d y d t + μ y = c λ y α ( 0 < α < 1 ) \frac{d y}{d t}+\mu y=c \lambda y^{\alpha}(0<\alpha<1) dtdy+μy=cλyα(0<α<1)
d
y
d
t
+
μ
y
=
f
0
λ
y
α
\frac{\mathrm{d} y}{\mathrm{d} t}+\mu y=f_{0} \lambda y^{\alpha}
dtdy+μy=f0λyα
→
d
y
d
t
∗
y
−
α
+
μ
y
1
−
α
=
f
0
λ
\rightarrow\frac{\mathrm{d} y}{\mathrm{d} t}*y^{-\alpha}+\mu y^{1-\alpha}=f_{0} \lambda
→dtdy∗y−α+μy1−α=f0λ
y
1
−
α
=
z
y^{1-\alpha}=z
y1−α=z
d
z
d
t
+
μ
∗
z
=
f
0
λ
\frac{dz}{dt}+\mu*z=f_{0} \lambda
dtdz+μ∗z=f0λ
(1)我们假设
α
=
0.5
,
K
0
=
1
,
L
0
=
1
,
λ
=
1
,
μ
=
−
1
,
f
0
=
1
\alpha=0.5,K_0=1,L_0=1,\lambda=1,\mu=-1,f_0=1
α=0.5,K0=1,L0=1,λ=1,μ=−1,f0=1
d
L
d
t
=
L
\frac{dL}{dt}=L
dtdL=L
d
z
d
t
−
z
=
1
,
z
0
=
1
\frac{dz}{dt}-z=1,z_0=1
dtdz−z=1,z0=1
tspan = [0 100];
y0 = 1;
[t,y] = ode45(@(t,y) 1+y, tspan, y0);
plot(t,y,’-o’)
为了更好观察效果:
我们把区间缩短:[0-10]
tspan = [0 10];
y0 = 1;
[t,y] = ode45(@(t,y) 1+y, tspan, y0);
plot(t,y,’-o’)
这里我们采用了 1 ∗ 1 0 4 1*10^4 1∗104的科学计数法
t(*10^4) | z_1(*10^4) |
---|---|
0.0001 | 0.0004 |
0.0001 | 0.0005 |
0.0001 | 0.0006 |
0.0002 | 0.0008 |
0.0002 | 0.0011 |
0.0002 | 0.0014 |
0.0002 | 0.0018 |
0.0003 | 0.0024 |
0.0003 | 0.0030 |
0.0003 | 0.0039 |
0.0003 | 0.0051 |
0.0004 | 0.0066 |
0.0004 | 0.0085 |
0.0004 | 0.0109 |
0.0004 | 0.0140 |
0.0005 | 0.0180 |
0.0005 | 0.0232 |
0.0005 | 0.0298 |
0.0005 | 0.0382 |
0.0006 | 0.0491 |
0.0006 | 0.0631 |
0.0006 | 0.0811 |
0.0006 | 0.1041 |
0.0007 | 0.1337 |
0.0007 | 0.1717 |
0.0007 | 0.2205 |
0.0007 | 0.2832 |
0.0008 | 0.3636 |
0.0008 | 0.4670 |
0.0008 | 0.5996 |
0.0008 | 0.7699 |
0.0009 | 0.9887 |
0.0009 | 1.2697 |
0.0009 | 1.6302 |
0.0009 | 2.0931 |
0.0010 | 2.6877 |
0.0010 | 3.0412 |
0.0010 | 3.4412 |
0.0010 | 3.8938 |
0.0010 | 4.4059 |
(3)比较数值解和解析解:
已给出解析解
→
y
(
t
)
=
(
f
0
λ
μ
+
(
y
0
1
−
α
−
f
0
λ
μ
)
e
−
(
1
−
α
)
μ
t
)
1
/
1
−
α
\rightarrow y(t)=\left(\frac{f_{0} \lambda}{\mu}+\left(y_{0}^{1-\alpha}-\frac{f_{0} \lambda}{\mu}\right) \mathrm{e}^{-(1-\alpha) \mu t}\right)^{1 / 1-\alpha}
→y(t)=(μf0λ+(y01−α−μf0λ)e−(1−α)μt)1/1−α
我们假设
α
=
0.5
,
K
0
=
1
,
L
0
=
1
,
λ
=
1
,
μ
=
−
1
,
f
0
=
1
\alpha=0.5,K_0=1,L_0=1,\lambda=1,\mu=-1,f_0=1
α=0.5,K0=1,L0=1,λ=1,μ=−1,f0=1
解析解:
y
(
t
)
=
(
2
e
0.5
t
−
1
)
2
y(t)=(2e^{0.5t}-1)^2
y(t)=(2e0.5t−1)2
x=0:10
y=(2exp(0.5x)-1).^2
z=2exp(0.5x)-1
w=1.0e+02 * z
做变换: y 1 − α = z , α = 0.5 , z 1 y^{1-\alpha}=z,\alpha=0.5,z_1 y1−α=z,α=0.5,z1为数值解, z 2 z_2 z2为解析解
t(*10^4) | z_1(*10^4) | z_2(*10^4) |
---|---|---|
0.0001 | 0.0004 | 0.0230 |
0.0001 | 0.0005 | 0.0230 |
0.0001 | 0.0006 | 0.0230 |
0.0002 | 0.0008 | 0.0444 |
0.0002 | 0.0011 | 0.0444 |
0.0002 | 0.0014 | 0.0444 |
0.0002 | 0.0018 | 0.0444 |
0.0003 | 0.0024 | 0.0796 |
0.0003 | 0.0030 | 0.0796 |
0.0003 | 0.0039 | 0.0796 |
0.0003 | 0.0051 | 0.0796 |
0.0004 | 0.0066 | 0.1378 |
0.0004 | 0.0085 | 0.1378 |
0.0004 | 0.0109 | 0.1378 |
0.0004 | 0.0140 | 0.1378 |
0.0005 | 0.0180 | 0.2336 |
0.0005 | 0.0232 | 0.2336 |
0.0005 | 0.0298 | 0.2336 |
0.0005 | 0.0382 | 0.2336 |
0.0006 | 0.0491 | 0.3917 |
0.0006 | 0.0631 | 0.3917 |
0.0006 | 0.0811 | 0.3917 |
0.0006 | 0.1041 | 0.3917 |
0.0007 | 0.1337 | 0.6523 |
0.0007 | 0.1717 | 0.6523 |
0.0007 | 0.2205 | 0.6523 |
0.0007 | 0.2832 | 0.6523 |
0.0008 | 0.3636 | 1.0820 |
0.0008 | 0.4670 | 1.0820 |
0.0008 | 0.5996 | 1.0820 |
0.0008 | 0.7699 | 1.0820 |
0.0009 | 0.9887 | 1.7903 |
0.0009 | 1.2697 | 1.7903 |
0.0009 | 1.6302 | 1.7903 |
0.0009 | 2.0931 | 1.7903 |
0.0010 | 2.6877 | 2.9583 |
0.0010 | 3.0412 | 2.9583 |
0.0010 | 3.4412 | 2.9583 |
0.0010 | 3.8938 | 2.9583 |
0.0010 | 4.4059 | 2.9583 |