_feature=5000)
print(len(word_sequence))
pickle.dump(word_sequence,open("./pkl/ws.pkl","wb"))
4. 构建Dataset和DataLoader
创建dataset.py 文件，准备数据集
import torch
import config
from torch.utils.data import Dataset,DataLoader
from word_sequence import word_sequence
class ChatDataset(Dataset):
def __init__(self):
super(ChatDataset,self).__init__()
input_path = "../corpus/input.txt"
target_path = "../corpus/output.txt"
if config.use_word:
input_path = "../corpus/input_word.txt"
target_path = "../corpus/output_word.txt"
self.input_lines = open(input_path).readlines()
self.target_lines = open(target_path).readlines()
assert len(self.input_lines) == len(self.target_lines) ,"input和target文本的数量必须相同"
def __getitem__(self, index):
input = self.input_lines[index].strip().split()
target = self.target_lines[index].strip().split()
if len(input) == 0 or len(target)==0:
input = self.input_lines[index+1].strip().split()
target = self.target_lines[index+1].strip().split()
#此处句子的长度如果大于max_len，那么应该返回max_len
return input,target,min(len(input),config.max_len),min(len(target),config.max_len)
def __len__(self):
return len(self.input_lines)
def collate_fn(batch):
#1.排序
batch = sorted(batch,key=lambda x:x[2],reverse=True)
input, target, input_length, target_length = zip(*batch)
# 2.进行padding的操作
input = torch.LongTensor([word_sequence.transform(i, max_len=config.max_len) for i in input])
target = torch.LongTensor([word_sequence.transform(i, max_len=config.max_len, add_eos=True) for i in target])
input_length = torch.LongTensor(input_length)
target_length = torch.LongTensor(target_length)
return input, target, input_length, target_length
data_loader = DataLoader(dataset=ChatDataset(),batch_size=config.batch_size,shuffle=True,collate_fn=collate_fn,drop_last=True)
if __name__ == '__main__':
for idx, (input, target, input_lenght, target_length) in enumerate(data_loader):
print(idx)
print(input)
print(target)
print(input_lenght)
print(target_length)
5. 完成encoder编码器逻辑
import torch.nn as nn
from word_sequence import word_sequence
import config
class Encoder(nn.Module):
def __init__(self):
super(Encoder,self).__init__()
self.vocab_size = len(word_sequence)
self.dropout = config.dropout
self.embedding_dim = config.embedding_dim
self.embedding = nn.Embedding(num_embeddings=self.vocab_size,embedding_dim=self.embedding_dim,padding_idx=word_sequence.PAD)
self.gru = nn.GRU(input_size=self.embedding_dim,
hidden_size=config.hidden_size,
num_layers=1,
batch_first=True,
dropout=config.dropout)
def forward(self, input,input_length):
embeded = self.embedding(input)
embeded = nn.utils.rnn.pack_padded_sequence(embeded,lengths=input_length,batch_first=True)
#hidden:[1,batch_size,vocab_size]
out,hidden = self.gru(embeded)
out,outputs_length = nn.utils.rnn.pad_packed_sequence(out,batch_first=True,padding_value=word_sequence.PAD)
#hidden [1,batch_size,hidden_size]
return out,hidden
6. 完成decoder解码器的逻辑
import torch
import torch.nn as nn
import config
import random
import torch.nn.functional as F
from word_sequence import word_sequence
class Decoder(nn.Module):
def __init__(self):
super(Decoder,self).__init__()
self.max_seq_len = config.max_len
self.vocab_size = len(word_sequence)
self.embedding_dim = config.embedding_dim
self.dropout = config.dropout
self.embedding = nn.Embedding(num_embeddings=self.vocab_size,embedding_dim=self.embedding_dim,padding_idx=word_sequence.PAD)
self.gru = nn.GRU(input_size=self.embedding_dim,
hidden_size=config.hidden_size,
num_layers=1,
batch_first=True,
dropout=self.dropout)
self.log_softmax = nn.LogSoftmax()
self.fc = nn.Linear(config.hidden_size,self.vocab_size)
def forward(self, encoder_hidden,target,target_length):
# encoder_hidden [batch_size,hidden_size]
# target [batch_size,seq-len]
decoder_input = torch.LongTensor([[word_sequence.SOS]]*config.batch_size).to(config.device)
decoder_outputs = torch.zeros(config.batch_size,config.max_len,self.vocab_size).to(config.device) #[batch_size,seq_len,14]
decoder_hidden = encoder_hidden #[batch_size,hidden_size]
