自己编写的参考答案,在VS2019中都可以编译通过,不是标准答案,也不是最优答案,仅供参考
1.为复习题5描述的类提供方法定义,并编写一个小程序来演示所有的特性。
.h:
#pragma once
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
class BankAccount
{
private:
char name[40];
char acctnum[25];
double balance;
public:
BankAccount(const char* client, const char* num, double bal = 0.0);
void show(void) const;
void deposit(double cash);
void withdraw(double cash);
};
.cpp:
#include"Topic1.h"
BankAccount::BankAccount(const char* client, const char* num, double bal)
{
strncpy_s(this->name, 40, client, sizeof(client));
strncpy_s(this->acctnum, 25, num, strlen(num)+1);
this->balance = bal;
}
void BankAccount::show(void) const
{
cout << "储户姓名:"<< this->name << endl;
cout << "储户账号:" << this->acctnum << endl;
cout << "储户存款:" << this->balance << endl;
}
void BankAccount::deposit(double cash)
{
this->balance += cash;
cout << "已存入" << cash << endl;
}
void BankAccount::withdraw(double cash)
{
if (this->balance>=cash)
{
this->balance -= cash;
cout << "已取出" << cash << endl;
}
else
{
cout << "余额不足" <<cash<< endl;
}
}
主文件:
#include <iostream>
#include"Topic1.h"
using namespace std;
int main()
{
BankAccount bank01 = { "马云","10086" };
bank01.show();
bank01.deposit(200);
bank01.show();
bank01.withdraw(100);
bank01.show();
bank01.withdraw(1000);
bank01.show();
}
2.下面是一个非常简单的类定义
class Person
{
private:
static const int LIMIT = 25;
string lname; // Person’s last name
char fname[LIMIT]; // Person’s first name
public:
Person() { lname = “”; fname[0] = ‘\0’; } // #1
Person(const string& ln, const char* fn = “Heyyou”); // #2
// the following methods display lname and fname
void Show() const; // firstname lastname format
void FormalShow() const; // lastname, firstname format
};
它使用了一个string对象和一个字符数组,让您能够比较它们的用法。请提供未定义的方法的代码,以完成这个类的实现。再编写一个使用这个类的程序,它使用了三种可能的构造函数的调用(没有参数、一个参数和两个参数)以及两种显示方法。下面是一个使用这些构造函数和方法的例子:
Person one; // use default constructor
Person two(“Smythecraft”);
// use #2 with one default argument
Person three(“Dimwiddy”, “Sam”);
// use #2, no defaults one.Show();
cout << endl;
one.FormalShow();
.h:
#pragma once
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
class Person
{
private:
static const int LIMIT = 25;
string lname; // Person’s last name
char fname[LIMIT]; // Person’s first name
public:
Person() { lname = "abc"; fname[0] = '\0'; } // #1
Person(const string& ln, const char* fn = "Heyyou"); // #2
// the following methods display lname and fname
void Show() const; // firstname, lastname format
void FormalShow() const; // lastname, firstname format
};
.cpp:
#include "Topic2.h"
Person::Person(const string& ln, const char* fn)
{
this->lname = ln;
strncpy_s(this->fname, 25, fn, sizeof(fn) + 1);
}
void Person::Show() const
{
cout << this->fname << " " << this->lname<<endl;
}
void Person::FormalShow() const
{
cout << this->lname << " " << this->fname << endl;
}
主文件:
#include <iostream>
#include"Topic2.h"
using namespace std;
int main()
{
Person one;
Person two("Smythecraft");
Person three("Dimwiddy", "Sam");
one.Show();
one.FormalShow();
two.Show();
two.FormalShow();
three.Show();
three.FormalShow();
}
