6 OpenCV图像处理实战

图像的自由缩放以及边缘裁剪

程序6-1：

import cv2

img = cv2.imread("lena.jpg")
img_hsv = cv2.cvtColor(img, cv2.COLOR_BGR2HSV)
turn_green_hsv = img_hsv.copy()
turn_green_hsv[:, :, 0] = (turn_green_hsv[:, :, 0] - 30) % 180#0色调 1饱和度 2明暗度
turn_green_img = cv2.cvtColor(turn_green_hsv, cv2.COLOR_HSV2BGR)
cv2.imshow("test", turn_green_img)
cv2.waitKey(0)

结果：

程序6-2：

import cv2

img = cv2.imread("lena.jpg")
img_hsv = cv2.cvtColor(img, cv2.COLOR_BGR2HSV)
less_color_hsv = img_hsv.copy()
less_color_hsv[:, :, 0] = less_color_hsv[:, :, 0] * 0.6
turn_green_img = cv2.cvtColor(less_color_hsv, cv2.COLOR_HSV2BGR)
cv2.imshow("test", turn_green_img)
cv2.waitKey(0)

结果：

程序6-3：

import cv2
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

img = plt.imread("lena.jpg")
gamma_change = [np.power(x / 255, 0.4) * 255 for x in range(256)]#gamma变换
gamma_img = np.round(np.array(gamma_change)).astype(np.uint8)
img_corrected = cv2.LUT(img, gamma_img)
plt.subplot(121)
plt.imshow(img)
plt.subplot(122)
plt.imshow(img_corrected)
plt.show()

结果：

程序6-4：

import cv2
import numpy as np

img = cv2.imread("lena.jpg")
#仿射变换矩阵 图形缩小为原来80%，逆时针旋转90度，左移100，下移12
M_copy_img = np.array([
    [0, 0.8, -100],
    [0.8, 0, -12]
], dtype=np.float32)
img_change = cv2.warpAffine(img, M_copy_img, (300, 300))
cv2.imshow("test", img_change)
cv2.waitKey(0)

结果：

使用OpenCV扩大图像数据库

程序6-5：

#图像的随机裁剪
import cv2
import random

img = cv2.imread("lena.jpg")
width, height, depth = img.shape
img_width_box = width * 0.2
img_height_box = height * 0.2
for _ in range(9):
    start_pointX = int(random.uniform(0, img_width_box))
    start_pointY = int(random.uniform(0, img_height_box))
    copyImg = img[start_pointX:200, start_pointY:200]
    cv2.imshow("test", copyImg)
    cv2.waitKey(0)

结果：

程序6-6：

#图像的随机旋转变换
import cv2

img = cv2.imread("lena.jpg")
rows, cols, depth = img.shape
img_change = cv2.getRotationMatrix2D((cols / 2, rows / 2), 45, 1)#依托中心，逆时针旋转角度，缩放倍数
res = cv2.warpAffine(img, img_change, (rows, cols))
cv2.imshow("test", res)
cv2.waitKey(0)

结果：

程序6-7：

#图像色彩的随机变换
import cv2
import numpy as np

img = cv2.imread("lena.jpg")
img_hsv = cv2.cvtColor(img, cv2.COLOR_BGR2HSV)
turn_green_hsv = img_hsv.copy()
turn_green_hsv[:, :, 0] = (turn_green_hsv[:, :, 0] + np.random.random()) % 180
turn_green_hsv[:, :, 1] = (turn_green_hsv[:, :, 1] + np.random.random()) % 180
turn_green_hsv[:, :, 2] = (turn_green_hsv[:, :, 2] + np.random.random()) % 180
turn_green_img = cv2.cvtColor(turn_green_hsv, cv2.COLOR_HSV2BGR)
cv2.imshow("test", turn_green_img)
cv2.waitKey(0)

结果：

程序：

#用鼠标在图片上画矩形框
import cv2
def draw_rectangle(event,x,y,flags,param):
    global ix, iy
    if event==cv2.EVENT_LBUTTONDOWN:
        ix, iy = x, y
        print("point1:=", x, y)
    elif event==cv2.EVENT_LBUTTONUP:
        print("point2:=", x, y)
        print("width=",x-ix)
        print("height=", y - iy)
        cv2.rectangle(img, (ix, iy), (x, y), (0, 255, 0), 2)

img = cv2.imread("lena.jpg")  #加载图片
cv2.namedWindow('image')
cv2.setMouseCallback('image', draw_rectangle)
while(1):
    cv2.imshow('image', img)
    if cv2.waitKey(20) & 0xFF == 27:
        break
cv2.destroyAllWindows()

结果：

程序6-8：

import cv2

def on_mouse(event,x,y,flags,param):
    global start_x,start_y
    global end_x,end_y
    if event==cv2.EVENT_LBUTTONDOWN:
        start_x=x
        start_y=y
        print("point1:=", start_x,start_y)
    elif event==cv2.EVENT_LBUTTONUP:
        end_x=x
        end_y=y
        print("point2:=", end_x,end_y)
        print("width=",end_x-start_x)
        print("height=",end_y-start_y)
        cv2.rectangle(img, (start_x,start_y), (end_x,end_y), (0, 255, 0), 2)

img = cv2.imread("lena.jpg")  #加载图片
cv2.namedWindow('image')
cv2.setMouseCallback('image', on_mouse)
while(1):
    cv2.imshow('image', img)
    if cv2.waitKey(20) & 0xFF == 27:
        break
cv2.destroyAllWindows()

结果：

point1:= 49 44
point2:= 191 205
width= 142
height= 161