基于DeeplabV3++布匹缺陷检测

基于深度学习布匹缺陷检测

1 介绍

布匹缺陷可以定义为布匹表面出现的不规则、不连续性、缺陷或不一致性。人工和检测成本高，效率低，引入深度学习自动监测减少成本。

2 预备知识

对机器学习有基本了解
卷积神经网络的基本思想
理解卷积，最大池化和上采样操作
了解
DeeplabV3++的架构理念

3图像分割

图像分割就是把图像分成若干个特定的、具有独特性质的区域并提出感兴趣目标的技术和过程。

4 训练模型

模型结构

DeepLabV3+ 在 stride = 16 的DeepLabv3 模型输出上采样 4x 后，将 DCNN 中 0.25x 的输出使用11卷积降维后与之连接（concat）再使用33卷积处理后双线性插值上采样 4 倍后得到相对于 DeepLabv3 更精细的结果。
实现代码如下

from __future__ import absolute_import, print_function

from collections import OrderedDict

import torch
import torch.nn as nn
import torch.nn.functional as F


class _ASPP(nn.Module):
    """
    Atrous spatial pyramid pooling with image-level feature
    """

    def __init__(self, in_ch, out_ch, rates):
        super(_ASPP, self).__init__()
        self.stages = nn.Module()
        self.stages.add_module("c0", _ConvBnReLU(in_ch, out_ch, 1, 1, 0, 1))
        for i, rate in enumerate(rates):
            self.stages.add_module(
                "c{}".format(i + 1),
                _ConvBnReLU(in_ch, out_ch, 3, 1, padding=rate, dilation=rate),
            )
        self.stages.add_module("imagepool", _ImagePool(in_ch, out_ch))

    def forward(self, x):
        return torch.cat([stage(x) for stage in self.stages.children()], dim=1)


class DeepLabV3Plus(nn.Module):
    """
    DeepLab v3+: Dilated ResNet with multi-grid + improved ASPP + decoder
    """

    def __init__(self, n_classes, n_blocks, atrous_rates, multi_grids, output_stride):
        super(DeepLabV3Plus, self).__init__()

        # Stride and dilation
        if output_stride == 8:
            s = [1, 2, 1, 1]
            d = [1, 1, 2, 4]
        elif output_stride == 16:
            s = [1, 2, 2, 1]
            d = [1, 1, 1, 2]

        # Encoder
        ch = [64 * 2 ** p for p in range(6)]
        self.layer1 = _Stem(ch[0])
        self.layer2 = _ResLayer(n_blocks[0], ch[0], ch[2], s[0], d[0])
        self.layer3 = _ResLayer(n_blocks[1], ch[2], ch[3], s[1], d[1])
        self.layer4 = _ResLayer(n_blocks[2], ch[3], ch[4], s[2], d[2])
        self.layer5 = _ResLayer(n_blocks[3], ch[4], ch[5], s[3], d[3], multi_grids)
        self.aspp = _ASPP(ch[5], 256, atrous_rates)
        concat_ch = 256 * (len(atrous_rates) + 2)
        self.add_module("fc1", _ConvBnReLU(concat_ch, 256, 1, 1, 0, 1))

        # Decoder
        self.reduce = _ConvBnReLU(256, 48, 1, 1, 0, 1)
        self.fc2 = nn.Sequential(
            OrderedDict(
                [
                    ("conv1", _ConvBnReLU(304, 256, 3, 1, 1, 1)),
                    ("conv2", _ConvBnReLU(256, 256, 3, 1, 1, 1)),
                    ("conv3", nn.Conv2d(256, n_classes, kernel_size=1)),
                ]
            )
        )

    def forward(self, x):
        h = self.layer1(x)
        h = self.layer2(h)
        h_ = self.reduce(h)
        h = self.layer3(h)
        h = self.layer4(h)
        h = self.layer5(h)
        h = self.aspp(h)
        h = self.fc1(h)
        h = F.interpolate(h, size=h_.shape[2:], mode="bilinear", align_corners=False)
        h = torch.cat((h, h_), dim=1)
        h = self.fc2(h)
        h = F.interpolate(h, size=x.shape[2:], mode="bilinear", align_corners=False)
        return h


try:
    from encoding.nn import SyncBatchNorm

    _BATCH_NORM = SyncBatchNorm
except:
    _BATCH_NORM = nn.BatchNorm2d

_BOTTLENECK_EXPANSION = 4


class _ConvBnReLU(nn.Sequential):
    """
    Cascade of 2D convolution, batch norm, and ReLU.
    """

    BATCH_NORM = _BATCH_NORM

    def __init__(
            self, in_ch, out_ch, kernel_size, stride, padding, dilation, relu=True
    ):
        super(_ConvBnReLU, self).__init__()
        self.add_module(
            "conv",
            nn.Conv2d(
                in_ch, out_ch, kernel_size, stride, padding, dilation, bias=False
            ),
        )
        self.add_module("bn", _BATCH_NORM(out_ch, eps=1e-5, momentum=0.999))

        if relu:
            self.add_module("relu", nn.ReLU())


class _Bottleneck(nn.Module):
    """
    Bottleneck block of MSRA ResNet.
    """

    def __init__(self, in_ch, out_ch, stride, dilation, downsample):
        super(_Bottleneck, self).__init__()
        mid_ch = out_ch // _BOTTLENECK_EXPANSION
        self.reduce = _ConvBnReLU(in_ch, mid_ch, 1, stride, 0, 1, True)
        self.conv3x3 = _ConvBnReLU(mid_ch, mid_ch, 3, 1, dilation, dilation, True)
        self.increase = _ConvBnReLU(mid_ch, out_ch, 1, 1, 0, 1, False)
        self.shortcut = (
            _ConvBnReLU(in_ch, out_ch, 1, stride, 0, 1, False)
            if downsample
            else lambda x: x  # identity
        )

    def forward(self, x):
        h = self.reduce(x)
        h = self.conv3x3(h)
        h = self.increase(h)
        h += self.shortcut(x)
        return F.relu(h)


class _ResLayer(nn.Sequential):
    """
    Residual layer with multi grids
    """

    def __init__(self, n_layers, in_ch, out_ch, stride, dilation, multi_grids=None):
        super(_ResLayer, self).__init__()

        if multi_grids is None:
            multi_grids = [1 for _ in range(n_layers)]
        else:
            assert n_layers == len(multi_grids)

        # Downsampling is only in the first block
        for i in range(n_layers):
            self.add_module(
                "block{}".format(i + 1),
                _Bottleneck(
                    in_ch=(in_ch if i == 0 else out_ch),
                    out_ch=out_ch,
                    stride=(stride if i == 0 else 1),
                    dilation=dilation * multi_grids[i],
                    downsample=(True if i == 0 else False),
                ),
            )


class _Stem(nn.Sequential):
    """
    The 1st conv layer.
    Note that the max pooling is different from both MSRA and FAIR ResNet.
    """

    def __init__(self, out_ch):
        super(_Stem, self).__init__()
        self.add_module("conv1", _ConvBnReLU(3, out_ch, 7, 2, 3, 1))
        self.add_module("pool", nn.MaxPool2d(3, 2, 1, ceil_mode=True))


if __name__ == "__main__":
    model = DeepLabV3Plus(
        n_classes=21,
        n_blocks=[3, 4, 23, 3],
        atrous_rates=[6, 12, 18],
        multi_grids=[1, 2, 4],
        output_stride=16,
    )
    model.eval()
    image = torch.randn(1, 3, 513, 513)

    print(model)
    print("input:", image.shape)
    print("output:", model(image).shape)

结果如下：