3.完成第9章的编程练习1,但要用正确的golf类声明替换那里的代码。用带合适参数的构造函数替换setgolf(golf&, const char*, int),以提供初始值。保留setgolf()的交互版本,但要用构造函数来实现它(例如,setgolf()的代码应该获得数据,将数据传递给构造函数来创建一个临时对象,并将其赋给调用对象,即* this)
.h:
#pragma once
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
class Golf
{
private:
static const int Len = 40;
char fullname[Len];
int handicap;
public:
Golf(const char* name="Tiger", int hc=9);
Golf(char name[40], int hc);
void changehandicap(int hc);
void showgolf()const;
};
.cpp:
#include "Topic3.h"
Golf::Golf(const char* name, int hc)
{
strncpy_s(this->fullname, 40, name, sizeof(name)+1);
this->handicap = hc;
}
Golf::Golf(char name[40], int hc)
{
cin.get(name, 39);
(cin >> hc).get();
strncpy_s(this->fullname, 40, name, sizeof(name) + 1);
this->handicap = hc;
}
void Golf::changehandicap(int hc)
{
this->handicap = hc;
}
void Golf::showgolf() const
{
cout << "选手姓名:" << this->fullname << endl;
cout << "选手等级:" << this->handicap << endl;
}
主文件:
#include <iostream>
#include "Topic3.h"
using namespace std;
int main()
{
Golf golf01;
Golf golf02("abc", 6);
golf01.showgolf();
golf02.showgolf();
golf02.changehandicap(5);
golf02.showgolf();
}
4. 完成第九章编程练习4,但将Sales结构及相关的函数转换为一个类及其方法。用构造函数替换setSales(sales&, double[], int)函数。用构造函数实现setSales(Sales&)方法的交互版本。将类保留在名称空间SALES中。
.h:
#pragma once
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
namespace SALES
{
const double abc[3] = { 10.2,11.3,8.8 };
class Sales
{
private:
static const int QUARTERS = 4;
double sales[QUARTERS];
double average;
double max;
double min;
public:
Sales(const double ar[] = abc, int n= 3);
Sales(double ar[4]);
void showSales()const;
};
}
.cpp:
#include "Topic4.h"
namespace SALES
{
Sales::Sales(const double ar[], int n)
{
if (n == 4)
{
double sum = 0;
double max = ar[0];
double min = ar[0];
for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++)
{
this->sales[i] = ar[i];
sum += ar[i];
}
this->average = sum / 4;
for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++)
{
max >= ar[i] ? max = max : max = ar[i];
}
for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++)
{
min <= ar[i] ? min = min : min = ar[i];
}
this->max = max;
this->min = min;
}
else if (n < 4)
{
double sum = 0;
double max = ar[0];
double min = ar[0];
for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
{
this->sales[i] = ar[i];
sum += ar[i];
}
for (int i = n; i < 4; i++)
{
this->sales[i] = 0;
}
this->average = sum / n;
for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
{
max >= ar[i] ? max = max : max = ar[i];
}
for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
{
min <= ar[i] ? min = min : min = ar[i];
}
this->max = max;
this->min = min;
}
}
Sales::Sales(double ar[4])
{
double sum = 0;
double max = ar[0];
double min = ar[0];
for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++)
{
this->sales[i] = ar[i];
sum += ar[i];
}
this->average = sum / 4;
for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++)
{
max >= ar[i] ? max = max : max = ar[i];
}
for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++)
{
min <= ar[i] ? min = min : min = ar[i];
}
this->max = max;
this->min = min;
}
void Sales::showSales() const
{
cout << "四个季度的销售额分别为:";
