ITK06 梯度边缘检测

 GradientMagnitudeImageFilter    

        图像梯度的强度广泛地应用在图像分析中，主要用来帮助检测对象轮廓和分离均匀区域。itk::GradientMagnitudeImageFilter 使用一个简单的有限差分方式来计算图像中每个像素位置的梯度强度。例如：在二维情况下计算等同于将图像使用模块类型，如下所示：

原图像

梯度检测后

#include "itkImageFileReader.h"//读取头文件
#include "itkImageFileWriter.h"//写入头文件
#include "itkGDCMImageIO.h"//ImageIo头文件
#include "itkIntensityWindowingImageFilter.h"//调窗处理头文件
#include "itkBinaryThresholdImageFilter.h"//二值门限处理头文件
#include "itkBinaryBallStructuringElement.h"//基本球形
#include "itkBinaryErodeImageFilter.h"//腐蚀头文件
#include "itkBinaryDilateImageFilter.h"//膨胀头文件
#include "itkGrayscaleFillholeImageFilter.h"//灰度图像孔洞填充
#include "itkRescaleIntensityImageFilter.h"//像素值映射头文件
#include "itkGradientMagnitudeImageFilter.h"//梯度强度头文件

int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{
    typedef  signed short  PixelType; // signed short 数据类型
    typedef itk::Image< PixelType, 2 >   ImageType;//image类型

    typedef itk::ImageFileReader< ImageType >  ReaderType;
    typedef itk::ImageFileWriter< ImageType >  WriterType;
    ReaderType::Pointer reader = ReaderType::New();//reader
    WriterType::Pointer writer = WriterType::New();//writer

    typedef itk::GDCMImageIO ImageIOType;
    ImageIOType::Pointer gdcmImageIO = ImageIOType::New();//gdcmImageIO

    reader->SetFileName("D:/leg_dcm/IM70.dcm");//读取文件
    reader->SetImageIO(gdcmImageIO);
    reader->Update();

    //调窗处理
    typedef itk::IntensityWindowingImageFilter<ImageType, ImageType >  IntensityFilterType;
    IntensityFilterType::Pointer intensityWindowing = IntensityFilterType::New();
    intensityWindowing->SetWindowMinimum(124);//最小窗值
    intensityWindowing->SetWindowMaximum(126);//最大窗值
    intensityWindowing->SetOutputMinimum(0);//
    intensityWindowing->SetOutputMaximum(255); // 
    intensityWindowing->SetInput(reader->GetOutput());//
    intensityWindowing->Update();

    //二值门限
    typedef itk::BinaryThresholdImageFilter<ImageType, ImageType > ThresholdingFilterType;
    ThresholdingFilterType::Pointer thresholder = ThresholdingFilterType::New();
    thresholder->SetInput(intensityWindowing->GetOutput());
    thresholder->SetUpperThreshold(255);//上下阈值参数设定
    thresholder->SetLowerThreshold(250);
    thresholder->SetOutsideValue(0);//输出值设定，背景为0，前景为255
    thresholder->SetInsideValue(255);
    thresholder->Update();

    //用于二值图像的构造成员
    typedef itk::BinaryBallStructuringElement< PixelType, 2  > StructuringElementType;
    StructuringElementType  structuringElement;
    structuringElement.SetRadius(1);   //领域大小为3*3
    structuringElement.CreateStructuringElement();

    //开运算：先膨胀再腐蚀
    typedef itk::BinaryErodeImageFilter <ImageType, ImageType, StructuringElementType >  ErodeFilterType;// 腐蚀，需要用输入、输出图像类型和构造成员实例化
    typedef itk::BinaryDilateImageFilter <ImageType, ImageType, StructuringElementType >  DilateFilterType;// 膨胀，需要用输入、输出图像类型和构造成员实例化

    DilateFilterType::Pointer binaryDilate = DilateFilterType::New();
    binaryDilate->SetInput(thresholder->GetOutput());
    binaryDilate->SetKernel(structuringElement);
    binaryDilate->SetDilateValue(255);
    binaryDilate->Update();

    ErodeFilterType::Pointer  binaryErode = ErodeFilterType::New();
    binaryErode->SetInput(binaryDilate->GetOutput());
    binaryErode->SetKernel(structuringElement);
    binaryErode->SetErodeValue(255);
    binaryErode->Update();

    //闭运算：先腐蚀再膨胀
    ErodeFilterType::Pointer  binaryErode1 = ErodeFilterType::New();
    binaryErode1->SetInput(binaryErode->GetOutput());
    binaryErode1->SetKernel(structuringElement);
    binaryErode1->SetErodeValue(255);
    binaryErode1->Update();

    DilateFilterType::Pointer binaryDilate1 = DilateFilterType::New();
    binaryDilate1->SetInput(binaryErode1->GetOutput());
    binaryDilate1->SetKernel(structuringElement);
    binaryDilate1->SetDilateValue(255);
    binaryDilate1->Update();

    //二值门限处理
    typedef itk::BinaryThresholdImageFilter<ImageType, ImageType > ThresholdingFilterType;
    ThresholdingFilterType::Pointer thresholder1 = ThresholdingFilterType::New();
    thresholder1->SetInput(binaryDilate1->GetOutput());
    thresholder1->SetUpperThreshold(255);//上下阈值参数设定
    thresholder1->SetLowerThreshold(250);
    thresholder1->SetOutsideValue(0);//输出值设定，背景为0，前景为255
    thresholder1->SetInsideValue(255);
    thresholder1->Update();

    //孔洞填充(灰度图像)
    typedef itk::GrayscaleFillholeImageFilter<ImageType, ImageType> FillHoleType;
    FillHoleType::Pointer fillHoleFilter = FillHoleType::New();
    fillHoleFilter->SetInput(thresholder1->GetOutput());
    fillHoleFilter->Update();

    //梯度强度
    typedef itk::GradientMagnitudeImageFilter< ImageType, ImageType >  FilterType;
    FilterType::Pointer gradfilter = FilterType::New();
    gradfilter->SetInput(fillHoleFilter->GetOutput());
    gradfilter->Update();

    typedef itk::RescaleIntensityImageFilter< ImageType, ImageType > RescaleFilterType;
    RescaleFilterType::Pointer rescaler = RescaleFilterType::New();
    rescaler->SetInput(gradfilter->GetOutput());
    rescaler->SetOutputMinimum(0);
    rescaler->SetOutputMaximum(255);
    rescaler->Update();

    writer->SetInput(rescaler->GetOutput());
    writer->SetFileName("D:/009.dcm");
    writer->SetImageIO(gdcmImageIO);
    writer->Update();



    return EXIT_SUCCESS;
}