C++程序设计之指针与引用（谭浩强6.5-6.13）

例6.5 指针变量指向数组元素并输出；

#include<iostream> 
#include<string>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
	int a[10];
	int i, *p = a;
	for (i = 0; i < 10; i++)
		cin >> *(p + i);
	cout << endl;
	for (p = a; p < (a + 10); p++)
		cout << *p << " ";
		cout << endl;
	return 0;
}

执行效果如图：

例6.9，定义一个字符指针变量并初始化，然后输出他指向的字符串：

#include<iostream> 
#include<string>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
	char *str = "I love china!";
	cout << str << endl;
	return 0;
}

执行效果如图：

例6.10,将字符串str1复制为字符串str2

#include<iostream> 
using namespace std;
int main()
{
	char str1[] = "I love china",str2[20], *p1, *p2;
	p1 = str1; p2=str2;
	for (; *p1 != '\0'; p1++, p2++)
		*p2 = *p1;
	*p2 = '\0';
	p1 = str1; p2 = str2;
	cout << "str1 is:" << p1 << endl;
	cout << "str2 is:" << p2 << endl; 
	return 0;
}

执行效果如图：

例6.12 若干字符串按字母顺序输出：

#include<iostream> 
using namespace std;
int main()
{
	void sort(char *name[], int n);
	void print(char *name[], int n);
	char *name[] = { "Basic", "Fortran", "C++", "Pascal", "Cobol" };
	int n = 5;
	sort(name, n);
	print(name, n);
	return 0;
}
void sort(char *name[], int n)
{
	char *temp;
	int i, j, k;
	for (i = 0; i < n - 1; i++)
	{
		k = i;
		for (j = i + 1; j < n; j++)
			if (strcmp(name[k], name[j]) > 0)k = j;
		if (k != i)
		{
			temp = name[i]; name[i] = name[k]; name[k] = temp;
		}
	}
}
void print(char *name[], int n)
{
	int i; 
	for (i = 0; i < n; i++)
		cout << name[i] << endl;
}

执行效果如图：

6.13指向指针的指针：

#include<iostream> 
using namespace std;
int main()
{
	char **p;
	char *name[] = { "Basic", "Fortran", "C++", "Pascal", "Cobol" };
	p = name + 1;
	cout << *p << endl;
	cout << **p << endl;
}

执行效果如图：