for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++)
{
cout << this->sales[i] << " ";
}
cout << endl;
cout << "四个季度的销售额平均值为:";
cout << this->average << endl;
cout << "四个季度的销售额最大值为:";
cout << this->max << endl;
cout << "四个季度的销售额最小值为:";
cout << this->min << endl;
}
}
主文件:
#include<iostream>
#include "Topic4.h"
using namespace std;
using namespace SALES;
int main()
{
double abc[4] = { 10.0,11.2,13.5,9.8 };
Sales s1;
Sales s2 (abc);
s1.showSales();
s2.showSales();
}
5. 考虑下面的结构声明:
struct customer {
char fullname[35];
double payment;
};
编写一个程序,它从栈中添加和删除customer结构(栈用Stack类声明表示)。每次customer结构被删除时,其payment的值都将被加入到总数中,并报告总数。注意:应该可以直接使用Stack类而不作修改;只需修改typedef声明,使Item的类型为customer,而不是unsigned long即可。
.h:
#pragma once
struct customer {
char fullname[35];
double payment;
};
typedef customer Item;
class Stack
{
private:
enum { MAX = 10 };
Item items[MAX];
int top;
public:
Stack();
bool isempty() const;
bool isfull() const;
bool push(const Item& item);
bool pop(Item& item);
};
.cpp:
#include "Topic5.h"
Stack::Stack() // create an empty stack
{
top = 0;
}
bool Stack::isempty() const
{
return top == 0;
}
bool Stack::isfull() const
{
return top == MAX;
}
bool Stack::push(const Item& item)
{
if (top < MAX)
{
items[top++] = item;
return true;
}
else
return false;
}
bool Stack::pop(Item& item)
{
if (top > 0)
{
item = items[--top];
return true;
}
else
return false;
}
主文件:
#include <iostream>
#include <cctype>
#include "Topic5.h"
using namespace std;
int main()
{
Stack st; // create an empty stack
char ch;
customer po;
double sum = 0;
cout << "Please enter A to add a purchase order,\n"
<< "P to process a PO, or Q to quit.\n";
while (cin >> ch && toupper(ch) != 'Q')
{
while (cin.get() != '\n')
continue;
if (!isalpha(ch))
{
cout << '\a';
continue;
}
switch (ch)
{
case 'A':
case 'a':
cout << "Enter a PO to add: \n";
cout << "Enter the fullname of PO: ";
cin.getline(po.fullname, 35);
cout << "Enter the payment of PO: ";
(cin >> po.payment).get();
if (st.isfull())
cout << "stack already full\n";
else
st.push(po);
break;
case 'P':
case 'p':
if (st.isempty())
cout << "stack already empty\n";
else
{
st.pop(po);
cout << "PO #" << po.fullname << " popped\n";
sum += po.payment;
cout << "Now, Sum is " << sum << endl;
}
break;
}
cout << "Please enter A to add a purchase order,\n"
<< "P to process a PO, or Q to quit.\n";
}
cout << "Bye\n";
return 0;
}
6.下面是一个类声明:
class Move
{
private:
double x;
double y;
public:
Move(double a = 0, double b = 0); // sets x, y to a, b
showmove() const; // shows current x,y values
Move add(const Move& m) const;
// this function adds x of m to x of invoking object to get new x,
// adds y of m to y of invoking object to get new y, creates a new
// move object initialized to new x, y values and returns it
reset(double a = 0, double b = 0); // resets x,y to a, b
};
请提供成员函数的定义和测试这个类的程序。
.h:
#pragma once
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
class Move
{
private:
double x;
double y;
public:
Move(double a = 0, double b = 0); // sets x, y to a, b
void showmove() const; // shows current x,y values
Move add(const Move& m) const;
