使用Gradle进行项目构建管理

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已于 2023-03-30 11:55:34 修改

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分类专栏：软件安装配置文章标签： java gradle

于 2023-03-30 09:25:54 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_43820556/article/details/129830261

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使用Gradle进行项目构建管理

安装配置Gradle

Gradle的安装与配置

创建项目

使用gradle init命令创建root项目

E:\code\myself\china-unicorn>gradle init
Starting a Gradle Daemon, 1 busy Daemon could not be reused, use --status for details

Select type of project to generate:
  1: basic
  2: application
  3: library
  4: Gradle plugin
Enter selection (default: basic) [1..4] 1

Select build script DSL:
  1: Groovy
  2: Kotlin
Enter selection (default: Groovy) [1..2] 1

Generate build using new APIs and behavior (some features may change in the next minor release)? (default: no) [yes, no]

Project name (default: china-unicorn):


> Task :init
Get more help with your project: Learn more about Gradle by exploring our samples at https://docs.gradle.org/7.5.1/samples

BUILD SUCCESSFUL in 4m
2 actionable tasks: 2 executed
E:\code\myself\china-unicorn>

修改gradle-wrapper.properties,配置本地distributionUrl。
```
distributionUrl=file:///E:/gradle/gradle-8.0.2-all.zip
```

在根目录下增加root级别的build.gradle文件

// 这是根目录build.gradle
// 应用于所有的project
allprojects {
    apply plugin: 'java'
    apply plugin: 'maven-publish'
    sourceCompatibility = '1.8'
    group 'org.donny.bigdata'
    version '1.0.0-SNAPSHOT'
    /* java编译的时候缺省状态下会因为中文字符而失败 */
    [compileJava, compileTestJava, javadoc]*.options*.encoding = 'UTF-8'

    buildscript {
        repositories {
            maven {
                url 'https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/public'
            }
        }
    }
}

// 所有子项目的通用配置
subprojects {
    //版本定义
    ext {
        log4jVersion = '2.20.0'
        sparkVersion = '2.3.3'
        scalaMajorMinorVersion = '2.11'
        // 打包时使用的预发布路径
        preDestinationDirectory = "$rootProject.buildDir\\preDist\\$rootProject.name-$rootProject.version"
    }
    // 添加通用依赖
    dependencies {
        testImplementation group: 'junit', name: 'junit', version: '4.12'
        testImplementation 'org.junit.jupiter:junit-jupiter-api:5.7.0'
        testRuntimeOnly 'org.junit.jupiter:junit-jupiter-engine:5.7.0'
    }
    // 仓库配置
    repositories {
        mavenLocal()
        def REPOSITORY_URL = 'http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public'
        all {
            ArtifactRepository repo ->
                if (repo instanceof MavenArtifactRepository) {
                    def url = repo.url.toString()
                    if (url.startsWith('https://artifacts.elastic.co/maven')
                            || url.startsWith('https://repo1.maven.org/maven2')
                            || url.startsWith('https://repo.maven.org/maven2')
                            || url.startsWith('https://jcenter.bintray.com/')
                            || url.startsWith('https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2')
                    ) {
                        project.logger.lifecycle "Repository ${repo.url} replaced by $REPOSITORY_URL."
                        remove repo
                    }
                }
        }
        maven {
            url REPOSITORY_URL
        }

    }
}

用idea，打开项目

图形化创建子模块server和子模块spark-on-yarn-monitor。

子模块可以使用父模块定义的变量，在ext中定义版本和一些子模块需要使用的变量

// 这是根目录build.gradle
// 应用于所有的project
allprojects {
    apply plugin: 'java'
    apply plugin: 'maven-publish'
    sourceCompatibility = '1.8'
    group 'org.donny.bigdata'
    version '1.0.0-SNAPSHOT'
    /* java编译的时候缺省状态下会因为中文字符而失败 */
    [compileJava, compileTestJava, javadoc]*.options*.encoding = 'UTF-8'

    buildscript {
        repositories {
            maven {
                url 'https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/public'
            }
        }
    }
}

// 所有子项目的通用配置
subprojects {
    //版本定义
    ext {
        log4jVersion = '2.20.0'
        sparkVersion = '2.3.3'
        scalaMajorMinorVersion = '2.11'
        // 打包时使用的预发布路径
        preDestinationDirectory = "$rootProject.buildDir\\preDist\\$rootProject.name-$rootProject.version"
    }
    // 添加通用依赖
    dependencies {
        testImplementation group: 'junit', name: 'junit', version: '4.12'
        testImplementation 'org.junit.jupiter:junit-jupiter-api:5.7.0'
        testRuntimeOnly 'org.junit.jupiter:junit-jupiter-engine:5.7.0'
    }
    // 仓库配置
    repositories {
        mavenLocal()
        def REPOSITORY_URL = 'http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public'
        all {
            ArtifactRepository repo ->
                if (repo instanceof MavenArtifactRepository) {
                    def url = repo.url.toString()
                    if (url.startsWith('https://artifacts.elastic.co/maven')
                            || url.startsWith('https://repo1.maven.org/maven2')
                            || url.startsWith('https://repo.maven.org/maven2')
                            || url.startsWith('https://jcenter.bintray.com/')
                            || url.startsWith('https://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2')
                    ) {
                        project.logger.lifecycle "Repository ${repo.url} replaced by $REPOSITORY_URL."
                        remove repo
                    }
                }
        }
        maven {
            url REPOSITORY_URL
        }
    }
}

