C++Primer Plus 第六章分支语句和逻辑运算符——课后习题笔记

编写一个程序,读取键盘输入,直到遇到@符号为止,并回显输入(数值除
外),同时将大写字符转换为小写,将小写字符转换为大写(别忘了cctype
函数系列)。
#include<iostream>
#include <cctype>

using namespace std;

int main(){
    char ch;
    while (cin.get(ch) && ch !='@'){
        if(ch >= 'a' && ch <= 'z'){
            ch =ch -32;
            cout<<ch;
            continue;
        }
        else if(ch >= 'A' && ch <= 'Z'){
            ch =ch + 32;
            cout<<ch;
            continue;
        }
        else if(!isalpha(ch)) {
            cout<<ch;
            continue;
        }
    }
}
编写一个程序,最多将10个donation值读入到一个double数组中(如果
您愿意,也可使用模板类array)。程序遇到非数字输入时将结束输入,
并报告这些数字的平均值以及数组中有多少个数字大于平均值。

#include<iostream>
#include <array>
using namespace std;

int main(void)
{
    const unsigned int SIZE = 10;
    array<double, SIZE> donation;
    unsigned int enter = 0;
    double total_value = 0.0;
    double avg = 0.0;
    unsigned int large_avg = 0;

     cout<< "Please enter up to ten double value, Non-digital to exit: " << endl;
    while (enter < 10 && (cin >> donation[enter]))
    {
        total_value += donation[enter];
        enter++;
    }

    avg = total_value / enter;
    for (unsigned int i = 0; i < enter; i++)
    {
        if (donation[i] > avg)
        {
            large_avg++;
        }
    }

    cout << "The average value is " << avg << ", and there are " << large_avg << " double value large than agerage value!" << endl;
    return 0;
}#include<iostream>

using namespace std;

int main(){

    double sum=0.0,ary[10],average;
    int count_1=0,count_2=0;
    for (int i = 0; i <10 ; ++i) {
        if(cin>>ary[i]){
            count_1++;
            sum +=ary[i];
        }
        else{
            break;
        }
    }
    average=sum/count_1;
    cout<<"average: "<<average<<endl;
    for (int j = 0; j <count_1 ; ++j){
        cout<<ary[j]<<endl;
        if(ary[j]>average){
            count_2 ++;
        }
    }
    cout<<count_2<<endl;
}

编写一个菜单驱动程序的雏形。该程序显示一个提供4个选项的菜单--
每一个选项用一个字母标记。如果用户使用有效选项之外的字母进行响
应,程序将提示用户输入一个有效字母,直到用户这样做为止。然后,
该程序使用一条switch语句,根据用户选择执行一个简单操作。该程序
的运行情况如下:
please enter one of the following choices:
c) carnivore              p) pianist
t) tree                   g) game
f
please enter a c, p, t, or g:q
please enter a c, p, t, or g:t
A maple is a tree.

#include<iostream>

using namespace std;

void report();
int main(){
    char ch;
    report();
    while (cin>>ch && ch !='q'){
        switch (ch){
            case 'c':
                cout<<" tiger is acarnivore"<<endl;
                break;
            case 'p':
                cout<<"Langlang is a famous pianist"<<endl;
                break;
            case 't':
                cout<<"A maple is a tree"<<endl;
                break;
            case 'g':
                cout<<"My favorite game is Kenshi"<<endl;
                break;
            default:
                report();
                cout<<"please enter a c, p, t, or g"<<endl;
                break;
        }
    }
    cout<<"Bye-bye"<<endl;
    return 0;
}