// this function adds x of m to x of invoking object to get new x,
// adds y of m to y of invoking object to get new y, creates a new
// move object initialized to new x, y values and returns it
void reset(double a = 0, double b = 0); // resets x,y to a, b
};
.cpp:
#include "Topic6.h"
Move::Move(double a, double b)
{
x = a;
y = b;
}
void Move::showmove() const
{
cout << "x坐标为:" << x << " ";
cout << "y坐标为:" << y << endl;
}
Move Move::add(const Move& m) const
{
return Move(m.x,m.y);
}
void Move::reset(double a, double b)
{
x = a;
y = b;
}
主文件:
#include "Topic6.h"
int main()
{
Move m1;
m1.showmove();
Move m2(1,1);
m2.showmove();
m2=m2.add(m1);
m2.showmove();
Move m3(2, 2);
m3.showmove();
m3.reset();
m3.showmove();
}
7.Betelgeusean plorg有这些特征。
数据:
·plorg的名称不超过19个字符
·plorg的满意指数(CI),这是一个整数
操作:
·新的plorg将有名称,其CI值为50
·plorg的CI可以修改
·plorg可以报告其名称和CI
·plorg的默认名称为“Plorga”
请编写一个Plorg类声明(包括数据成员和成员函数原型)来表示plorg,并编写成员函数的函数定义。然后编写一个小程序,以演示Plorg类的所有特性。
.h:
#pragma once
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
class PLORGA
{
private:
static const int namesize = 20;
char name[namesize];
int CI;
public:
PLORGA(const char*name02="Plorga",int CI02 =50);
void showplgera();
void changeCI(int CI02);
};
.cpp:
#include "Topic7.h"
PLORGA::PLORGA(const char* name02, int CI02)
{
if (strlen(name02)>19)
{
cout << "该名称超过了19个字符,不符合规定";
}
else if (strlen(name02)>0 && strlen(name02)<=19)
{
strncpy_s(this->name, namesize, name02, sizeof(name02));
this->CI = CI02;
}
}
void PLORGA::showplgera()
{
cout << "名字为:" << name << ",满意指数为:" << CI<<endl;
}
void PLORGA::changeCI(int CI02)
{
this->CI = CI02;
}
主文件:
#include "Topic7.h"
int main()
{
PLORGA p1;
p1.showplgera();
p1.changeCI(20);
p1.showplgera();
}
8.可以将简单列表描述成下面这样
·可存储0或多个某种类型的列表
·可创建空列表
·可在列表中添加数据项
·可确定列表是否为空
·可确定列表是否为满
·可访问列表中的每一个数据项,并对它执行某种操作
可以看到,这个列表确实很简单,例如,它不允许插入或删除数据项请设计一个List类来表示这种抽象类型。您应提供头文件list.h和实现文件list.cpp,前者包含类定义,后者包含类方法的实现。您还应该创建一个简短的程序来使用这个类该列表的规范很简单,这个主要旨在简化这个编程练习。可以选择使用数组或链表来实现该列表,但公有接口不应依赖于所做的选择。也就是说,公有接口不应有数组索引、节点指针等。应使用通用概念来表达创建列表、在列表中添加数据项等操作。对于访问数据项以及执行操作,通常应使用将函数指针作为参数的函数来处理:void visit(void (*pf)(Item&));其中。pf指向一个将Item引用作为参数的函数(而不是成员函数),Item是列表中数据项的类型。visit()函数将该函数用于列表中的每个数据项。
.h:
#pragma once
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
typedef int Item;
class List
{
private:
static const int num = 20;
Item list[num];
int p;
public:
List();
void addItem(Item a);
bool isempty();
bool isfull();
void visit(void (*pf)(Item&));
};
.cpp:
#include "Topic8.h"
List::List()
{
p = 0;
}
void List::addItem(Item a)
{
if (p<=num-1&&p>=0)
{
list[p] = a;
++p;
}
else
{
cout << "无法添加";
}
}
bool List::isempty()
{
if (p==0)
{
return true;
}
else
{
return false;
}
}
bool List::isfull()
{
if (p == num)
{
return true;
}
else
{
return false;
}
}
void List::visit(void(*pf)(Item&))
{
pf(list[p-1]);
}
主文件:
#include "Topic8.h"
void add(Item& a)
{
a += 10;
cout << a<<endl;
}
void leess(Item& a)
{
a -= 10;
cout << a << endl;
}
int main()
{
List L1;
cout << L1.isempty() << " " << L1.isfull() << endl;
for (int i = 0; i < 20; i++)
{
L1.addItem(i);
}
cout << L1.isempty() << " " << L1.isfull() << endl;
L1.visit(add);
L1.visit(leess);
}