server子模块配置如下，可以看到子模块可以使用父模块定义的变量

import org.gradle.util.GradleVersion

archivesBaseName = "Chineseunicorn"

ext.mailVersion = '2.0.1'
ext.nettyVersion = '4.1.90.Final'

dependencies {
    // 日志依赖
    implementation group: 'org.apache.logging.log4j', name: 'log4j-api', version: "${log4jVersion}"
    implementation group: 'org.apache.logging.log4j', name: 'log4j-core', version: "${log4jVersion}"
    // jakarta邮件依赖
    implementation "com.sun.mail:jakarta.mail:${mailVersion}"
    implementation group: 'jakarta.mail', name: 'jakarta.mail-api', version: "${mailVersion}"
    // netty
    implementation group: 'io.netty', name: 'netty-all', version: "${nettyVersion}"
}

test {
    useJUnitPlatform()
}

改写父子模块的jar任务

root模块，依赖子模块的jar关系

jar {
    dependsOn clean
    // 依赖子模块spark-on-yarn-monitor的jar任务
    dependsOn ':spark-on-yarn-monitor:jar'
    // 依赖子模块server的jar任务
    dependsOn ':server:jar'
}

server子模块

将运行时依赖的jar打入一个单独的lib文件夹
依赖其他子模块的任务 dependsOn ':spark-on-yarn-monitor:jar'
manifest文件编写

// 重写jar
jar {
    dependsOn ':spark-on-yarn-monitor:jar'
    dependsOn 'clearPreDist'
    dependsOn 'copyBin'
    dependsOn 'copyJar'
    dependsOn 'copyConf'

    from sourceSets.main.output
    dependsOn configurations.runtimeClasspath

    String someString = ''
    configurations.runtimeClasspath.each { someString = someString + " lib//" + it.name }
    manifest {
        attributes 'Implementation-Title': archivesBaseName
        attributes 'Implementation-Vendor-Id': 'com.donny'
        attributes 'Implementation-Version': archiveVersion
        attributes 'Main-Class': 'com.donny.bigdata.surveillance.ChineseUnicorn'
        attributes 'Created-By': 'Gradle ' + GradleVersion.current()
        attributes 'Build-Jdk': JavaVersion.current()
        attributes 'Class-Path': someString
    }
    // 控制jar的输出位置
    destinationDirectory = file("${preDestinationDirectory}")
    // 开启zip64压缩输出
    zip64 true
}
// 打包
task clearPreDist(type: Delete) {
    delete "${preDestinationDirectory}"
}
// 将依赖包复制到lib目录
task copyJar(type: Copy) {
    into "${preDestinationDirectory}" + "\\lib"
    from configurations.runtimeClasspath
}
// 将配置文件复制到conf目录
task copyConf(type: Copy) {
    into "${preDestinationDirectory}" + "\\conf"
    from "$rootProject.rootDir" + "\\conf"
}
// 将脚本复制到bin目录
task copyBin(type: Copy) {
    into "${preDestinationDirectory}" + "\\bin"
    from "$rootProject.rootDir" + "\\bin"
}

spark-on-yarn-monitor子模块

// 改写
jar {
    // 将所有implementation依赖一起打包到jar，需要对冲突定义规则，我这里采用DuplicatesStrategy.EXCLUDE策略
    configurations.implementation.canBeResolved = true
    duplicatesStrategy = DuplicatesStrategy.EXCLUDE
    from { configurations.implementation.collect { it.isDirectory() ? it : zipTree(it) } }
    manifest {
        attributes 'Main-Class': 'com.donny.bigdata.surveillance.spark.SparkOnYarnMonitor'
    }
    // 开启zip64压缩输出
    zip64 true
    // 控制jar的输出位置-父工程的plugins文件夹中
    destinationDirectory = file("${preDestinationDirectory}" + "\\plugins")
}

打包成zip或者tar

root模块的配置增加任务，最终发布包在文件夹distributions下。

task Zip(type: Zip) {
    dependsOn jar
    //要压缩的文件夹
    from("$buildDir\\preDist\\")
}

task buildTar(type: Tar) {
    dependsOn jar
    compression = Compression.GZIP
    archiveExtension = "tar.gz"
    //要压缩的文件夹
    from("$buildDir\\preDist\\")
}

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使用Gradle进行项目构建管理

图形化创建子模块server和子模块spark-on-yarn-monitor。子模块可以使用父模块定义的变量，在ext中定义版本和一些子模块需要使用的变量。root模块的配置增加任务，最终发布包在文件夹distributions下。server子模块配置如下，可以看到子模块可以使用父模块定义的变量。spark-on-yarn-monitor子模块。使用gradle init命令创建root项目。root模块，依赖子模块的jar关系。改写父子模块的jar任务。发不成zip或者tar。用idea，打开项目。
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