void report(){
    cout<<"please enter one of the following choices:\n"
          "c) carnivore              p) pianist\n"
          "t) tree                   g) game\n"
          "q) quit"     <<endl;
}
加人Benevolent Order Programmer后,在BOP大会上,人们便可以通过
可以通过加入者的真实姓名、头衔或者秘密BOP姓名来了解他(她)。请
编写一个程序,可以使用真实姓名、头衔、秘密姓名或者成员偏好来列出
成员偏好来列出成员。编写该程序时,请使用下面的结构:
//Benevolent Order of Programmers name structure
struct bop{
       char fullname[strsize] //real name
       char title[strszie] //job title
       char bopname[strsize]; //secret BOP name
       int preference      //0 = fullname,1 = title,2 = bopname
       }
该程序创建一个由上述结构组成的小型数组,并将其初始化为适当的值。
另外,该程序使用一个循环,让用户在下面的选项中进行选择:
a.display by name    b.display by title 
c.display by bopname  d.display by preference
q.quit
注意,“display by prefenren”并不意味着显示成员的偏好,而是意味
着根据成员的偏好来列出成员。例如,如果偏好为1,则选择d将显示成员
的头衔。该程序的运行情况如下:
Benevolent Order of Programmers Report
a.display by name    b.display by title 
c.display by bopname  d.display by preference
q.quit
Enter your choice:a
Wimp Macho
Raki Rhodes
Celia Laiter
Hoppy Hipman
Pat Hand
Next choice:d
Wimp Macho
Junior Programmer
MIPS
Analyst Trainee
LOOPY
Next choice:q
bye!

#include<iostream>

using namespace std;

struct bop{
    char fullname[50];
    char title[50];
    char bopname[50];
    int preference;
};

struct bop bopArray[5] = {
        {"Wimp Macho", "YYY", "Y----", 0},
        {"XXXXXXXX", "2XXXX", "3XXXXX", 1},
        {"AAAAAAAA", "2AAAA", "3AAAAA", 2},
        {"BBBBBBBB", "2BBBB", "3BBBBB", 0},
        {"CCCCCCCC", "4CCCC", "3CCCCC", 1}
};

void display_by_name();
void display_by_title();
void display_by_bopname();
void display_by_preference();
int main(){

    char ch;
    cout<<"Benevolent Order of Programmers Report\n"
          "a.display by name    b.display by title \n"
          "c.display by bopname  d.display by preference\n"
          "q.quit"<<endl;
    cout<<"Enter your choice: "<<endl;
    while (cin>>ch && ch !='q'){
        switch (ch){
            case 'a':
                display_by_name();
                break;
            case 'b':
                display_by_title();
                break;
            case 'c':
                display_by_bopname();
                break;
            case 'd':
                display_by_preference();
                break;
            default:
                cout<<"your entered char is errored"<<endl;
                break;
        }
        cout<<"Next choice: "<<endl;
    }
}

void display_by_name(){
    for(int i = 0;i<5;i++){
        cout<<bopArray[i].fullname<<endl;
    }
}
void display_by_title(){
    for(int i = 0;i<5;i++){
        cout<<bopArray[i].title<<endl;
    }
}
void display_by_bopname(){
    for(int i = 0;i<5;i++){
        cout<<bopArray[i].bopname<<endl;
    }
}
void display_by_preference(){
    for(int i = 0;i<5;i++){
        cout<<bopArray[i].preference<<endl;
    }
}

在Neutronia王国,货币单位是tvarp,收入所得税的计算方式如下:
5000 tvarps: 不收税
5001~15000 tvarps: 10%
15001~35000 tvarps: 15%
35000 tvarps: 20%
例如,收入为38000 tvarps 时,所得税为5000*0.00 + 10000 * 0.10
 + 20000 * 0.15 + 3000 * 0.20,即4600 tvarps。请编写一个程序
 使用循环来要求用户输入收入,并报告所得税。当用户输入负数或非数
 字时,循环将结束。
 #include<iostream>
using namespace std;

int main (){
    double income,tax;
    cout<<"pleace enter your income: ";

    while ((cin>>income) && (income>0.0) ){
        if(5001.0>income){
            tax = income*0.0;
        }
        else if((5001.0<=income) && (income<15000.0)){
            tax = (income-5000.0)*0.1+5000.0*0.0;
        }
        else if((15001.0<=income) && (income<35000.0)){
            tax = (income-15000.0)*0.15+5000.0*0.0+10000*0.10;
        }
        else {
            tax = (income-35000.0)*0.2+5000.0*0.0+10000*0.10+20000.0*0.15;
        }
        cout<<"your tax is "<<tax<<endl;
    }
    return 0;
}
编写一个程序,记录捐助给“维护合法权利团体”的资金。该程序要求用户
输入捐献者数目,然后要求用户输入每一个捐献者的姓名和款项。这些信
息被储存在一个动态分配的结构数组中。每个结构由两个成员:用来储存
姓名的字符组(或string对象)和用来储存款项的double成员。读取所
有的数据后,程序将显示所有捐款超过10000的捐款者的姓名及其捐款数
额。该列表前应包含一个标题,指出下面的捐款者是重要捐款人
(Crand Patrons).然后,程序将列出其他的捐款者,该列表要以
Patrons开头。如果某种类别没有捐款者,则程序将打印单词“none”。
该程序只显示这两种类别,而不进行排序。
#include <iostream>
#include <cstring>
using namespace std;