for t in range(config.max_len):
decoder_output_t , decoder_hidden = self.forward_step(decoder_input,decoder_hidden)
decoder_outputs[:,t,:] = decoder_output_t
value, index = torch.topk(decoder_output_t, 1) # index [batch_size,1]
decoder_input = index
return decoder_outputs,decoder_hidden
def forward_step(self,decoder_input,decoder_hidden):
"""
:param decoder_input:[batch_size,1]
:param decoder_hidden: [1,batch_size,hidden_size]
:return: out:[batch_size,vocab_size],decoder_hidden:[1,batch_size,didden_size]
"""
embeded = self.embedding(decoder_input) #embeded: [batch_size,1 , embedding_dim]
out,decoder_hidden = self.gru(embeded,decoder_hidden) #out [1, batch_size, hidden_size]
out = out.squeeze(0)
out = F.log_softmax(self.fc(out),dim=-1)#[batch_Size, vocab_size]
out = out.squeeze(1)
# print("out size:",out.size(),decoder_hidden.size())
return out,decoder_hidden
7.完成seq2seq的模型
import torch
import torch.nn as nn
class Seq2Seq(nn.Module):
def __init__(self,encoder,decoder):
super(Seq2Seq,self).__init__()
self.encoder = encoder
self.decoder = decoder
def forward(self, input,target,input_length,target_length):
encoder_outputs,encoder_hidden = self.encoder(input,input_length)
decoder_outputs,decoder_hidden = self.decoder(encoder_hidden,target,target_length)
return decoder_outputs,decoder_hidden
def evaluation(self,inputs,input_length):
encoder_outputs,encoder_hidden = self.encoder(inputs,input_length)
decoded_sentence = self.decoder.evaluation(encoder_hidden)
return decoded_sentence
8. 完成训练逻辑
为了加速训练，可以考虑在gpu上运行，那么在我们自顶一个所以的tensor和model都需要转化为CUDA支持的类型。
当前的数据量为500多万条，在GTX1070（8G显存）上训练，大概需要90分一个epoch，耐心的等待吧
import torch
import config
from torch import optim
import torch.nn as nn
from encoder import Encoder
from decoder import Decoder
from seq2seq import Seq2Seq
from dataset import data_loader as train_dataloader
from word_sequence import word_sequence
encoder = Encoder()
decoder = Decoder()
model = Seq2Seq(encoder,decoder)
#device在config文件中实现
model.to(config.device)
print(model)
model.load_state_dict(torch.load("model/seq2seq_model.pkl"))
optimizer = optim.Adam(model.parameters())
optimizer.load_state_dict(torch.load("model/seq2seq_optimizer.pkl"))
criterion= nn.NLLLoss(ignore_index=word_sequence.PAD,reduction="mean")
def get_loss(decoder_outputs,target):
target = target.view(-1) #[batch_size*max_len]
decoder_outputs = decoder_outputs.view(config.batch_size*config.max_len,-1)
return criterion(decoder_outputs,target)
def train(epoch):
for idx,(input,target,input_length,target_len) in enumerate(train_dataloader):
input = input.to(config.device)
target = target.to(config.device)
input_length = input_length.to(config.device)
target_len = target_len.to(config.device)
optimizer.zero_grad()
##[seq_len,batch_size,vocab_size] [batch_size,seq_len]
decoder_outputs,decoder_hidden = model(input,target,input_length,target_len)
loss = get_loss(decoder_outputs,target)
loss.backward()
optimizer.step()
print('Train Epoch: {} [{}/{} ({:.0f}%)]\tLoss: {:.6f}'.format(
epoch, idx * len(input), len(train_dataloader.dataset),
100. * idx / len(train_dataloader), loss.item()))
torch.save(model.state_dict(), "model/seq2seq_model.pkl")
torch.save(optimizer.state_dict(), 'model/seq2seq_optimizer.pkl')
if __name__ == '__main__':
for i in range(10):
train(i)
训练10个epoch之后的效果如下,可以看出损失依然很高：
Train Epoch: 9 [2444544/4889919 (50%)] Loss: 4.923604
Train Epoch: 9 [2444800/4889919 (50%)] Loss: 4.364594
Train Epoch: 9 [2445056/4889919 (50%)] Loss: 4.613254
Train Epoch: 9 [2445312/4889919 (50%)] Loss: 4.143538
Train Epoch: 9 [2445568/4889919 (50%)] Loss: 4.412729
Train Epoch: 9 [2445824/4889919 (50%)] Loss: 4.516526
Train Epoch: 9 [2446080/4889919 (50%)] Loss: 4.124945
Train Epoch: 9 [2446336/4889919 (50%)] Loss: 4.777015
Train Epoch: 9 [2446592/4889919 (50%)] Loss: 4.358538
Train Epoch: 9 [2446848/4889919 (50%)] Loss: 4.513412
Train Epoch: 9 [2447104/4889919 (50%)] Loss: 4.202757
Train Epoch: 9 [2447360/4889919 (50%)] Loss: 4.589584
9.小结
效果不好
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