目录
平台:华硕 Thinker Edge R 瑞芯微 RK3399Pro
固件版本:Tinker_Edge_R-Debian-Stretch-V1.0.4-20200615
记录自【古月居】古月·ROS入门21讲 | 一学就会的ROS机器人入门教程 —— 古月居GYH P12 12.话题消息的定义与使用
自定义话题消息
定义msg文件
cd ~/catkin_workspace/src/learning_topic
mkdir msg
nano ~/catkin_workspace/src/learning_topic/msg/Person.msg
string name
uint8 age
uint8 sex
uint8 unknown = 0
uint8 male = 1
uint8 female = 2
在package.xml中添加功能包依赖
nano ~/catkin_workspace/src/learning_topic/package.xml
<build_depend>message_generation</build_depend>
<exec_depend>message_runtime</exec_depend>
在CMakeLists.txt添加编译选项
...
find_package(... message_generation)
...
add_message_files(FILES Person.msg)
generate_messages(DEPENDENCIES std_msgs)
...
catkin_package(... message_runtime)
...
nano ~/catkin_workspace/src/learning_topic/CMakeLists.txt
编译
cd ~/catkin_workspace
catkin_make
结果
可在~/catkin_workspace/devel/include/learning_topic下看到生成的Person.h
使用
C++
编写程序
person_publisher.cpp
nano ~/catkin_workspace/src/learning_topic/src/person_publisher.cpp
/***********************************************************************
Copyright 2020 GuYueHome (www.guyuehome.com).
***********************************************************************/
/**
* 该例程将发布/person_info话题,自定义消息类型learning_topic::Person
*/
#include <ros/ros.h>
#include "learning_topic/Person.h"
int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
// ROS节点初始化
ros::init(argc, argv, "person_publisher");
// 创建节点句柄
ros::NodeHandle n;
// 创建一个Publisher,发布名为/person_info的topic,消息类型为learning_topic::Person,队列长度10
ros::Publisher person_info_pub = n.advertise<learning_topic::Person>("/person_info", 10);
// 设置循环的频率
ros::Rate loop_rate(1);
int count = 0;
while (ros::ok())
{
// 初始化learning_topic::Person类型的消息
learning_topic::Person person_msg;
person_msg.name = "Tom";
person_msg.age = 18;
person_msg.sex = learning_topic::Person::male;
// 发布消息
person_info_pub.publish(person_msg);
ROS_INFO("Publish Person Info: name:%s age:%d sex:%d",
person_msg.name.c_str(), person_msg.age, person_msg.sex);
// 按照循环频率延时
loop_rate.sleep();
}
return 0;
}
person_subscriber.cpp
nano ~/catkin_workspace/src/learning_topic/src/person_subscriber.cpp
/***********************************************************************
Copyright 2020 GuYueHome (www.guyuehome.com).
***********************************************************************/
/**
* 该例程将订阅/person_info话题,自定义消息类型learning_topic::Person
*/
#include <ros/ros.h>
#include "learning_topic/Person.h"
// 接收到订阅的消息后,会进入消息回调函数
void personInfoCallback(const learning_topic::Person::ConstPtr& msg)
{
// 将接收到的消息打印出来
ROS_INFO("Subcribe Person Info: name:%s age:%d sex:%d",
msg->name.c_str(), msg->age, msg->sex);
}
int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
// 初始化ROS节点
ros::init(argc, argv, "person_subscriber");
// 创建节点句柄
ros::NodeHandle n;
// 创建一个Subscriber,订阅名为/person_info的topic,注册回调函数personInfoCallback
ros::Subscriber person_info_sub = n.subscribe("/person_info", 10, personInfoCallback);
// 循环等待回调函数
ros::spin();
return 0;
}
配置CMakeLists.txt
nano ~/catkin_workspace/src/learning_topic/CMakeLists.txt
添加
add_executable(person_publisher src/person_publisher.cpp)
target_link_libraries(person_publisher ${catkin_LIBRARIES})
add_dependencies(person_publisher ${PROJECT_NAME}_generate_messages_cpp)
add_executable(person_subscriber src/person_subscriber.cpp)
target_link_libraries(person_subscriber ${catkin_LIBRARIES})
add_dependencies(person_subscriber ${PROJECT_NAME}_generate_messages_cpp)
- 设置需要编译的代码和生成的可执行文件;
- 设置链接库;
- 添加依赖项。
编译并运行
cd ~/catkin_workspace
catkin_make
# 新建一个终端
source ~/catkin_workspace/devel/setup.bash
roscore
# 新建一个终端
source ~/catkin_workspace/devel/setup.bash
rosrun learning_topic person_publisher
# 新建一个终端
source ~/catkin_workspace/devel/setup.bash
rosrun learning_topic person_subscriber
# 新建一个终端
source ~/catkin_workspace/devel/setup.bash
rqt_graph
python
编写程序
person_publisher.py
nano ~/catkin_workspace/src/learning_topic/scripts/person_publisher.py
#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
########################################################################
#### Copyright 2020 GuYueHome (www.guyuehome.com). ###
########################################################################
# 该例程将发布/person_info话题,自定义消息类型learning_topic::Person
import rospy
from learning_topic.msg import Person
def velocity_publisher():
# ROS节点初始化
rospy.init_node('person_publisher', anonymous=True)
# 创建一个Publisher,发布名为/person_info的topic,消息类型为learning_topic::Person,队列长度10
person_info_pub = rospy.Publisher('/person_info', Person, queue_size=10)
#设置循环的频率
rate = rospy.Rate(10)
while not rospy.is_shutdown():
# 初始化learning_topic::Person类型的消息
person_msg = Person()
person_msg.name = "Tom";
person_msg.age = 18;
person_msg.sex = Person.male;
# 发布消息
person_info_pub.publish(person_msg)
rospy.loginfo("Publsh person message[%s, %d, %d]",
person_msg.name, person_msg.age, person_msg.sex)
# 按照循环频率延时
rate.sleep()
if __name__ == '__main__':
try:
velocity_publisher()
except rospy.ROSInterruptException:
pass
nano ~/catkin_workspace/src/learning_topic/scripts/person_subscriber.py
#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
########################################################################
#### Copyright 2020 GuYueHome (www.guyuehome.com). ###
########################################################################
# 该例程将订阅/person_info话题,自定义消息类型learning_topic::Person
import rospy
from learning_topic.msg import Person
def personInfoCallback(msg):
rospy.loginfo("Subcribe Person Info: name:%s age:%d sex:%d",
msg.name, msg.age, msg.sex)
def person_subscriber():
# ROS节点初始化
rospy.init_node('person_subscriber', anonymous=True)
# 创建一个Subscriber,订阅名为/person_info的topic,注册回调函数personInfoCallback
rospy.Subscriber("/person_info", Person, personInfoCallback)
# 循环等待回调函数
rospy.spin()
if __name__ == '__main__':
person_subscriber()
运行
sudo chmod +x ~/catkin_workspace/src/learning_topic/scripts/person_publisher.py
sudo chmod +x ~/catkin_workspace/src/learning_topic/scripts/person_subscriber.py
# 新建一个终端
source ~/catkin_workspace/devel/setup.bash
roscore
# 新建一个终端
source ~/catkin_workspace/devel/setup.bash
rosrun learning_topic person_publisher.py
# 新建一个终端
source ~/catkin_workspace/devel/setup.bash
rosrun learning_topic person_subscriber.py
# 新建一个终端
source ~/catkin_workspace/devel/setup.bash
rqt_graph