struct patrons{
    string name;
    double donation;
};
int main(){
    int patronsNumber,flag=0;
    cout << "How many patrons do you wish to push?" << endl;
    cin >> patronsNumber;
    patrons* List = new patrons[patronsNumber];
    for(int i =0;i<patronsNumber;i++){
        cout << "patron #" << i + 1 << endl;
        cout << "Please enter the name:" << endl;
        cin>>List[i].name;
        cout << "Please enter the donation:" << endl;
        (cin >> List[i].donation).get();
    }
    for(int i =0;i<patronsNumber;i++){
        if(List[i].donation>1000){
            cout << "Crand Patrons name: " << List[i].name << endl;
            cout << "Crand Patrons amount: " <<List[i].donation << endl;
            flag++;
        }
        if (flag == 0)
        {
            cout << "none" << endl;
        }

    }
    flag =0;
    for(int i =0;i<patronsNumber;i++){
        if(List[i].donation<=1000){
            cout << "Patrons name: " << List[i].name << endl;
            cout << "Patrons amount: " <<List[i].donation << endl;
            flag++;
        }
        if (flag == 0)
        {
            cout << "none" << endl;
        }

    }
    delete[] List;
    return 0;
}

编写一个程序,他每次读取一个单词,直到用户输入q。然后,该程序指
出有多少个单词以元音打头,有多少个单词以辅音打头,还有多少个单词
不属于这两类。为此,方法之一是,使用isalpha()来区分以字母或其
他字符打头的单词,然后对于通过了isalpha()测试的单词,使用ifswitch语句来确定哪些以元音打头。该程序的运行情况如下:
Enter words (q to quit):
**The 12 awesome oxen ambled
quietly across 15 meters of lawn. q**
5 words beginning with vowls
4 words beginning with consonants
2 others

#include <iostream>
#include <cstring>
using namespace std;

int main(){
    unsigned int vowels = 0;
    unsigned int consonants = 0;
    unsigned int others = 0;
    string input;

    cout << "Enter words (q to quit): " << endl;
    while (cin>>input){
        if(input.length()==1 && input[0] =='q'){
            break;
        }
        if(isalpha(input[0])){
            if (input[0] == 'a' || input[0] == 'e' || input[0] == 'i' || input[0] == 'o' || input[0] == 'u')
            {
                vowels++;
            }
            else
                consonants++;
        }
        else{
            others ++;
        }

    }

    cout << vowels << " words beginning with vowels" << endl;
    cout << consonants << " words beginning with consonants" << endl;
    cout << others << " otners" << endl;

    return 0;
}

编写一个程序,他打开一个文件,逐个字符地读取该文件,知道到达文件
末尾,然后指出该文件包含多少个字符。
#include <iostream>
#include <fstream>
#include <cstdlib>

using namespace std;

int main(){
    char ch;
    int num=0;
    ifstream inFile;
    inFile.open("D:\\ClionProject\\abc.txt");

    if(!inFile.is_open()){
        cout<<"Could not open the file"<<endl;
        cout<<"Program terminating.\n";
        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
    }
    while ((ch = inFile.get()) != EOF)
    {
        num++;
    }

    cout << "There are " << num << " characters in " <<  " file." << endl;
}

完成编程练习6,但从文件中读取所需信息。该文件的第一项应为捐款人
数,剩余的内容应为成对的行。在每一对中,第一行为捐款人姓名,第二
行为捐款数额。即该文件类似于下面:
4
Sam Stone
2000
Freida Flass
100500
Tammy Tubbs
5000
Rich Raptor
55000
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