键值生成及消息队列移除

一、键值生成
（1）发送

#include <stdio.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/ipc.h>
#include <sys/msg.h>
#include <string.h>

//int msgget(key_t key, int msgflg);

//       int msgsnd(int msqid, const void *msgp, size_t msgsz, int msgflg);

//       ssize_t msgrcv(int msqid, void *msgp, size_t msgsz, long msgtyp,
  //                    int msgflg);

 struct msgbuf {
  
               long mtype;/*内容类型*/
               char mtext[128];/*内容*/
  
              };


int   main()
{
       //1.huoqu
        struct msgbuf  sendbuf={888,"this us message from quen"}; 
        struct msgbuf  readbuf;

        key_t key;
        key=ftok(".",'z');
        printf("key=%x\n",key);       
       
       int msgId=msgget(0x1235,IPC_CREAT|0777);

        if(msgId==-1)
       {
             printf("get que failuer\n");
       }

         msgsnd(msgId,&sendbuf,strlen(sendbuf.mtext),0);
         printf("send over\n");
   
         msgrcv(msgId,&readbuf,sizeof(readbuf.mtext),988,0);

         printf("return  from get:%s\n",readbuf.mtext);

         return 0;
}

运行结果:

（2）接收

#include <stdio.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/ipc.h>
#include <sys/msg.h>
#include <string.h>

//int msgget(key_t key, int msgflg);

//       int msgsnd(int msqid, const void *msgp, size_t msgsz, int msgflg);

//       ssize_t msgrcv(int msqid, void *msgp, size_t msgsz, long msgtyp,
  //                    int msgflg);

 struct msgbuf {
  
               long mtype;/*内容类型*/
               char mtext[128];/*内容*/
  
              };


int   main()
{
       //1.huoqu
        struct msgbuf  readbuf; 
       
        key_t key;
        key=ftok(".",'z');
        printf("key=%x\n",key);

        int msgId=msgget(0x1235,IPC_CREAT|0777);

        if(msgId==-1)
       {
             printf("get que failuer\n");
       }

       //2.jieshou 
         
         msgrcv(msgId,&readbuf,sizeof(readbuf.mtext),888,0);
         printf("read from que:%s\n",readbuf.mtext);

        struct msgbuf  sendbuf={988,"thank you for reach"}; 
        msgsnd(msgId,&sendbuf,strlen(sendbuf.mtext),0);

         return 0;
}

运行结果:

ftok函数:


键值生成:
key = ftok(".", 1);

"."为当前路径

后面的值是id值，写什么都可以，可以是数字，也可以是字符。

二、当队列用完之后，要干掉队列，要用到的API是msgctl

msgctl的参数:
第一个参数是队列id:msgid。

第二个参数是指令cmd: 最常用的是IPC_RMID,作用是把消息队列的链表从内核中移除。

第三个参数一般写NULL。

（1）发送:

#include <stdio.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/ipc.h>
#include <sys/msg.h>
#include <string.h>

//1.int msgget(key_t key, int msgflg);

//2.int msgsnd(int msqid, const void *msgp, size_t msgsz, int msgflg);

//3.ssize_t msgrcv(int msqid, void *msgp, size_t msgsz, long msgtyp,
  //                    int msgflg);

 struct msgbuf {
  
               long mtype; /*内容类型*/
               char mtext[128];/* 内容*/
  
              };


int   main()
{
       //1.获取
        struct msgbuf  sendbuf={888,"this us message from quen"}; 
        struct msgbuf  readbuf;

        key_t key;//定义键值
        key=ftok(".",'z');
        printf("key=%x\n",key);       
       
       int msgId=msgget(0x1235,IPC_CREAT|0777);

        if(msgId==-1)
       {
             printf("get que failuer\n");
       }

         msgsnd(msgId,&sendbuf,strlen(sendbuf.mtext),0);
         printf("send over\n");
   
     //2.接受
          msgrcv(msgId,&readbuf,sizeof(readbuf.mtext),988,0);

         printf("return  from get:%s\n",readbuf.mtext);

         msgctl(msgId,IPC_RMID,NULL);

         return 0;
}

运行结果:

（2）接收

#include <stdio.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/ipc.h>
#include <sys/msg.h>
#include <string.h>

//1.int msgget(key_t key, int msgflg);

//2.int msgsnd(int msqid, const void *msgp, size_t msgsz, int msgflg);

//3.ssize_t msgrcv(int msqid, void *msgp, size_t msgsz, long msgtyp,
  //                    int msgflg);

 struct msgbuf {
  
               long mtype;/*内容类型*/
               char mtext[128];/*内容*/
  
              };


int   main()
{
       //1.获取
        struct msgbuf  readbuf; 
       
        key_t key;//定义键值
        key=ftok(".",'z');
        printf("key=%x\n",key);

        int msgId=msgget(0x1235,IPC_CREAT|0777);

        if(msgId==-1)
       {
             printf("get que failuer\n");
       }

       //2.接受
         msgrcv(msgId,&readbuf,sizeof(readbuf.mtext),888,0);
         printf("read from que:%s\n",readbuf.mtext);

        struct msgbuf  sendbuf={988,"thank you for reach"}; 
        msgsnd(msgId,&sendbuf,strlen(sendbuf.mtext),0);
        
        msgctl(msgId,IPC_RMID,NULL);
         return 0;
}

运行结果：

注释:
0777,对文件具有可读可写的权限

——@上官可编程