提示
主要掌握传统方法以及变长方法编写二维数组的原函数、操作、调用、回传
1.修改程序清单10.7的rain.c程序,用指针进行计算(仍然要声明并初始化数组)。
// 10.1
#include<stdio.h>
#define YEARS 5 //年数
#define MONTHS 12 //一年中发的月数
int main(void)
{
const float rain[YEARS][MONTHS] =
{
{
4.3, 4.3, 4.3, 3.0, 2.0, 1.2, 0.2, 0.2, 0.4, 2.4, 3.5, 6.6 },
{
8.5, 8.2, 1.2, 1.6, 2.4, 0.0, 5.2, 0.9, 0.3, 0.9, 1.4, 7.3 },
{
9.1, 8.5, 6.7, 4.3, 2.1, 0.8, 0.2, 0.2, 1.1, 2.3, 6.1, 8.4 },
{
7.2, 9.9, 8.4, 3.3, 1.2, 0.8, 0.4, 0.0, 0.6, 1.7, 4.3, 6.2 },
{
7.6, 5.6, 3.8, 2.8, 3.8, 0.2, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.3, 2.6, 5.2 }
};
int year, month;
float subtot, total;
const float (*ptr) [MONTHS] = rain;
printf(" YEAR RAINFALL(inches)\n");
for(year = 0, total = 0; year < YEARS; year++){
for(month = 0, subtot = 0; month < MONTHS; month++)
subtot += *(*(ptr + year) + month);
printf("%5d %15.1f\n", 2010 + year, subtot);
total += subtot;
}
printf("\nThe yearly average is %.1f inches.\n\n", total / YEARS);
printf("MONTHLY AVERAGE:\n\n");
printf(" Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct ");
printf(" Nov Dec\n");
for(month = 0; month < MONTHS; month++){
for(year = 0, subtot = 0; year < YEARS; year++)
subtot += *(*(ptr + year) + month);
printf("%4.1f ", subtot / YEARS);
}
printf("\n");
return 0;
}
2.编写一个程序,初始化一个double类型的数组,然后把该数组的内容拷贝至3个其他数组中(在main()中声明这4个数组)。使用带数组表示法的函数进行第1份拷贝。使用带指针表示法和指针递增的函数进行第2份拷贝。把目标数组名、源数组名和待拷贝的元素个数作为前两个函数的参数。第3个函数以目标数组名、源数组名和指向源数组最后一个元素后面的元素的指针。也就是说,给定以下声明,则函数调用如下所示:
double source[5] = {1.1, 2.2, 3.3, 4.4, 5.5};
double target1[5];
target2[5];
double target3[5];
copy_arr(target1, source, 5);
copy_ptr(target2, source, 5);
copy_ptrs(target3, source, source + 5)
// 10.2
#include<stdio.h>
void copy_arr(double target[], double sour[], int n);
void copy_ptr(double * target, double * sour, int n);
void copy_ptrs(double * target, double * sour, double * sour_end);
int main(void)
{
double source[5] = {
1.1, 2.2, 3.3, 4.4, 5.5};
double target1[5];
double target2[5];
double target3[5];
copy_arr(target1, source, 5);
copy_ptr(target2, source, 5);
copy_ptrs(target3, source, source + 5);
return 0;
}
void copy_arr(double target[], double sour[], int n)
{
for(int i = 0; i < n; i++){
target[i] = sour[i];
printf("%4.1lf", target[i]);
}
putchar('\n');
}
void copy_ptr(double * target, double * sour, int n)
{